[WNYRuby/Buffalo PHP] Ruby and PHP, Sitting in a tree: C.O.D.I.N.G.

Every day I meet Ruby developers who are still using PHP on a daily basis, either professionally or for fun — this talk aims to showcase some of its latest features that you might have missed which can make your life easier.

If the last time you looked at PHPs release notes they had recently released a revamped object model, you’ve missed out on a lot. PHP has grown up and it’s time for the way you work with it to mature also.

Best practices, mature tooling, and fancy new features all come together to make PHP a very different language to what you might have left behind.

Who knows, perhaps you’ll fall in like with it all over again.

Transcript

1. Ruby and PHP Sitting in a Tree: C.O.D.I.N.G.
2. •Community Engineer at Engine Yard •Author of Zend PHP 5 Certification Study Guide, Sitepoints PHP Anthology: 101 Essential Tips, Tricks & Hacks & PHP Master: Write Cutting Edge Code •A contributor to Zend Framework 1 & 2, phpdocs, and PHP internals • @dshafik Davey Shafik
3. BULLET • Bullet point • Bullet point • Bullet point BULLET • Bullet point • Bullet point • Bullet point BULLET • Bullet point • Bullet point • Bullet point BULLET • Bullet point • Bullet point • Bullet point About These Slides
4. About These Slides • Two slides per “slide” • Title Slide (for when I’m talking) • Details slide (for later) • Nobody likes it when you can read the slide just as well as the speaker can • I like slides that are useful
5. Why am I giving this talk?
6. Why am I giving this talk? • Most Ruby developers I talk to are still writing PHP code on a regular basis. ! • Full time PHP Developer, writing Ruby for Fun ! • Freelance Ruby Developer, writing PHP for Clients ! • Full time Ruby Developer, writing PHP for Fun !6
7. They Think PHP Sucks
8. Can’t we all just get along?
9. PHP 5.3 Release Date: June 30th 2009 5-15% Faster
10. Namespaces Better Code Organization
11. Namespaces • Avoid Naming Collisions • Alias Long Names !11
12. Namespaces • Namespace Defined at the top • Relative Namespaces are Supported • Import/Alias with "use" keyword !12 <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?>
13. Namespaces !13 <?php! namespace!Zend;! use!Zend\Http\Client\Adapter\Socket!as!HttpClient;! !! $client!=!new!Http\Client\Adapter\Socket;! $client!=!new!HttpClient;! $client!=!new!Zend\Http\Client\Adapter\Socket;! ?>
14. PSR-0 A new standard
15. http://xkcd.com/927/
16. PSR-0 • Remove leading namespace separator • Replace namespace separator with directory separator • Replace underscores with directory separator • Add .php to the end !16
17. PSR-0 • Remove leading namespace separator • Replace namespace separator with directory separator • Replace underscores with directory separator • Add .php to the end !16 '\Fully\Qualified\Class\Name'.gsub(/^\\+/,'') .gsub('\\', File::SEPARATOR) .gsub('_', File::SEPARATOR)
 + '.php'
18. <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?> PSR-0
19. <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?> PSR-0
20. <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?> PSR-0
21. <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?> PSR-0
22. <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?> PSR-0
23. <?php namespace Zend\Http\Client\Adapter; class Socket implements HttpAdapter, StreamInterface { } ?> PSR-0
24. Composer getcomposer.org
25. Bundler for PHP JSON instead of YAML
26. Composer composer.json:! {! !!!!"require":!{! !!!!!!!!"monolog/monolog":!"1.2.*",! !!!!!!!!"phpunit/phpunit":!"3.*",! !!!!!!!!"zend/zendframework":!">=2.0,!<!3.0",! !!!!!!!!"zend/zendframework":!"~2.0"!!!!!!! !!!!}! }
27. Composer Install dependencies (from composer.lock) $ composer install ! Update dependencies & write composer.lock $ composer update
28. Autoloading <?php require 'vendor/autoload.php'; ! use Zend\Http\Client\Adapter\Socket as HttpClient; $client = new HttpClient; 
 // Automagically (lazy) loaded ! Optimize the Autoloader with a classmap: $ composer install --optimize-autoloader $ composer update --optimize-autoloader
29. Closures (mostly)
30. Closures <?php $a = array(3, 2, 5, 6, 1); usort($a, function ($a, $b) { if ($a == $b) { return 0; } return ($a < $b) ? -1 : 1; }); ?>
