Bootstrapping von iOS-Projekten

© 2019 andrena objects ag Experts in agile software engineering
Mobile Maultaschen Bootstrapping von iOS-Projekten 09.04.2019 Gregor Dschung [email protected]

2 Über mich Gregor Dschung Agile Software Engineer seit 2013 bei andrena seit 2016 in der iOS-Entwicklung @chkpnt @chkpnt

3 Nächsten Termine Mo., 06.05.2019: ObjektForum „Reaktive Programmierung in verständlichen Worten“ Alex Krause, QAware 06. bis 08.11.2019: XP Days Germany

5 Motivation Today‘s code is the legacy code of tomorrow.

6 Motivation Today‘s code is the legacy code of tomorrow the day after tomorrow.

7 Motivation Today‘s code is the legacy code of tomorrow next week. Maintainability Comprehensibility / Readability … for other people than myself!

© 2019 andrena objects ag Guidance? Experts in agile software
engineering 8

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engineering 12

13 Goal • A new developer should be able to understand the structure easily • A new developer knows where to add new features

14 Xcode Groups

15 Xcode Groups • Helps to keep structure • Should not contain „too many“ files • Should match the file system structure • Less of a problem since Xcode 9 • Keep filesystem in sync with Xcode: Synx (unmaintained!) • Generate Xcode Project: XcodeGen • In order to fulfill a task, you shouldn‘t be forced to open more than a few groups

16 One possible structure, not THE structure.

17 Assets

© 2019 andrena objects ag Where to put the assets?
Experts in agile software engineering 18 All in Assets.xcassets Issues: • It‘s gonna get messy. • Where is the asset used? Empfehlung: Assets, die nur innerhalb eines Moduls verwendet wird, gehören dorthin

© 2019 andrena objects ag Where to put the assets?
Experts in agile software engineering 19 All in Assets.xcassets Issues: • It‘s gonna get messy. • Where is the asset used? Recommendation: • Assets, which are only used in one module, belongs there. (high cohesion)

Structure within the asset catalog • Use folders as namespaces 20

21 Localizable Strings / Stringdicts

22 Key Value TableName

Strings • All in Localizable.strings • It‘s gonna get messy. • Missing context Recommendation: • Strings, which are only used within one module, belongs there (high cohesion) • Use constants for the NSLocalizedString, not the keys! • Which l10n workflow is used? 23

l10n workflow • What is translated? • .strings files • XLIFF (XML Localization Interchange File Format) • Where is the source of the translation? • In the base .strings files? • In the code? 24

25 Here there is nothing to say against a single Localization.strings, as the localization is done by developers through pull-requests.

• Strings are declared in the module in which they are needed ! • But: I do not need the translations during development " • *.strings have to be placed within the module, because there is the source of the translation 26

• Strings are declared in the module in which they are needed ! • But: I do not need the translations during development " • *.strings have to be placed within the module, because there is the source of the translation 27

• Strings are declared in the module in which they are needed ! • Source of the translation is placed nearby the declaration ! • The translations can be placed outside the module ! 28

29 • The source of stringdicts for l10n can‘t be specified programmatically.

30 Own bundle for l10n !

© 2019 andrena objects ag 31 Experts in agile software
engineering BUT: In the XLIFF, the path to the strings-file is wrong ! • Export doesn‘t contain translations • Import won‘t work Workaround: • Assign the strings-file to the main target during export / import

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33 String-based APIs

String-based APIs • Localized Strings • Assets • StoryBoards, Nibs, Segues • Reuse-Identifier • Issues: • Unsafe refactoring, runtime errors • IDE support (Code-Completion, Navigation) • Recommendation: • Use a code generator, e. g. R.swift (> 6,1k ★ ) 34 Examples

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String-based APIs • Localizable Strings und R.swift • Kommentare werden (noch) nicht übernommen (Github #342) • Stringdicts werden unterstützt aber noch nicht NSStringVariableWidthRuleType (Github #392) 40

41 Unviable Architecture

Components • Xcode Groups != Java Packages • Swift-Tooling != Java-Tooling • Prevent misuse • Information Hiding • Split your code into Frameworks • Side benefits: • Build-Times, Faster Feedback 42

Even the simple case can easily go wrong 43 UI Business / Domain Data Access Wrong or half-hearted implementation! Why? • Missing orientation • Blindly followed Medium-Articels about VIPER

From layers to onions 44 UI Business / Domain Data Access UI Business / Domain Data Access Domain Services UI SOLID? DIP? Lesenswert: https://www.maibornwolff.de/blog/von-schichten-zu-ringen-hexagonale-architekturen-erklaert

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46 Tests

Tests • Don‘t cheat yourself 47

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Tests • Don‘t cheat yourself • Don‘t use your productive AppDelegate in your tests • Write useful asserts • … • Don‘t write your mocks by hand • This implies you use mocks ;-) • Every programmer has it‘s own style writing mocks à chaos • Generate your mocks with a tool like SwiftyMocky 50

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Tests • Don‘t cheat yourself • Don‘t use your productive AppDelegate in your tests • Write useful asserts • … • Don‘t write your mocks by hand • This implies you use mocks ;-) • Every programmer has it‘s own style writing mocks à chaos • Generate your mocks with a tool like SwiftyMocky 53

54 Undiscussed stuff

Other important topics • Code Reviews • Continuous Integration • UI Architecture • Observability • Dependency Injection • … 55

Bootstrapping von iOS-Projekten

Bootstrapping von iOS-Projekten

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