Unboxing Rails 7

What’s new in the latest major version
See https://rubyonrails.org/2021/12/15/Rails-7-fulfilling-a-vision

---

Ruby
- 648783 | Rails 7 requires Ruby 2.7 and prefer Ruby 3+
- #42053 | Replace map + compact with filter_map
- #40914 | Depend on ruby/debug, replacing Byebug

Active Support
- #40914 | Add Enumerable#sole
- #41333 | Add Enumerable#maximum

Active Model
- #41022 | Add validate numericality in range
- #40095 | Add ComparisonValidator to validate comparison of any objects

Active Storage
- #42425 | Add audio analyzer to active storage
- #42410 | Add support for ActiveStorage expiring URLs

Action View
- #42234 | Let link_to infer link name from Model#to_s
- #41143 | Support phone_to options when name not specified
- #40914 | Support sms_to options when name not specified

Active Record
- #41659 | Add encryption to Active Record
- #41372 | Implement Relation#load_async to schedule the query on the background thread pool
- #41439 | Add #excluding to ActiveRecord::Relation
- #40249 | Expose an invert_where method that will invert all scope conditions

Railties
- #42997 | Remove spring as a default installation option
- #42985 | Stop trying to configure listen by default on compatible platforms
- #43172 | Use the combined jsbundling-rails gem instead of individual js bundler gems
- #43110 | Remove default reliance on Sass and CSS generators
- #43177 | Add --css app generator option
- #42999 | Replace Webpacker with importmapped Hotwire as default JavaScript setup

Other relevant PRs
- 0d523d | Drops support for classic mode (Zeitweirk only)
- #42240 | Add Marginalia to Rails, via QueryLogs
- #43261 | Make Sprockets more optional, offer Propshaft as alternative
- #39135 | Make Sprockets more optional, offer Propshaft as alternative
- #39135 | Add ability to use pre-defined Active Storage variants
- #43112 | Document that @rails/ujs is deprecated
- #41856 | Add support for generated columns in PostgreSQL
- #42245 | Support NullsFirst for all databases
- #39723 | Create database via UI when ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError
- #40708 | Change form_with to generate non-remote forms by default
- #41083 | Avoid suggesting very unlikely changes in rails app:update
- #42538 | Generate less initializers in new/upgraded Rails apps

Transcript

1. Unboxing Rails 7
   What’s new in the latest major version
   RailsConf 2022 speakerdeck.com/claudiob
   

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2. Unboxing Rails 7
   

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3. Unboxing Rails 7
   Rafael Mendonça França
   Ryuta Kamizono
   Jean Boussier
   Eileen M. Uchitelle
   Jonathan Hefner
   Xavier Noria
   John Hawthorn
   Zachary Scott
   Jorge Manrubia
   Kasper Timm Hansen
   Alex Ghiculescu
   Petrik de Heus
   Eugene Kenny
   Gannon McGibbon
   David Heinemeier Hansson
   Andrew White
   Guillermo Iguaran
   John Bampton
   Yasuo Honda
   Aaron Patterson
   Abhay Nikam
   Sean Doyle
   Vipul A M
   Jacopo Beschi
   Santiago Bartesaghi
   Étienne Barrié
   Daniel Colson
   Ricardo Díaz
   Akira Matsuda
   Carlos Antonio da Silva
   John Crepezzi
   George Claghorn
   Ashik Salman
   Haroon Ahmed
   Aditya Bhutani
   Jacob Herrington
   Mike Dalessio
   Adrianna Chang
   alpaca-tc
   Breno Gazzola
   Dinah Shi
   André Luis Leal Cardoso Jr
   Henrik Nyh
   Jose Galisteo
   Sam Bostock
   Dima Fatko
   Adam Hess
   Nicholas Stuart
   Espartaco Palma
   Hartley McGuire
   Martin Jaime
   Okura Masafumi
   Roberto Miranda
   Benoit Daloze
   Mike Rogers
   Adam Hess
   Bogdan Denkovych
   Christian Schmidt
   Jamie McCarthy
   Leo Correa
   Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   👏
   

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4. 12 - s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.5.0"
   12 + s.required_ruby_version = ">= 2.7.0"
   6487836a Rails 7 requires Ruby 2.7 and prefer Ruby 3+
   rails.gemspec
   12 - gem "byebug"
   12 + gem "debug", ">= 1.0.0.rc"
   #40914 Depend on ruby/debug, replacing Byebug
   Gemfile
   29 - formats = formats.map(&:ref).compact
   29 + formats = formats.filter_map(&:ref)
   #42053 Replace map + compact with filter_map
   actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb
   Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   

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5. Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   #41333 Add Enumerable#maximum
   User = Struct.new(:name, :age)
   users = [User.new("Alice", 42), User.new("Bob", 19), User.new("Charlie", 22)]
   users.maximum(:age) #=> 42
   #40914 Add Enumerable#sole
   ["x"].sole #=> "x"
   Set.new.sole #=> Enumerable::SoleItemExpectedError: no item found
   { a: 1, b: 2 }.sole #=> Enumerable::SoleItemExpectedError: multiple items found
   User.where(admin: true).sole #=> #
   

