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Turn features on and off without deploys. Used by thousands of Ruby developers.
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hama_du
October 19, 2018
Technology
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Google File System
Google File Systemの中身を紹介
hama_du
October 19, 2018
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Transcript
The Google File System SDDษڧձ@r-n-i 2018/10/19
֓ཁ • Google ͷϓϩμΫτ෦ͰΘΕ͍ͯͨ େنσʔλ͚ͷϑΝΠϧγεςϜ • ΦʔϓϯιʔεͰͳ͍ • HadoopͷࢄϑΝΠϧεςϜ͕ࢀߟʹͨ͠ •
ઍ ͷαʔό͔ͨͪΒΔ
※2003ͷจͰ͢
࣌ͷঢ়گ(จ͔Βൈਮ) • Dual 1.4GHz Pentium III Processor • 2GB Memory
• 80GB 5400 rpm disk ×2 • 100Mbps full-duplex Ethernet
ϋʔυΣΞͷલఏ • γεςϜΛߏ͢Δύʔπ յΕΔ • ࣓ؾσΟεΫ • ωοτϫʔΫέʔϒϧ • ͰϥοΫյ
• ҆ՁͳͷΛར༻ͯ͠ͳΜͱ͔͍ͨ͠
Ϣʔεέʔεͷલఏ • Read ΫΤϦ >> WriteΫΤϦ • ॻ͖͑ຆͲͳ͍ɺAppend(ه) ͷΈ
ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔Βݟͨ Google File System
ϑΝΠϧγεςϜʁ • ԾతͳπϦʔσΟϨΫτϦΛ࣋ͭ • ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔Βී௨ͷϑΝΠϧʹݟ͍͑ͯΔ • ϑΝΠϧͷ࣮ମ֤αʔόʹࢄஔ • POSIXޓͰͳ͍͕ͦΕͬΆ͍APIΛ࣋ͭ •
GFS্ͷ(ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔Βݟͨ)ϑΝΠϧͷ͜ͱΛҎ߱ ԾϑΝΠϧ ͱݺͿ͜ͱʹ͠·͢
ߏཁૉͷհ
ΞʔΩςΫνϟ
νϟϯΫ / Chunk • 1ԾϑΝΠϧ has many νϟϯΫ • 1νϟϯΫ
= 64MB • ෳͷϨϓϦΧ͕νϟϯΫαʔόʹଘࡏ • 1ͭͷϓϥΠϚϦʔ • NݸͷηΧϯμϦʔ
νϟϯΫαʔό / Chunk server • νϟϯΫͨͪΛ࣮ࡍʹཧతʹ࣋ͭ • ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕σʔλऔಘ࣌ʹ ͰΞΫηε͢Δ •
ଳҬͷઅͷͨΊ
Ϛελʔαʔό / Master server • ԾϑΝΠϧ(ͱͦͷΦϑηοτ)ͱνϟϯΫͷϚοϓ • ֤νϟϯΫ͕ͲͷνϟϯΫαʔόʹ͋Δ͔ • νϟϯΫαʔόͷࢮ׆ࢹ
• ૢ࡞ϩάΛه • Ϋϥογϡͯ͠෮ݩͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ
Read Operation
None
खॱ 1. (ԾϑΝΠϧ໊,νϟϯΫ൪߸) Λ ϚελʔʹϦΫΤετ 2. ֘νϟϯΫ͕͋ΔαʔόͷॴΛڭ͑ͯΒ͏ 3. νϟϯΫαʔόʹ (νϟϯΫϋϯυϧ,
νϟϯΫͰ ཉ͍͠byteͷൣғ)ΛϦΫΤετ 4. νϟϯΫαʔό͔Βσʔλ͕Β͑Δ
Write Operation
None
खॱ 1. νϟϯΫϋϯυϧ ΛϚελʔʹϦΫΤετ 2. ֘νϟϯΫͷϓϥΠϚϦʔϨϓϦΧͱ ηΧϯμϦʔϨϓϦΧͷॴΛڭ͑ͯΒ͏ 3. σʔλΛҙͷϨϓϦΧʹૹΔ σʔλΛड͚औͬͨϨϓϦΧ࣍ͷϨϓϦΧʹྲྀ͢
4. શϨϓϦΧ͕σʔλΛೝࣝͨ͠Βɺ WriteϦΫΤετΛϓϥΠϚϦʔʹૹΔ
खॱ 5. ϓϥΠϚϦʔWriteϦΫΤετΛडɺ ϦΫΤετʹγϦΞϧ൪߸Λ͚ͭΔ(ૢ࡞ͷॱংΛܾఆ) ·ͣϓϥΠϚϦʔͰૢ࡞Λ࣮ߦ 6. ϓϥΠϚϦʔ͕WriteϦΫΤετΛଞͷϨϓϦΧʹૹΔɻ ֤ϨϓϦΧϦΫΤετΛγϦΞϧ൪߸ॱʹॲཧ 7. ηΧϯμϦʔૢ࡞͕ऴΘͬͨΒͦͷࢫΛ
ϓϥΠϚϦʔʹ͑Δ 8. ϓϥΠϚϦʔ͕ૢ࡞ྃΛΫϥΠΞϯτʹ͑Δ
Write Operationͷࣦഊ • ॻ͖ࠐΈʹࣦഊͨ͠ϨϓϦΧ͕͋Δͱ͖ ΫϥΠΞϯτ σʔλૹ৴ૢ࡞͔ΒΓ͢ • ֤ͦͦϨϓϦΧͷbyteྻ͕ಉҰͰ͋Δ͜ͱΛ อূ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ •
Appendͷͱ͖֤ϨϓϦΧͷ࠷େoffsetΛΈΔ
Snapshot Operation
Snapshot Operation • ԾϑΝΠϧσΟϨΫτϦͷίϐʔΛ࡞Δ • Copy-on-Writeઓུ • ରνϟϯΫʹ Write Operation
͕དྷͨͱ͖ ৽νϟϯΫ͕ݩνϟϯΫͱಉҰͷॴʹ࡞ΒΕΔ • νϟϯΫσʔλ͕ωοτϫʔΫΛඈͼަ͏͜ͱΛ ͍Ͱ͍Δ
ࢀߟจݙ • The Google File System