[WNYRuby/Buffalo PHP] Ruby and PHP, Sitting in a tree: C.O.D.I.N.G.

Every day I meet Ruby developers who are still using PHP on a daily basis, either professionally or for fun — this talk aims to showcase some of its latest features that you might have missed which can make your life easier.

If the last time you looked at PHPs release notes they had recently released a revamped object model, you’ve missed out on a lot. PHP has grown up and it’s time for the way you work with it to mature also.

Best practices, mature tooling, and fancy new features all come together to make PHP a very different language to what you might have left behind.

Who knows, perhaps you’ll fall in like with it all over again.

Transcript

1. Ruby and PHP
   Sitting in a Tree: C.O.D.I.N.G.
   

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2. •Community Engineer at Engine Yard
   •Author of Zend PHP 5 Certification
   Study Guide, Sitepoints PHP
   Anthology: 101 Essential Tips, Tricks
   & Hacks & PHP Master: Write
   Cutting Edge Code
   •A contributor to Zend Framework 1
   & 2, phpdocs, and PHP internals
   • @dshafik
   Davey Shafik
   

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3. BULLET
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   About These Slides
   

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4. About These Slides
   • Two slides per “slide”
   • Title Slide (for when I’m talking)
   • Details slide (for later)
   • Nobody likes it when you can read the slide just as
   well as the speaker can
   • I like slides that are useful
   

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5. Why am I giving this talk?
   

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6. Why am I giving this talk?
   • Most Ruby developers I talk to are still writing PHP
   code on a regular basis.
   !
   • Full time PHP Developer, writing Ruby for Fun
   !
   • Freelance Ruby Developer, writing PHP for Clients
   !
   • Full time Ruby Developer, writing PHP for Fun
   !6
   

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7. They Think PHP Sucks
   

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8. Can’t we all just get along?
   

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9. PHP 5.3
   Release Date: June 30th 2009
   5-15% Faster
   

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10. Namespaces
    Better Code Organization
    

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11. Namespaces
    • Avoid Naming Collisions
    • Alias Long Names
    !11
    

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12. Namespaces
    • Namespace Defined at the top
    • Relative Namespaces are Supported
    • Import/Alias with "use" keyword
    !12
    namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    

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13. Namespaces
    !13
    namespace!Zend;!
    use!Zend\Http\Client\Adapter\Socket!as!HttpClient;!
    !!
    $client!=!new!Http\Client\Adapter\Socket;!
    $client!=!new!HttpClient;!
    $client!=!new!Zend\Http\Client\Adapter\Socket;!
    ?>
    

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14. PSR-0
    A new standard
    

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15. http://xkcd.com/927/
    

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16. PSR-0
    • Remove leading namespace separator
    • Replace namespace separator with directory separator
    • Replace underscores with directory separator
    • Add .php to the end
    !16
    

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17. PSR-0
    • Remove leading namespace separator
    • Replace namespace separator with directory separator
    • Replace underscores with directory separator
    • Add .php to the end
    !16
    '\Fully\Qualified\Class\Name'.gsub(/^\\+/,'')
    .gsub('\\', File::SEPARATOR)
    .gsub('_', File::SEPARATOR)

    + '.php'
    

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18. namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    PSR-0
    

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19. namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    PSR-0
    

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20. namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    PSR-0
    

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21. namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    PSR-0
    

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22. namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    PSR-0
    

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23. namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter;
    class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface
    {
    }
    ?>
    PSR-0
    

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24. Composer
    getcomposer.org
    

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25. Bundler for PHP
    JSON instead of YAML
    

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26. Composer
    composer.json:!
    {!
    !!!!"require":!{!
    !!!!!!!!"monolog/monolog":!"1.2.*",!
    !!!!!!!!"phpunit/phpunit":!"3.*",!
    !!!!!!!!"zend/zendframework":!">=2.0,!!!!!!!!!"zend/zendframework":!"~2.0"!!!!!!!
    !!!!}!
    }
    

