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語言的死亡 CH 1
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cyanteal
November 06, 2015
Education
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語言的死亡 CH 1
cyanteal
November 06, 2015
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Transcript
铃鎊涸娦❗ David Crystal CH 1 ⡦閗铃鎊娦❗
➊랃僽铃鎊涸娦❗
⚆歲♳ⵌ䏁剤㢵㼱珏铃鎊
➊랃僽懼⽭铃鎊
⢿㶩
+24% ⾲⡞字铃嫢铃➃侸
50 3
4⦐ꡠ꒳
1 +6% 㖈㹻铞
1 76% 65% From To
2 60% 30% 20% 䎃룲 >85 40~44 5
3 Ꟁ㣐 91% 1981 (5) 76% 1996 (16)
4 䊨⡲穡㭶 74% 20-24y 45% +15y
㣐鿈ⴕ涸㕜㹻 呏劥♶⨞铃鎊锅叆
嫦 2 鹋 娦䱈 ♧珏铃鎊
ⴕ秹
铞鑨➃侸 铃鎊穡圓 ⣜亙
铃鎊穡圓 ⣜亙 铞鑨➃侸
㸞 懼⽭ 徧❗
懼⽭ 徧❗ 䔥殆 Krauss, 1992
㶸崞 㶸崞㼭滞 懼⽭ 䎙鵜徧❗ 徧❗ Kinscade, 1991
〳腋懼⽭ 懼⽭ 㓂ꅾ懼⽭ 䔥殆 徧❗ Wurm, 1998
铃鎊穡圓 ⣜亙 铞鑨➃侸
担隶䒭铃鎊刿僒
穡锸
䨾⟃䧮⦛鼩剤䧮⦛涸㶩㷟⡂⛖姻畀㖈 㶸❗穪糵涸鱲䰑럊♳侮넓⢵溏⚆♳㣐 鿈ⴕ涸铃鎊Ⱖ鸏垺ⱄ鸏垺♴꣮♴♧ 㹁剚饥ⵌꨫ 薊㕜懼⽭铃鎊㛇ꆄ剚ⶾ用䒊陾剅1995
䧮錏䖤⫹僽㋓꣫欰㥏➃涸㥘宐Ꟁ㣐涸㥪 ⫹䧮僽ⴽ➃귢㣐涸剤鸏垺涸䠮錏僽㔔 捀䧮♶剚闍䧮嫢鋷涸铃鎊 H. Stuurman, 1997
➮⦛㖈齡酭溏♶鋅㿋繙溏♶鋅埠加溏 ♶鋅鴍➃㖈歊酭置㖒䨾⟃鸏❉✲䞕⢪欽 䬘㨗铃鑪䙦랃闍➮⦛⛳恸恸䘎✫㔔 捀➮⦛♧䎃〳腋〫聃麕鸏❉㶶♧妄罜 䊺 G. Rizkalla, 1997
䨾閗铃鎊崩㣟鸏崩㣟涸♶僽錚䙂♶僽 䬄韍涸匌銯罜僽㣐㹻涸绢䢫隶✫♶ⱄ 㼟荈䊹涸铃鎊崩⫄♴鸏ㄤ➃剤㺙ⴗ涸 ꡠ⤚♶〳⟃〫僽䭭⢵殹⨞舡⸂麉䨡瘞 衽鍑閱㽠㥪 M. Rhydwen, 1998
⨞䖤ⵌ㽠銴⨞
1. 䖰⡹涸䠑鋅⢵溏铃鎊銴⥃㶸㌨ 2. Kincade 㼟铃鎊涸⨴䐁䏞ⴕ捀❀秹 ⡹錏䖤〵铃䥰鑪衆㖈ㆭ酭捀➊랃 ㉏겗莅鎣锸