Mobile Applications Development - Lecture 1

Brief History of Mobile

The Mobile Ecosystem

Mobile as the 7th mass medium

This presentation has been developed in the context of the Mobile Applications Development course at the Computer Science Department of the University of L’Aquila (Italy).

http://www.di.univaq.it/malavolta

Transcript

1. The Mobile Ecosystem Ivano Malavolta Ivano Malavolta ivano.malavolta@univaq.it http://www.di.univaq.it/malavolta
2. Roadmap • Brief History of Mobile • Brief History of Mobile • The Mobile Ecosystem • Mobile as the 7th mass media
3. Brief history of Mobile • Many generation of mobiles • G is often referred to the networking aspect – es. 2G, 3G, 4G We We We We will will will will not not not not. We We We We will will will will not not not not. We will focus on the DEVICE
4. Brief history of Mobile • Motivation: At some point a device comes and At some point a device comes and changes everything
5. The beginning…
6. The Brick Era * Picture lovely taken from http://www.slideshare.net/fling
7. The Brick Era • It was Portable! calls • It was Portable! • More expensive than payphones • Enormous battery • Stakeholders: – Stockbrokers, salespeople, … – Stockbrokers, salespeople, … • After a while, more cellular radio towers and… it got (a little bit) smaller
8. The Candy bar Era * Picture lovely taken from http://www.slideshare.net/fling
9. The Candy Bar Era • 2G network : GSM, CDMA, TDMA, iDEN calls SMS • 2G network : GSM, CDMA, TDMA, iDEN • More cellular towers less power needed much smaller • Better voice quality • Better voice quality • Added SMS • Everyone wanted to have a mobile phone – economic prosperity in EU, USA, and JP
10. The Feature Phone Era * Picture lovely taken from http://www.slideshare.net/fling
11. The Feature Phone Era • 2.5G network: GPRS calls SMS & MMS music & photos • 2.5G network: GPRS • Camera • MMS • Data-capable devices • Interneton mobile (very poor) • Interneton mobile (very poor) – high prices – poor marketing – inconsistent rendering
12. The Smartphone Era * Picture lovely taken from http://www.slideshare.net/fling
13. The Smartphone Era • 3G, HSDPA, WI-FI calls SMS & MMS music & photos • 3G, HSDPA, WI-FI • Like a feature phone, but simulating a PC • Its own OS (es. Symbian) • Larger screens, stylus • The Mobile Platform becomes key • The Mobile Platform becomes key • (push) email as primary driver
14. The Touch Era * Picture lovely taken from http://www.slideshare.net/fling
15. The Touch Era • 3G, 4G calls SMS & MMS music & photos APPS NOT a phone • 3G, 4G • Accelerometers • GPS/Location-based • User-centered design – true impact on his eveyday life NOT a phone - NOT a computer – true impact on his eveyday life • Rich interfaces • A personal media platform • Mobile web - everyday
16. Roadmap • Brief History of Mobile • Brief History of Mobile • The Mobile Ecosystem • Mobile as the 7th mass media
17. The Mobile Ecosystem
18. The Mobile Ecosystem HSPDA GPRS 4G Edge GPRS 4G WIFI
19. The Mobile Ecosystem Applications Services Devices Platforms Operating systems Application frameworks Applications Operators Networks Devices
20. The Mobile Ecosystem • Operators make the entire mobile ecosystem work • ROLE ROLE ROLE ROLE: to create and maintain wireless services over a reliable cellular network They install cellular towers • Voice • Messages • Internet access Operators cellular towers • Internet access
21. The Mobile Ecosystem Operators data source: http://bit.ly/Ajzc0o
22. The Mobile Ecosystem Mobile networks communicate through electromagnetic radio waves with a cell site base station, the antennas radio waves with a cell site base station, the antennas of which are usually mounted on a tower, pole or building. Operators Networks image from: http://en.kioskea.net/contents/tele phonie-mobile/gsm.php3
23. The Mobile Ecosystem Operators Networks data source: http://www.slideshare.net/fling/mobile-20-design- develop-for-the-iphone-and-beyond
24. The Mobile Ecosystem The PHONE – handsets or terminals in industry – handsets or terminals in industry • But also other devices such as tablets, ebook readers… Operators Networks Devices
25. The Mobile Ecosystem Feature Phone VS VS Smartphone (and touch phones) Operators Networks Devices image source: http://techcrunch.com/2011/11/28/its-still-a- feature-phone-world-global-smartphone-penetration-at-27/