31. PHP 5.4 Release Date: March 1st 2012 10-15% Faster (again)
32. Short Echo Tags <?="Now I Will Always Work!";?>
33. Traits Horizontal Re-use Compile-Time Copy & Paste
34. Traits trait getHello { public function hello() { return "Hello"; } } trait getWorld { public function world() { return "World"; } } trait sayHelloWorld { use getHello, getWorld; public function helloWorld() { echo $this->hello(), " ", $this->world(); } } class Greeting { use sayHelloWorld; } (new Greeting)->helloWorld(); // Hello World
35. Traits class!Greeting!{! !!!!use!sayHelloWorld!{! !!!!!!!!hello!as!private;! !!!!!!!!world!as!protected;! !!!}! }! ! class!InformalGreeting!extends!Greeting!{! !!!!use!sayHelloWorld!{! !!!!!!!helloWorld!as:hiThere;! !!!}! }! ! (new!InformalGreeting)=>hiThere();!//"Hello"World
36. Closure Improvements
37. Closure Improvements • Early binding on $this (now for the object in which it was created, instead of null) • Can change with $closure->bindTo()/ Closure::bindTo() • Can set scope and $this to different things (watch out!) !32
38. Callbacks
39. Callbacks function invokeCallback(callable $var) { $var(); } invokeCallback(function() { }); invokeCallback("functionName"); invokeCallback(['class', 'staticMethod']); invokeCallback([$object, 'method']); class Foo { public function __invoke() { } } invokeCallback(new Foo());
40. Short Array Syntax ["foo",!"bar",!"baz"]! !! ["foo"!=>!"bar",!"baz"!=>!"bat"]
41. Dereferencing
42. Dereferencing function!bat()!{! !!!!return!["foo",!"bar"];! }! !! $foo!=!bat()[1];!//"bar! ! PHP 5.5+ ! $foo!=!["foo",!"bar"][1];!//"bar! ! $foo!=!"foo"[1];!//"o! !! function!baz()!{! !!!!return!"foo";! }! !! $foo!=!baz()[1];!//"o
43. PHP 5.5 Release Date: June 20th 2013
44. Generators Simple Iterators
45. Generators function gen() { echo 'start'; yield 'middle'; echo 'end'; } // Initial call does not output anything, returns an instance of // the Generator class $gen = gen(); // Call to current() resumes the generator, thus "start" is output. // Then the yield expression is hit and the string "middle" is // returned as the result of current() and then output. echo $gen->current(); // Execution of the generator is resumed again, thus echoing "end" $gen->next();
46. Generators function ifile($filename) { if (!$fh = fopen($filename, 'r')) { return; } while (($line = fgets($fh)) !== false) { yield $line; } fclose($fh); } // $lines is an instance of the Generator class $lines = ifile('/path/to/file'); foreach ($lines as $line) { // do something with $line }
47. Generators • Co-Routines: Send data in to generators with 
 ->send() • Send and Receive data at the same time • Send Exceptions into the Generator with 
 ->throw() !42
48. Generators function!PasswordGenerator($min!=!1,!$max!=!null)!{: !!!!$chr!=!array_combine(range(32,!126),!array_map('chr',!range(32,!126)));! !!!!$ord!=!array_flip($chr);! !!!!$first!=!reset($chr);! !!!!$last!=!end($chr);! !!!!$length!=!$min;! !!!!$password!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$first);! !!!!$stop!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$last);! !!!!$end!=!$length!=!1;! !!!!while!($max!?!$max!>=!$length!:!true)!{! !!!!!!!!yield!implode('',!$password);! !!!!!!!!if!($password!==!$stop)!{! !!!!!!!!!!!!$length++;! !!!!!!!!!!!!$password!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$first);! !!!!!!!!!!!!$stop!=!array_fill(0,!$length,!$last);! !!!!!!!!!!!!$end!=!$length!=!1;! !!!!!!!!}!else!{! !!!!!!!!!!!!for!($left!=!$end;!isset($password[$left])! ! ! ! !&&!$password[$left]!==!$last;!$left==);! !!!!!!!!!!!!if!(isset($password[$left])!&&!$password[$left]!!=!$last)!{! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$password[$left]!=!$chr[$ord[$password[$left]]!+!1];! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!for!($index!=!$left!+!1;!$index!<!$length;!$index++)!{! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$password[$index]!=!$first;! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!}! !!!!!!!!!!!!}! !!!!!!!!}! !!!!}! } class!PasswordIterator!implements!Iterator! {! ! protected!$length;! ! protected!$min;! ! protected!$max;! ! protected!$counter;! ! protected!$password;! ! protected!$chr;! ! protected!