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27. Composer
    Install dependencies (from composer.lock)
    $ composer install
    !
    Update dependencies & write composer.lock
    $ composer update
    

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28. Autoloading
    require 'vendor/autoload.php';
    !
    use Zend\Http\Client\Adapter\Socket as HttpClient;
    $client = new HttpClient; 

    // Automagically (lazy) loaded
    !
    Optimize the Autoloader with a classmap:
    $ composer install --optimize-autoloader
    $ composer update --optimize-autoloader
    

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29. Closures
    (mostly)
    

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30. Closures
    $a = array(3, 2, 5, 6, 1);
    usort($a, function ($a, $b) {
    if ($a == $b) {
    return 0;
    }
    return ($a < $b) ? -1 : 1;
    });
    ?>
    

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31. PHP 5.4
    Release Date: March 1st 2012
    10-15% Faster (again)
    

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32. Short Echo Tags
    ="Now I Will Always Work!";?>
    

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33. Traits
    Horizontal Re-use
    Compile-Time Copy & Paste
    

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34. Traits
    trait getHello {
    public function hello() { return "Hello"; }
    }
    trait getWorld {
    public function world() { return "World"; }
    }
    trait sayHelloWorld {
    use getHello, getWorld;
    public function helloWorld() {
    echo $this->hello(), " ", $this->world();
    }
    }
    class Greeting {
    use sayHelloWorld;
    }
    (new Greeting)->helloWorld(); // Hello World
    

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35. Traits
    class!Greeting!{!
    !!!!use!sayHelloWorld!{!
    !!!!!!!!hello!as!private;!
    !!!!!!!!world!as!protected;!
    !!!}!
    }!
    !
    class!InformalGreeting!extends!Greeting!{!
    !!!!use!sayHelloWorld!{!
    !!!!!!!helloWorld!as:hiThere;!
    !!!}!
    }!
    !
    (new!InformalGreeting)=>hiThere();!//"Hello"World
    

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36. Closure Improvements
    

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37. Closure Improvements
    • Early binding on $this (now for the object in which it
    was created, instead of null)
    • Can change with $closure->bindTo()/
    Closure::bindTo()
    • Can set scope and $this to different things (watch
    out!)
    !32
    

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38. Callbacks
    

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39. Callbacks
    function invokeCallback(callable $var) {
    $var();
    }
    invokeCallback(function() { });
    invokeCallback("functionName");
    invokeCallback(['class', 'staticMethod']);
    invokeCallback([$object, 'method']);
    class Foo {
    public function __invoke() { }
    }
    invokeCallback(new Foo());
    

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40. Short Array Syntax
    ["foo",!"bar",!"baz"]!
    !!
    ["foo"!=>!"bar",!"baz"!=>!"bat"]
    

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41. Dereferencing
    

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42. Dereferencing
    function!bat()!{!
    !!!!return!["foo",!"bar"];!
    }!
    !!
    $foo!=!bat()[1];!//"bar!
    !
    PHP 5.5+
    !
    $foo!=!["foo",!"bar"][1];!//"bar!
    !
    $foo!=!"foo"[1];!//"o!
    !!
    function!baz()!{!
    !!!!return!"foo";!
    }!
    !!
    $foo!=!baz()[1];!//"o
    

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43. PHP 5.5
    Release Date: June 20th 2013
    

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44. Generators
    Simple Iterators
    

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45. Generators
    function gen() {
    echo 'start';
    yield 'middle';
    echo 'end';
    }
    // Initial call does not output anything, returns an instance of
    // the Generator class
    $gen = gen();
    // Call to current() resumes the generator, thus "start" is output.
    // Then the yield expression is hit and the string "middle" is
    // returned as the result of current() and then output.
    echo $gen->current();
    // Execution of the generator is resumed again, thus echoing "end"
    $gen->next();
    