26. The Mobile Ecosystem Platforms provide access to the devices They provide a core programming language in which ALL They provide a core programming language in which ALL the software is written Three main categories: • Open Source Open Source Open Source Open Source: free to use and modify – Android Operators Networks Devices – Android • Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary: by device makers – iPhone, BlackBerry, Palm • Licensed Licensed Licensed Licensed: sold to device makers – JavaME, BREW, Windows Mobile Platforms
27. The Mobile Ecosystem OS have core services or toolkits that enable apps to talk to each other and share data or services to each other and share data or services For example: OSs are common in Smart Phones, Operating Systems Operators Networks Devices but rare in Feature phones. Platforms Operating Systems
28. The Mobile Ecosystem Smartphones by Operative Systems Operating Systems Operators Networks Devices Platforms Operating Systems
29. The Mobile Ecosystem They run on top of the OS, sharing core services such as: • Communications • Communications • Messaging • Graphics • Location • Security Operating Systems Application Frameworks Operators Networks Devices • Security • Authentication • … Platforms Operating Systems
30. The Mobile Ecosystem Operating Systems Application Frameworks Operators Networks Devices Platforms Operating Systems data source: http://www.slideshare.net/fling/mobile-20-design- develop-for-the-iphone-and-beyond
31. The Mobile Ecosystem Definition: Definition: Definition: Definition: In the realm of technology, this usually refers to a computer program that runs on a website refers to a computer program that runs on a website (Google Apps), a small computing device (iPad App) or a cell phone (Android App). Example applications may include Games, Web Browser, Operating Systems Application Frameworks Applications Operators Networks Devices include Games, Web Browser, Camera or Media Player. Platforms Operating Systems
32. The Mobile Ecosystem Apps live between the device and the user Operating Systems Application Frameworks Applications APP Operators Networks Devices Platforms Operating Systems They must fit with their usage context They must know the specific device attributes and capabilities FRAGMENTATION PROBLEM FRAGMENTATION PROBLEM FRAGMENTATION PROBLEM FRAGMENTATION PROBLEM
33. The Fragmentation problem It is the inability to develop an app against a reference operating context operating context operating context operating context (OC) and achieve the intended behavior in operating context operating context operating context operating context (OC) and achieve the intended behavior in all OCs suitable for the application. OC = the external environment influencing its operation Operating Systems Application Frameworks Applications Operators Networks Devices Platforms Operating Systems
34. The Fragmentation problem for further info: http://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~damithch/files/SEKE2008.pdf
35. The Mobile Ecosystem Services Services Services Services are “everything the user is trying to do” They are often available at different levels: • Application • Application Framework • OS Operating Systems Application Frameworks Applications Services Operators Networks Devices Example services may include: • the Internet • sending a text message • being able to get a location Platforms Operating Systems
36. The Mobile Ecosystem All of these layers must be passed through before you get to the content you get to the content Operating Systems Application Frameworks Applications Services Nowadays, the mobile ecosystem is: complicated, fragmented, and a political nightmare Operators Networks Devices Platforms Operating Systems and a political nightmare RUN AWAY!!! however…
37. Roadmap • Brief History of Mobile • Brief History of Mobile • The Mobile Ecosystem • Mobile as the 7th mass media
38. Mobile Market Mass Media??? How big is the Mobile Market??? How big is the Mobile Market??? data source: http://www.slideshare.net/fling/mobile-20-design- develop-for-the-iphone-and-beyond
39. Mobile Market in 2009 data source: http://www.slideshare.net/fling/mobile-20-design- develop-for-the-iphone-and-beyond