$ord;! ! protected!$first;! ! protected!$last;! ! protected!$end;! ! protected!$stop;! ! public!function!__construct($min!=!1,!$max!=!null)!{: ! ! $this=>min!=!$min;! ! ! $this=>max!=!$max;! ! ! $this=>chr!=!array_combine(range(32,!126),!array_map('chr',!range(32,!126)));! ! ! $this=>ord!=!array_flip($this=>chr);! ! ! $this=>first!=!reset($this=>chr);! ! ! $this=>last!=!end($this=>chr);! ! ! $this=>rewind();! ! }! ! protected!function!increment()!{: ! ! $this=>length++;! ! ! $this=>password!=!array_fill(0,!$this=>length,!$this=>first);! ! ! $this=>stop!=!array_fill(0,!$this=>length,!$this=>last);! ! ! $this=>end!=!$this=>length!=!1;! ! }! ! public!function!rewind()!{: ! ! $this=>length!=!$this=>min!=!1;! ! ! $this=>counter!=!1;! ! ! $this=>increment();! ! }! ! public!function!current()!{: ! ! return!implode('',!$this=>password);! ! }! ! public!function!key()!{: ! ! return!$this=>counter;! ! }! ! public!function!next()!{: ! ! $this=>counter++;! ! ! if!($this=>password!==!$this=>stop)!{! ! ! ! $this=>increment();! ! ! }!else!{! ! ! ! for!($left!=!$this=>end;!isset($this=>password[$left])!! ! ! ! ! &&!$this=>password[$left]!==!$this=>last;!$left==);! ! ! ! if!(isset($this=>password[$left])!&&!$this=>password[$left]!!=!$this=>last)!{! ! ! ! ! $this=>password[$left]!=!$this=>chr[$this=>ord[$this=>password[$left]]!+!1];! ! ! ! ! for!($index!=!$left!+!1;!$index!<!$this=>length;!$index++)!{! ! ! ! ! ! $this=>password[$index]!=!$this=>first;! ! ! ! ! }! ! ! ! }! ! ! }! ! }! ! public!function!valid()!{: ! ! return!$this=>max!?!($this=>max!>=!$this=>length)!:!true;! ! }! } Generator Iterator
49. finally (finally!)
50. “finally” keyword !45 • Code within a finally block always is run after either of the try, or catch blocks. try { // Try something } catch (\Exception $exception) { // Handle exception } finally { // Whatever happened, do this }
51. Behat Cucumber for PHP behat.org
52. Behat: Gherkin Syntax Feature: Multiple site support Background: Given a global administrator named "Greg" And a blog named "Greg's anti-tax rants" And a customer named "Wilson" And a blog named "Expensive Therapy" owned by "Wilson" Scenario: Wilson posts to his own blog Given I am logged in as Wilson When I try to post to "Expensive Therapy" Then I should see "Your article was published." Scenario: Greg posts to a client's blog Given I am logged in as Greg When I try to post to "Expensive Therapy" Then I should see "Your article was published."
53. Mink Behat Plugin for Headless Browser Support
54. Behat: Mink • Goutte (PHP-based) • Sahi • Zombie.js • Selenium/Selenium 2 !49
55. CodeCeption Acceptance + Functional + Unit Testing codeception.com
56. Codeception • Selenium 2 or PhpBrowser for Acceptance Testing • Built-in framework support for Functional Testing (e.g. Symfony, Zend Framework 2) • Extends standard PHPUnit tests for Unit Testing !51
57. ReactPHP Asynchronous Event-based Applications reactphp.org
58. ReactPHP $app = function ($request, $response) { $response->writeHead(200,['Content-Type' => ‘text/plain']); $response->end("Hello World\n"); }; $loop = React\EventLoop\Factory::create(); $socket = new React\Socket\Server($loop); $http = new React\Http\Server($socket, $loop); $http->on('request', $app); echo "Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8080\n"; $socket->listen(8080); $loop->run(); Uses LibEV, LibEvent or Streams Socket Select
59. ReactPHP ! • Async Redis Client • ZeroMQ, Stomp Support • Promises (CommonJS Promises/A) • Partials • GifSocket
 "Real Time communication library using Animated Gifs as a transport™" - Alvaro Videla. !54
60. Party Like It’s 1999 9 Goto
61. Party Like It’s 1999 5 Goto
62. Obligatory XKCD
63. Goto __label__(:loop) puts "Woooooooo" __goto__(:loop) puts "This line of code is never reached." Yes, that’s Ruby! Just compile with SUPPORT_JOKE! http://ey.io/ruby-goto
64. Goto loop: echo "Woooooo"; goto loop; echo "This line of code is never reached.";
65. Goto • Must be within the same file & context • Cannot jump into or out of a function • Cannot jump into a loop, or switch • You can jump out of a loop/switch !59
66. Thank You Feedback: Twitter: @dshafik Email: davey@engineyard.com ! Slides: http://daveyshafik.com/slides