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46. Generators
    function ifile($filename) {
    if (!$fh = fopen($filename, 'r')) {
    return;
    }
    while (($line = fgets($fh)) !== false) {
    yield $line;
    }
    fclose($fh);
    }
    // $lines is an instance of the Generator class
    $lines = ifile('/path/to/file');
    foreach ($lines as $line) {
    // do something with $line
    }
    

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47. Generators
    • Co-Routines: Send data in to generators with 

    ->send()
    
    • Send and Receive data at the same time
    
    • Send Exceptions into the Generator with 

    ->throw()
    !42
    

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48. Generators
    function!PasswordGenerator($min!=!1,!$max!=!null)!{:
    !!!!$chr!=!array_combine(range(32,!126),!array_map('chr',!range(32,!126)));!
    !!!!$ord!=!array_flip($chr);!
    !!!!$first!=!reset($chr);!
    !!!!$last!=!end($chr);!
    !!!!$length!=!$min;!
    !!!!$password!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$first);!
    !!!!$stop!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$last);!
    !!!!$end!=!$length!=!1;!
    !!!!while!($max!?!$max!>=!$length!:!true)!{!
    !!!!!!!!yield!implode('',!$password);!
    !!!!!!!!if!($password!==!$stop)!{!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!$length++;!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!$password!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$first);!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!$stop!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$last);!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!$end!=!$length!=!1;!
    !!!!!!!!}!else!{!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!for!($left!=!$end;!isset($password[$left])!
    ! ! ! !&&!$password[$left]!==!$last;!$left==);!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!if!(isset($password[$left])!&&!$password[$left]!!=!$last)!{!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$password[$left]!=!$chr[$ord[$password[$left]]!+!1];!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!for!($index!=!$left!+!1;!$index!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$password[$index]!=!$first;!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!}!
    !!!!!!!!!!!!}!
    !!!!!!!!}!
    !!!!}!
    }
    class!PasswordIterator!implements!Iterator!
    {!
    ! protected!$length;!
    ! protected!$min;!
    ! protected!$max;!
    ! protected!$counter;!
    ! protected!$password;!
    ! protected!$chr;!
    ! protected!$ord;!
    ! protected!$first;!
    ! protected!$last;!
    ! protected!$end;!
    ! protected!$stop;!
    ! public!function!__construct($min!=!1,!$max!=!null)!{:
    ! ! $this=>min!=!$min;!
    ! ! $this=>max!=!$max;!
    ! ! $this=>chr!=!array_combine(range(32,!126),!array_map('chr',!range(32,!126)));!
    ! ! $this=>ord!=!array_flip($this=>chr);!
    ! ! $this=>first!=!reset($this=>chr);!
    ! ! $this=>last!=!end($this=>chr);!
    ! ! $this=>rewind();!
    ! }!
    ! protected!function!increment()!{:
    ! ! $this=>length++;!
    ! ! $this=>password!=!array_fill(0,!$this=>length,!$this=>first);!
    ! ! $this=>stop!=!array_fill(0,!$this=>length,!$this=>last);!
    ! ! $this=>end!=!$this=>length!=!1;!
    ! }!
    ! public!function!rewind()!{:
    ! ! $this=>length!=!$this=>min!=!1;!
    ! ! $this=>counter!=!1;!
    ! ! $this=>increment();!
    ! }!
    ! public!function!current()!{:
    ! ! return!implode('',!$this=>password);!
    ! }!
    ! public!function!key()!{:
    ! ! return!$this=>counter;!
    ! }!
    ! public!function!next()!{:
    ! ! $this=>counter++;!
    ! ! if!($this=>password!==!$this=>stop)!{!
    ! ! ! $this=>increment();!
    ! ! }!else!{!
    ! ! ! for!($left!=!$this=>end;!isset($this=>password[$left])!!
    ! ! ! ! &&!$this=>password[$left]!==!$this=>last;!$left==);!
    ! ! ! if!(isset($this=>password[$left])!&&!$this=>password[$left]!!=!$this=>last)!{!
    ! ! ! ! $this=>password[$left]!=!$this=>chr[$this=>ord[$this=>password[$left]]!+!1];!
    ! ! ! ! for!($index!=!$left!+!1;!$index!length;!$index++)!{!
    ! ! ! ! ! $this=>password[$index]!=!$this=>first;!
    ! ! ! ! }!
    ! ! ! }!
    ! ! }!
    ! }!
    ! public!function!valid()!{:
    ! ! return!$this=>max!?!($this=>max!>=!$this=>length)!:!true;!
    ! }!
    }
    Generator Iterator
    

