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Fundamentals of natural computing: Basic Concepts and Algorithms
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Cheesecake Labs
November 19, 2018
Programming
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42
Fundamentals of natural computing: Basic Concepts and Algorithms
Rurik da Silva Pinheiro
Cheesecake Labs
November 19, 2018
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Transcript
Fundamentals of natural computing Basic Concepts and Genetic Algorithm.
Natural Computing
Natural computing is the computational version of this process of
extracting ideas from nature to develop ‘artificial’ systems, or using natural media to perform computation. (CASTRO, 2006) Concept
Computação Natural Experimental studies Natural Materiais Empirical observations Theorical studies
New forms of synthesizing nature New problem solving techniques New computing paradigms
Natural Computing Computing Inspired by Nature Simulation and Emulation of
Nature Computing with Natural Materials
Natural Computing Inspired by Nature Evolutionary Computing Genetic Algorithm Genetic
Programing Swarm Intelligence Neural Networks Artificial Intelligence Simulation & Emulation Natural Materials
Evolutionary Computing
• teoria da evolução de Darwin; • Apresentação de algoritmos
inspirados na teoria da evolução em meados da década de 60; • Na década de 90 definiu-se o termo computação evolucionária. Darwin
Fitness Crossover e Mutação Seleção População Inicial População Solução Cada
novo ciclo corresponde a uma nova geração. satisfeito ?
“Uma lei geral, resultando na melhoria de todos os seres
orgânicos: multiplique, varie, deixe os mais fortes sobreviverem e os mais fracos morrerem” (C. Darwin, 1859).
População Inicial 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 População (string binária) Indivíduo 1 Indivíduo 2 Indivíduo 3 Indivíduo 4 Indivíduo 5 F C/M S PI PS
Indivíduo F C/M S PI PS 0 1 1 0
0 Indivíduo Lócus Gene 0 1 1 0 0 possui revestimento superior vestimenta inferior longa vestimenta superior longa idade elevada QI elevado Fenótipo Genótipo Alelos {0,1}
Fitness F C/M S PI PS 7,0 6,3 8,2 7,2
9,6 6,0 5,0 8,5
Selection F C/M S PS PI
Selection F C/M S PS PI 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Um ponto Multipontos Uniforme 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
Parâmetros que influenciam no comportamento do GA: • Tamanho da
População; • Taxa de Cruzamento; • Taxa de Mutação; Configs
Example
• Função de duas variáveis obtida na tradução e dimensionamento
de Distribuições Gaussianas. • Problema mono-objetivo com muitos mínimos. ! ", $ = 3 1 − " )*+,-+(/01)² − 10 " 5 − "6 − $ *+,-+/- − 1 3 *+ ,01 -+/² My application
min(f(x,y)) = -6.5511 My application
35=C3 8 1 0 8 8= 0 - 1 8
% % % % . =1 5 = 5 28 5 8