40. Mobile Market in 2009 data source: http://www.slideshare.net/fling/mobile-20-design- develop-for-the-iphone-and-beyond
41. Mobile Market in 2009 data source: http://www.slideshare.net/fling/mobile-20-design- develop-for-the-iphone-and-beyond
42. Mobile Market in 2011…
43. Mobile Market Mobile is the LARGEST, Mobile is the LARGEST, most available mass medium TO MANKIND TO MANKIND TO MANKIND TO MANKIND TO MANKIND TO MANKIND TO MANKIND TO MANKIND
44. Mobile as the 7th mass media Each mass media has advantages and disadvantages, each Each mass media has advantages and disadvantages, each playing a significant role in society If we understand how we relate to each mass media we will understand what our customers expect from our mobile apps our mobile apps
45. Mobile as the 7th mass media Printing Press 1 Printing Press Reduced time to publish Enables information to be easily copied and distributed 1 Enables information to be easily copied and distributed
46. Mobile as the 7th mass media Recordings 2 Recordings aka recorded sound Music 2 Started as information sharing (news)
47. Mobile as the 7th mass media Cinema 3 Cinema Visual Experience Similarly to recordings, 3 Similarly to recordings, it started as information sharing (news) Intense personal experience
48. Mobile as the 7th mass media Radio 4 Radio = recordings + live broadcast Intense personal experience 4 Intense personal experience
49. Mobile as the 7th mass media Television 5 Television = radio + video Prices dropped down a TV for each home 5 Prices dropped down a TV for each home more intimate and visceral medium
50. Mobile as the 7th mass media Internet 6 Internet Computers @home, not @work Web 2.0 = interact with other users 6 Purchase, download and stream recordings Listen to radio and TV streams
51. Mobile as the 7th mass media Mobile 7 Mobile It started at the same time as the Web Unique Unique Unique Unique trait trait trait trait: it can do everything all the other media can do 7 • Reading (and publishing) • Play recordings • Watch movies • Listen to radio • Watch TV (and streaming) • Surf the Internet
52. Unique benefits of Mobile Apart from covering all the other media, mobile has 5 unique benefits: First truly personal mass media First always-carried mass media First always-on mass media unique benefits: We don’t share our phones with our friends Information is always available 24/7, even when idle 7 out of 10 people sleep with their phones within reach At the point of creative impulse Only mass media with a built-in payment channel First always-carried mass media phones within reach Universal click-to-buy + credit cards Ability to create or consume content whenever the mood strikes
53. Context CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT Mobile apps have the amazing capability to add CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT to information, adding immediate relevance to what we are doing right here, right now CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT we are doing right here, right now
54. References http://bit.ly/xSdIiS Chapters 1-2-3 http://bit.ly/xSdIiS
55. There is no “perfect app”, you have to find the sweet sweet sweet sweet spot spot spot spot Tips for the project your APP development or configuration, maintainability, and reliability costs, revenue, market share, and time to market User Goals APP usability
56. Tips for the project 1. Find a REAL REAL REAL REAL NEED NEED NEED NEED first 2. Find your GOAL GOAL GOAL GOAL to fill the need 3. Reverse Reverse Reverse Reverse Engineer Engineer Engineer Engineer the goal into a potential app 4. Remember the unique benefits benefits benefits benefits of Mobile (slide 53) 5. CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT CONTEXT – Location, camera, always-carried, accelerometer – WHO is your typical user???? Define usage scenarios
57. Tips for the project This This This This is is is is my my my my checkbox checkbox checkbox checkbox when when when when I I I I review review review review an an an an app app app app: :: : Does it have a clear goal? Is it filling a real need? Does it consider the context in which I’m using it? Is it integrated with other services? Look at http://www.programmableweb.com and discover a new world out there!! ☺ Is it a pleasure to use it? I look at UI design, interface slickness, ecc.
58. Hello World Latest Movies App