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49. finally
    (finally!)
    

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50. “finally” keyword
    !45
    • Code within a finally block always is run after
    either of the try, or catch blocks.
    try {
    // Try something
    } catch (\Exception $exception) {
    // Handle exception
    } finally {
    // Whatever happened, do this
    }
    

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51. Behat
    Cucumber for PHP
    behat.org
    

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52. Behat: Gherkin Syntax
    Feature: Multiple site support
    Background:
    Given a global administrator named "Greg"
    And a blog named "Greg's anti-tax rants"
    And a customer named "Wilson"
    And a blog named "Expensive Therapy" owned by "Wilson"
    Scenario: Wilson posts to his own blog
    Given I am logged in as Wilson
    When I try to post to "Expensive Therapy"
    Then I should see "Your article was published."
    Scenario: Greg posts to a client's blog
    Given I am logged in as Greg
    When I try to post to "Expensive Therapy"
    Then I should see "Your article was published."
    

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53. Mink
    Behat Plugin for Headless Browser Support
    

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54. Behat: Mink
    • Goutte (PHP-based)
    • Sahi
    • Zombie.js
    • Selenium/Selenium 2
    !49
    

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55. CodeCeption
    Acceptance + Functional + Unit Testing
    codeception.com
    

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56. Codeception
    • Selenium 2 or PhpBrowser for Acceptance Testing
    • Built-in framework support for Functional Testing
    (e.g. Symfony, Zend Framework 2)
    • Extends standard PHPUnit tests for Unit Testing
    !51
    

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57. ReactPHP
    Asynchronous Event-based Applications
    reactphp.org
    

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58. ReactPHP
    $app = function ($request, $response) {
    $response->writeHead(200,['Content-Type' => ‘text/plain']);
    $response->end("Hello World\n");
    };
    $loop = React\EventLoop\Factory::create();
    $socket = new React\Socket\Server($loop);
    $http = new React\Http\Server($socket, $loop);
    $http->on('request', $app);
    echo "Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8080\n";
    $socket->listen(8080);
    $loop->run();
    Uses LibEV, LibEvent or Streams Socket Select
    

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59. ReactPHP
    !
    • Async Redis Client
    • ZeroMQ, Stomp Support
    • Promises (CommonJS Promises/A)
    • Partials
    • GifSocket

    "Real Time communication library using Animated
    Gifs as a transport™" - Alvaro Videla.
    !54
    

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60. Party Like It’s 1999
    9
    Goto
    

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61. Party Like It’s 1999
    5
    Goto
    

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62. Obligatory XKCD
    

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63. Goto
    __label__(:loop)
    puts "Woooooooo"
    __goto__(:loop)
    puts "This line of code is never reached."
    Yes, that’s Ruby! Just compile with SUPPORT_JOKE!
    http://ey.io/ruby-goto
    

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64. Goto
    loop:
    echo "Woooooo";
    goto loop;
    echo "This line of code is never reached.";
    

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65. Goto
    • Must be within the same file & context
    • Cannot jump into or out of a function
    • Cannot jump into a loop, or switch
    • You can jump out of a loop/switch
    !59
    

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66. Thank You
    Feedback:
    Twitter: @dshafik
    Email: davey@engineyard.com
    !
    Slides:
    http://daveyshafik.com/slides
    

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