Elixir: Under the Hood

サブタイトル: Elixir を支える技術 -「落ちない」システムの秘密に迫る。

スライドと台本はこちらのブログで解説しています。
https://qiita.com/ishikawa@github/items/3d054f3d29920107687f

Transcript

1. Elixir を⽀える技術 -「落ちない」システムの秘密に迫る Elixir: Under the Hood Takanori Ishikawa / builderscon tokyo 2019
2. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Elixir: Under the Hood Elixir を⽀える技術 -「落ちない」システムの秘密に迫る
3. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. • @takanori_is • Takanori Ishikawa • ABEJA, inc. • Ex) mixi, Drecom • Developer in ABEJA Platform • ❤ Elixir and • https://github.com/ishikawa • Born in 愛媛県松⼭市
4. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Summary • Erlang & Elixir design and principal • Systems that run forever • BEAM internal • Optimizations for BEAM
5. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Erlang
6. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. History of Erlang • 1982 - 1985: Experiments using > 20 different languages • 1985 - 86: Experiments with Lisp,Prolog, Parlog • 1987: Erlang • 1993: Distribution • 1998: Open Sourced
7. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
8. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. https://medium.com/elixirlabs/anatomy-of-an-elixir-process-878030c37166
9. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
10. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Elixir
11. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Elixir Design Goals • Compatibility • the Erlang VM is Elixir’s strongest asset • Productivity • Extensibility
12. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
13. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
14. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
15. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
16. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
17. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. https://blog.stenmans.org/theBeamBook/#ERTS
18. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. 「落ちないシステム」
19. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. 「100% バグがないシステムを 作れば落ちない！」
20. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Systems run forever • Process Isolation • Fault tolerance • Self healing
21. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. The Erlang Virtual Machine: BEAM
22. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
23. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
24. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. The Erlang Virtual Machine: BEAM • BEAM (Bogumil’s/Björn’s Abstract Machine) • garbage collecting • reduction counting • non-preemptive • Interpreter loop: directly threaded • register machine
25. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
26. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
27. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Process • Heap • Stack • Mailbox • PCB (Process Control Block)
28. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. https://hamidreza-s.github.io/erlang/scheduling/real-time/preemptive/migration/2016/02/09/erlang-scheduler- details.html Erlang VM +--------------------------------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | | | | Scheduler # 1 | Run Queue # 1 <--+ | | | | | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | | | | | | Scheduler # 2 | Run Queue # 2 <----> Migration | | | | | | Logic | | +-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | | | | | | Scheduler # N | Run Queue # N <--+ | | | | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+ | | | +--------------------------------------------------------+
29. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. https://www.erlang-solutions.com/blog/erlang-garbage-collector.html
30. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Optimization
31. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. HiPE • High Performance Erlang • Native code compiler for Erlang • Including LLVM backend • Compiles individual Erlang functions
32. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. BEAMJIT • Since 2014 • Tracing JIT • LLVM backend • Future: • BEAM registers to machine registers • Cross trace optimizations
33. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. BEAM improvements • Interpreter Overhaul • Instruction size reduced • New IR: SSA based
34. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. SSA • SSA (Static Single Assignment) • Each variable is assigned exactly once, • and every variable is defined before it is used. • @variable:5 • Simplifies compiler optimizations
35. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
36. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved.
37. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Conclusion
38. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Summary • Erlang & Elixir design and principal • Systems that run forever • BEAM internal • Optimizations for BEAM
39. Copyright © ABEJA, Inc. All rights reserved. Thanks!