Introduction to Visualization

A presentation on the keys to good data visualization, trends in the market, and how companies are using data visualization solutions.

Transcript

1. Juice, Inc.©2016 Chris Gemignani Principal chris@juiceanalytics.com Zach Gemignani Principal zach@juiceanalytics.com Introduction to Visualization
2. we craft applications that make using data enjoyable and rewarding Juice, Inc.©2016
3. Juice, Inc.©2016 Don’t be accidental Have a message Keep it simple Provide context Apply design fundamentals
4. Have a message Juice, Inc.©2016
6. “Perfection is achieved, not when there’s nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.” Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Squelch the noise needs work Juice, Inc.©2016
7. Juice, Inc.©2016 goingtorain.com
8. Juice, Inc.©2016 Show only what’s needed - nothing more
9. Juice, Inc.©2016 Leaders Laggers Norms Historical Tendencies Internal drivers External drivers Who’s the model? Who needs coaching? Who’s out of line? Is change happening? What’s driving? Whose related? Align your charts with your intent
10. Juice, Inc.©2016 1,200,000 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000 Population Counties Cork Galway Mayo Dublin Limerick Donegal Kerry Clare Roscommon Cavan Tipperary SR Kilkenny Wexford Tipperary NR Monaghan Waterford Meath Sligo Leitrim Laoghais Offaly Westmeath Louth Wicklow Longford Kildare Carlow Republic of Ireland Population Change by County 1841 2002 One metric across many Relationships across categories Outliers Find leaders, laggers, and anchors by using: Comparisons and Distributions
11. Juice, Inc.©2016 Metric for one category across time Who is changing Transitions Find historical tendencies by using: Trends
12. Juice, Inc.©2016 2000 1841 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Year Population (Millions) Metric with subcomponents Factors driving change Discover internal drivers by using: Compositions Year
13. Juice, Inc.©2016 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 -100% -50% 50% 100% 150% 200% 0 Population (1841) Population Change Cork Galway Mayo Dublin Limerick Kerry Clare Roscommon Cavan Wexford Meath Leitrim Offaly Louth Wicklow Longford Kildare Carlow Waterford Change in Population of Irish Counties from 1841 to 2002 Clustering Outliers Discover external drivers by using: Relationships Many metrics for many categories
14. Juice, Inc.©2016 www.chartchooser.com
15. Juice, Inc.©2016 Keep it simple
16. Juice, Inc.©2016 ...with ‘simplistic’ ” Garr Reynolds “Don’t confuse ‘simple’...
17. Juice, Inc.©2016 Surveying the results of psychological experiments in the 1950s “My problem is that I have been persecuted by an integer.”
18. Juice, Inc.©2016 0 2 4 6 8 10 Binary digits Numbers Letters + Digits Short words Long words Number of items we can recall
19. Juice, Inc.©2016 2,147,483,648 bytes
20. Juice, Inc.©2016 2,147,483,648 bytes 7 digits 5 one syllable words 2 seconds audio 3 visual images
21. Juice, Inc.©2016 0 1,000,000,000 2,000,000,000 3,000,000,000 Computer You Working memory capacity
22. Juice, Inc.©2016 “Easy is hard” Pat Hanrahan
23. Juice, Inc.©2016 Without context: 100 people, 100 conclusions Context gives data meaning
24. Juice, Inc.©2016 career home runs * 762 career home runs *
25. Juice, Inc.©2016 7 Barry Lamar Bonds HENRY “HANK” AARON 762 career home runs *
26. Juice, Inc.©2016 284 +4.5% v. last month -2.8% v. goal comparison to previous time period and goal 0 100 200 300 400 Q1 2009 Q2 2009 Q3 2009 Q4 2009 Goal Actual shown within broader context of overall trend and goals relevant scope in Q3 2009 new leads metric name the new “Vortex” marketing campaign drove new leads after a slow Q2 explanation of mitigating factors Types of data context
27. Juice, Inc.©2016 People context Chief Marketing Officer Marketing Analyst How does the data fit into my workflow? What expectations or assumptions do I have? How do I interpret the metric? What other information am I looking at? Does it support or contradict? Who is sharing the data? Do they have
28. Juice, Inc.©2016 Treemaps Sparklines Small multiples 3 visualization techniques worth knowing
29. Juice, Inc.©2016 See the full picture Biggest segments Movers See detail Treemaps: The cure for big data display Flip to live treemap
30. Juice, Inc.©2016 Spending by category / line item Spending by category/line item
31. Juice, Inc.©2016 Sales by title, retailer
32. Juice, Inc.©2016 Sparklines “Small high-resolution graphics usually embedded in a full context of words, numbers, images. Sparklines as datawords: data-intense, design- simple, word-sized graphics.” - Edward Tufte 20.59%Direct Traffic word-sized graphics
33. Juice, Inc.©2016 Comparison of values Sparklines add context Comparison of values
34. Juice, Inc.©2016 Sparklines add context Trend Trend
35. Juice, Inc.©2016 Sparklines add context Highest and lowest values Highest and lowest values
36. Juice, Inc.©2016 Sparklines add context Comparison to a goal Comparison to a goal
37. Juice, Inc.©2016 Step 1 Step 2 Small multiples Create a simple chart Replicate the chart for related parameters using the same structure and scale
