Neutrinos

A talk all about the most mysterious, yet interesting particles in the whole of Physics. The history of neutrinos has been one of constantly upsetting the status quo, something they continue to do to this day. I talk about their history, what they've taught us so far, and what we hope to learn from them in the future.

Transcript

1. Daniel Scully University of Warwick
2. Material World
3. Periodic Table
4. The Atom Proton Neutron Electron
5. A Problem...
6. Beta Decay
7. Beta Decay E Z = E Z+1 + E e
8. Beta Decay E Z = E Z+1 + E e
9. Beta Decay E Z = E Z+1 + E e
10. Neils Bohr “At the present stage of atomic theory we have no arguments for upholding the concept of energy balance in the case of beta-ray disintegrations.”
11. Wolfgang Pauli “there could exist... electrically neutral particles” “in beta decay a (neutrino) is emitted in addition to the electron such that the sum of the energies of the (neutrino) and the electron is constant”
12. Beta Decay E Z = E Z+1 + (E e + E ν )
13. Wolfgang Pauli “I have hit upon a desperate remedy...” “I agree that my remedy could seem incredible...” “Thus, dear radioactive people, look and judge.” “Unfortunately, I cannot appear in Tubingen personally... because of a ball”
14. The Atom Proton Neutron Electron Neutrino
15. Particle Physics
16. The Atom Proton Neutron Electron Neutrino
17. Quarks u u d Proton
18. Quarks u d d Neutron
19. Standard Model
20. Anti-Matter Standard Model
21. Standard Model Matter Anti-Matter
22. Forces Gravity Electro-Magnetism Strong Force Weak Force
23. Gravity Forces Electro-Magnetism Strong Force Weak Force
24. Neutrinos
25. Neutrinos ν e ν μ ν τ
26. Gravity Forces Electro-Magnetism Strong Force Weak Force
27. Neutrino Interactions Matter Anti-Matter
28. Neutrino Interactions ν e e- ν μ μ-
29. Neutrino Mass ν proton
30. Neutrinos ν e ν μ ν τ Very small masses Made in nuclear processes Hardly ever interact
31. Discovery
32. Fred Reins & Clyde Cowan
33. Project Poltergeist
34. Project Poltergeist
35. Another Problem....
36. 100 billion
37. John Bahcall
38. Solar Neutrinos
39. Ray Davis
40. Homestake Experiment ν e e- Cl Ar
41. Solar Neutrino Problem
42. Yet Another Problem...
45. Atmospheric Neutrino Anomaly
46. Neutrino Oscillations
47. Neutrino Oscillations Solar ν e → ν μ Atmospheric ν μ → ν τ
48. The Big Bang
49. Neutrino Oscillations Source Flavours Solar ν e → ν e Atmospheric ν μ → ν μ Reactor ν e → ν e MINOS ν μ → ν μ OPERA ν μ → ν τ T2K ν μ → ν e NOvA ν μ → ν e
50. Neutrino Beams
51. T2K ν μ ν e
52. Neutrinos Everywhere
53. Geo-Neutrinos
54. Supernova 1987a
55. Neutrino Astronomy Optical Infra Red
56. The Big Bang
57. Daniel Scully University of Warwick
58. Billion-Dollar-O-Gram
59. J-PARC
60. T2K ν μ ν e
61. ND280
65. T2K ν μ ν e
66. The Universe Matter: 5% Dark Matter: 23% Dark Energy: 72% Dark Matter & Energy
67. Uncertainties 1σ – 68% 2σ – 99.5% 3σ – 99.7% 4σ – 99.99% 5σ – 99.9999%