Magento 2 Development for PHP Developers

As one of the most popular eCommerce platforms in the world, the demand for Magento developer is at an all-time high. In this tutorial, I’ll introduce you to developing for Magento 2 and help you get up to speed quickly so that you’re ready to support and extend existing Magento 2 sites.

Presented as a 3.5 hour tutorial at php[world] 2016.

Transcript

1. 2016 2016
2. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Magento 2 Development for PHP Developers
3. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Is Your Environment Ready?
4. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld MageScotch • How many of you downloaded it in advance? • Anyone need help? • If you haven’t installed it, follow the instructions at bit.ly/ 2eYkhon
5. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About Me
6. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About Me • PHP-Based Ecommerce Developer Since 1999 • Magento Developer Since 2008; Magento 2 Developer Since 2014 • Magento Master • Founder & CEO of Creatuity Corp, Magento Enterprise Solution Partner
7. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About This Tutorial
8. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Assumptions • You’re a PHP developer • You have little-to-no experience with Magento 1 or 2 • You have a laptop and a desire to learn about Magento 2
9. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Goals • Knowledge of the basics of M2 development • A clear path to learn more • An invitation to the Magento development community
10. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Style • Light-hearted & open - have fun + don’t hesitate to be blunt • Interactive - do not hold questions to the end • Customized - want more code? More theory? Just ask!
11. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About You
12. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About You • Any Magento 1 experience? • Any Magento 2 experience? • PHP 7 experience?
13. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About You • Experience with other frameworks? • Composer? • Namespaces?
14. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About You • Dependency injection? • Service layers?
15. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld
16. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld About You • Looking for detailed code examples? • Want to get your hands dirty with some code today? • Interested more in theory?
17. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Useful Tools & Sites
18. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Useful Sites for a New M2 Dev • Magento DevDocs - devdocs.magento.com • Magento Stack Exchange - magento.stackexchange.com • github.com/Creatuity/LearningMagento2 • Alan Storm’s Sites - alanstorm.com + magento- quickies.alanstorm.com
19. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Social Media for a New M2 Dev • Twitter - hashtag #realmagento • Magento’s Developer Evangelist - @benmarks • Alan Storm - @alanstorm • And many, many others…
20. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Useful Tools for a New M2 Dev • IDE: PHPStorm • Magicento or JetBrains Magento 2 Plugin • A Vagrant or Docker image for local development • Sample code: github.com/magento/magento2-samples
21. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Useful Tools for a New M2 Dev • Magento 2 is a constantly evolving platform. Keep your skills up to date and keep an eye out for new tools to assist you.
22. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Technical Architecture of Magento 2
24. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Beginner’s Mind • If you have experience with Magento 1, try to set it aside • Magento 2 rewards Shoshin - a beginner’s mind • Start with the basic architectural concepts in Magento 2
25. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Composer • Magento 2 is built on top of Composer • Each module/extension can and should be a Composer module • This includes each core module in the Magento 2 core
26. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld PSR’s All The Way Down • PSR-0 thru PSR-4 (Autoloader)
28. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld phpunit, Selenium, JMeter, Jasmine and more all built in
29. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Advanced Front-end Tech • LESS CSS (And SASS*) • jQuery • RequireJS • Gulp.js • Magento UI Library
30. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Layers upon layers…
31. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Layers • Presentation layer • Service Layer • Domain Layer • Persistence Layer
33. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Dependency Injection • Dependencies are injected into objects that need them • “Don’t call us, we’ll call you” • Instead of building an object in your class, it’s passed in via your constructor, automatically.
34. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Dependency Injection • Reduces dependencies • Promotes loose coupling • Improves testability
35. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Dependency Injection • Magento 2 uses the Constructor Injection pattern of DI • Automatic Dependency Injection • Handled in Magento 2 via XML files
36. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Without Dependency Injection public function getFormattedPrice($sku)
 {
 $db = new DBHandler;
 $row = $db->query('SELECT price FROM products WHERE sku = ?', $sku);
 $formatter = new PriceFormatter;
 return $formatter->asDollars($row['price']);
 }
37. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld With Dependency Injection public function getFormattedPrice($sku, $db, $formatter)
 {
 $row = $db->query('SELECT price FROM products WHERE sku = ?', $sku);
 return $formatter->asDollars($row['price']);
 }
38. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Interceptors • Calls to almost any module can be intercepted and altered • Possible to intercept before, after or around a function
39. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Helpful Less-Technical M2 Concepts • Magento can power multiple websites on one installation • Websites -> Stores -> Store Views • Translation & currency exchange system built in
40. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Helpful Less-Technical M2 Concepts • Built-in CMS system • Static Blocks • Widgets
41. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Helpful Less-Technical M2 Concepts • Modular product & customer attributes • Pre-made extensions available on marketplace.magento.com • Two editions - Community Edition & Enterprise Edition
42. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld A Few Cautions • Magento 2 is a work in progress • Service contracts are incomplete • Not all core code has been refactored • Best practices are still being determined • Check devdocs, Stack Exchange best-practice tag, blogs & presentations
43. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Thoughts & Questions So Far?
44. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Setting Up a New Magento 2 Site
45. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Multiple Options • Easy Install: Download zip file, run web installer • System Integrator: Composer-based, run web or CLI installer • Contributing Developer: Clone Magento 2 repository
46. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Start with a Virtual Machine • MageScotch follows the contributing developer approach to Magento 2 development • Magento 2 repository is checked out to /opt/magento2 • It’s then copied to /var/www/public/magento2
47. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Start with a Virtual Machine • Starting with a VM simplifies the process and ensures you have a working environment • Provides you with the additional tools you need such as the proper PHP version (7) and Composer
48. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Starting an M2 Project • Understand your end goal for the project • Take time to map business requirements to existing Magento 2 functionality and modules • Complete as much as you can in the admin panel
49. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Starting an M2 Project • Any business logic customizations should be completed via a Magento 2 module • Purely cosmetic changes should take place as a custom theme • Whatever you do, don’t edit core files
50. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Writing a Magento 2 Module
51. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Magento 2 Modules • Magento 2 modules can do anything • Provide new shipping methods & payment gateway integrations • Implement entirely new ordering workflows • Make simple, minor changes to functionality
52. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Magento 2 Modules • Magento 2 modules can be implemented within your existing codebase - magento2/app/code/Namespace/ Module • Magento 2 modules can also be freestanding modules with their own Git repository you install using Composer
53. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Magento 2 Modules • All Magento 2 modules have a few things in common • composer.json • registration.php • etc/module.xml • Most also have etc/di.xml
54. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld composer.json { "name": "magento/sample-module-minimal", "description": "A minimal skeleton Magento 2 module", "type": "magento2-module", "version": "1.0.0", "require": { "php": "~5.5.0|~5.6.0|~7.0.0" }, "autoload": { "files": [ "registration.php" ], "psr-4": { "Magento\\SampleMinimal\\": "" } } }
55. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld registration.php <?php \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::register( \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::MODULE, 'Magento_SampleMinimal', __DIR__ );
56. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld etc/module.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Module/ etc/module.xsd"> <module name="Magento_SampleMinimal" setup_version="2.0.0"> </module> </config>
57. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld etc/di.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd"> <type name="Magento\Framework\Console\CommandList"> <arguments> <argument name="commands" xsi:type="array"> <item name="write_yaml_command" xsi:type=“object"> Creatuity\BlackfireCommands\Console\Command\WriteYamlCommand </item> <item name=“profile_category_command" xsi:type=“object"> Creatuity\BlackfireCommands\Console\Command\ProfileCategoryCommand </item> </argument> </arguments> </type> </config>
58. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Interesting Examples • github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/ sample-module-modifycontent • github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/ sample-module-interception • github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/ sample-module-payment-gateway • github.com/creatuity/magento2-blackfire-commands
59. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Recommendations • When building a new site, write many simple modules for each distinct customization, not one large module • Name modules in a logical manner based on the functionality they provide • Don’t reinvent the wheel. Use libraries on Packagist and open source modules where possible.
60. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Questions?
61. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Designing Magento 2 Sites
62. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Themes, Layouts and Templates • A Magento website runs a theme • Magento fully supports parent/child theme relationships • Don’t edit the core theme. Create a new child theme that inherits from the core Luma or Blank themes.
63. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Themes, Layouts and Templates • A theme consists of layouts and templates • Layouts are XML files that explain what blocks and containers appear on a page • Templates are PHTML files that contain HTML markup for a specific page or section of a page
64. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Stylesheets & Preprocessing • Magento 2 utilizes the LESS CSS preprocessor • LESS allows you to use variables, mixins and rules in your CSS • Modify LESS files and then compile them into CSS. Don’t modify CSS files directly.
65. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Sample • https://github.com/ubertheme/crafts-magento-2-theme
66. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Questions?
67. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Deploying Magento 2 Sites
69. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld No, seriously, hold on…
70. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld The official Magento 2 documentation on deploying to production…
73. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld One Option… • Upload all files to your server • bin/magento setup:upgrade • bin/magento setup:di:compile • bin/magento deploy:mode:set production • bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy
74. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Check Your Infrastructure • Magento Enterprise supports Varnish out of the box - use it • Please don’t deploy on $5/month hosting • Configure Magento to use Redis for cache storage
75. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Questions?
76. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Examples & Exercises
77. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Real World Examples • http://panhandleww.com/ • http://stickyholsters.com
78. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Exercises • What do you want to try in Magento 2?
79. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Next Steps
80. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld php[world] sessions • Magento 2 Performance Talk • Wednesday, 3PM, Ash Grove C • Automating Your Workflow With Gulp.js • Thursday, 11:30AM, Great Falls • Magento 2 Development Best Practices • Friday, 10AM, Ash Grove A
81. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Future Events • Magento 2 Performance Training - January 18th-20th in Orlando with Ivan Chepurnyi - http://bit.ly/2eAo8cz • Magento Imagine 2017 - April 3rd-5th in Las Vegas - imagine.magento.com 

82. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Stay in Touch • Never hesitate to ask questions via Twitter - @JoshuaSWarren or on Stack Exchange • Questions today?
83. @JoshuaSWarren #phpworld Go build something awesome!