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6. Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   #41022 Add validate numericality in range
   class Adult < Person
   validate :age, numericality: { in: 18..99 }
   end
   #40095 Add ComparisonValidator to validate comparison of any objects
   class User < ApplicationRecord
   validates_comparison_of :birth_date, less_than_or_equal_to: -> { Date.today }
   validates_comparison_of :preferred_name, other_than: :given_name, allow_nil: true
   end
   

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7. Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   #42410 Add support for ActiveStorage expiring URLs
   <%= image_tag rails_blob_path(user.avatar, expires_in: 5.minutes) %>
   #=>
   config.active_storage.urls_expire_in = 60.minutes # global
   #42425 Add audio analyzer to active storage
   ActiveStorage::Analyzer::AudioAnalyzer.new(blob).metadata
   #=> { duration: 5.0, bit_rate: 320340 }
   

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8. #42234 Let link_to infer link name from Model#to_s
   <%= link_to @profile, @profile.name %>
   #=> Olivier
   #40914 Support sms_to options when name not specified
   <%= sms_to "5155555785", "Text me", body: "Help me" %>
   #=> Text me
   #41143 Support phone_to options when name not specified
   <%= phone_to "5155555785", "Phone me", country_code: "01" %>
   #=> Phone me
   Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   

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9. Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
   #41659 Add encryption to Active Record
   class Person < ApplicationRecord
   encrypts :email, :birth_date
   end
   #41372 Implement Relation#load_async to schedule the query on the background thread pool
   def index
   @categories = Category.some_complex_scope.load_async
   @posts = Post.some_complex_scope.load_async
   end
   

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10. Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
    #40249 Expose an invert_where method that will invert all scope conditions
    class User < ApplicationRecord
    scope :active, -> { where(accepted: true, locked: false) }
    end
    User.active # ... WHERE `accepted` = 1 AND `locked` = 0
    User.active.invert_where # ... WHERE NOT (`accepted` = 1 AND `locked` = 0)
    #41439 Add #excluding to ActiveRecord::Relation
    Post.excluding(post_one, post_two)
    # SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE "posts"."id" NOT IN (1, 2)
    

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11. 58 - <% if spring_install? -%>
    59 - gem "spring"
    60 - <% end -%>
    59 + # gem "spring"
    #42997 Remove spring as a default installation option
    railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Gemfile.tt
    58 - <% if depend_on_listen? -%>
    59 - gem "listen", "~> 3.3"
    60 - <% end -%>
    #42985 Stop trying to configure listen by default on compatible platforms
    railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Gemfile.tt
    Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
    

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12. - gem "webpacker", "~> 6.0.0", require: ENV["SKIP_REQUIRE_WEBPACKER"] != "true"
    12 + gem "jsbundling-rails"
    #43172 Use the combined jsbundling-rails gem instead of individual js bundler gems
    Gemfile
    Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
    > rails new app --javascript=rollup # options: rollup, webpack, esbuild, importmap
    > yarn build --watch # or ./bin/dev
    rollup v2.72.0
    bundles app/javascript/application.js → app/assets/builds/application.js...
    waiting for changes...
    

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13. 16 - gem "sass-rails"
    #43110 Remove default reliance on Sass and CSS generators
    Gemfile
    Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
    > rails new app --css=bulma # options: tailwind, bootstrap, bulma, postcss, sass
    > yarn build:css --watch # or ./bin/dev
    Sass is watching for changes. Press Ctrl-C to stop.
    21 + gem "cssbundling-rails"
    22 + gem "tailwindcss-rails"
    #43177 Add --css app generator option
    Gemfile
    

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14. 17 - gem "turbolinks", "~> 5"
    17 + gem "stimulus-rails"
    18 + gem "turbo-rails"
    19 + gem "importmap-rails"
    #42999 Replace Webpacker with importmapped Hotwire as default JavaScript setup
    Gemfile
    Unboxing Rails 7 Ruby Active Support Active Model Active Storage Action View Active Record Railties
    > rails new app # uses importmap, turbo, stimulus: Node is not required!
    > rails new app --webpack --skip-hotwire # uses webpack (useful for React)
    > rails new app --skip-javascript # nothing pre-configured
    

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15. 0d523d Drops support for classic mode (Zeitweirk only)
    Unboxing Rails 7
    #42538 Generate less initializers in new/upgraded Rails apps
    #42240 Add Marginalia to Rails, via QueryLogs
    #43261 Make Sprockets more optional, offer Propshaft as alternative
    #39135 Add ability to use pre-defined Active Storage variants
    #43112 Document that @rails/ujs is deprecated
    #41856 Add support for generated columns in PostgreSQL
    #42245 Support NullsFirst for all databases
    #39723 Create database via UI when ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError
    #40708 Change form_with to generate non-remote forms by default
    #41083 Avoid suggesting very unlikely changes in rails app:update
    

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16. Unboxing Rails 7
    What’s new in the latest major version
    RailsConf 2022 speakerdeck.com/claudiob
    🙇
    

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