38. Juice, Inc.©2016 http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/04/16/us/20090419-Agency-Suburbs.html displayed by CITY NY Times
    storytelling with small multiples
39. Juice, Inc.©2016 http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2008/05/30/sports/playmagazine/20080601_WOODS_GRAPHIC.html displayed by METRIC NY Times
    storytelling with small multiples
40. Apply design fundamentals
41. Juice, Inc.©2016 Looks matter.
42. Juice, Inc.©2016 Right and wrong in data visualization
43. Juice, Inc.©2016 6 principles describe how we determine visual context
44. 1) Principle of Proximity Things that are spatially close belong to a group Juice, Inc.©2016
45. 1) Principle of Proximity Things that are spatially close belong to a group Juice, Inc.©2016
46. 2) Principle of Similarity Things that are spatially close belong to a group Juice, Inc.©2016
47. 3) Principle of Enclosure Objects that are enclosed by a shape will be seen as a group Juice, Inc.©2016
48. 3) Principle of Enclosure Objects that are enclosed by a shape will be seen as a group Juice, Inc.©2016
49. 3) Principle of Enclosure Objects that are enclosed by a shape will be seen as a group Juice, Inc.©2016
50. 4) Principle of Closure We strive to perceive shapes as complete Juice, Inc.©2016
51. 4) Principle of Closure We strive to perceive shapes as complete Juice, Inc.©2016
52. 5) Principle of Continuity Objects that are aligned are perceived as a group Juice, Inc.©2016
53. 6) Principle of Connection Objects that are connected are part of the same group Juice, Inc.©2016
54. Things that are spatially close belong to a group Proximity Similarity Things that share color, size or shape belong to a group Enclosure Objects that are enclosed by a shape will be seen as a group Closure We strive to perceive shapes as complete Continuity Objects that are aligned are perceived as a group Connection Objects that are connected are part of the same group Juice, Inc.©2016
55. Increase data-ink ratio (make every pixel tell a story about your data) Fundamental rule of chart design Reduce chartjunk (remove chart elements that are decorative or ornamental) Juice, Inc.©2016
56. Remove chart-junk Images courtesy of Tim Bray: http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2003/03/13/Data-Ink Increase data-ink Increase data-ink Juice, Inc.©2016
57. Fundamental rules of table design Increase data-ink ratio (make every character meaningful) Reduce tablejunk (remove chart elements that are decorative or ornamental) Juice, Inc.©2016
58. Reduce tablejunk Juice, Inc.©2016
59. Reduce tablejunk Juice, Inc.©2016
60. Reduce tablejunk Juice, Inc.©2016
61. Objects that are aligned are perceived as a group Principle of Proximity Things that are spatially close belong to a group Principle of Continuity Juice, Inc.©2016
62. Reduce tablejunk Juice, Inc.©2016
63. Reduce tablejunk Juice, Inc.©2016
64. Increase data-ink ratio vJuice, Inc.©2016 Juice, Inc.©2016
65. Increase data-ink ratio 1 degree latitude = ~60 miles .001 degree latitude = 300 feet 0.00000000000001 degree latitude = 1 micron, the width of a very small bacteria Hence, the software must have been pirated by a bacteria Juice, Inc.©2016
66. Increase data-ink ratio Juice, Inc.©2016
67. Increase data-ink ratio Juice, Inc.©2016
68. Increase data-ink ratio Juice, Inc.©2016
69. Tables Remove gridlines Use lines or whitespace to separate areas that are conceptually different Display the smallest amount of numbers that you can to support the needs of the table Juice, Inc.©2016
70. Contrast Use contrast to draw attention Juice, Inc.©2016
71. Copyright 2010 Stanford Visualization Group Contrast Juice, Inc.©2016
72. Less effective You can use color to emphasize text. You can bold-italics your important text. You can UPPERCASE your important text. You can underline your important text. Emphasis You can add italic letters. You can bold your important point. You can use color to emphasize text. You can combine effects. Juice, Inc.©2016
73. Capital letters MAY I CRAVE YOUR INDULGENCE TO OPEN THIS BUSINESS DISCUSSION BY A FORMAL LETTER OF THIS SORT. IT IS PERTINENT THAT BUSINESS OF THIS MAGNITUDE SHOULD HAVE COMMENCED PROPERLY WITH A FORMAL MEETING OF YOU AND US TO ENABLE US KNOW OURSELVES, HAVE A FORE KNOWLEDGE OF THE NATURE OF THE BUSINESS, DISCUSS AND ACQUAINT OURSELVES WITH THE RESPONSIBILITIES AND FUNCTIONS OF PARTIES CONCERNED, AND APPROPRIATE SHARES ACCORDINGLY. HOWEVER, FOR TIME FACTOR, CONFIDENTIALITY AND PERSONALITY OF PEOPLE INVOLVED HERE IN NIGERIA, WE CHOSE THIS APPROACH FOR THE REMITTANCE OF FIFTEEN MILLION, FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND U.S DOLLARS (US$15.5M), PLEASE BEAR WITH US FOR MAKING THE INITIAL CONTACT THROUGH E-MAIL. BUT MY PARTNERS ARE INSISTING FOR A MEETING IN ORDER NOT TO FALL INTO A WRONG HAND AGAIN. Juice, Inc.©2016
74. How we read Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteres are at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a tatol mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae we do not raed ervey lteter by it slef but the wrod as a wlohe http://blogs.msdn.com/fontblog/default.aspx?p=2 Juice, Inc.©2016
75. THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER... The quick brown fox jumps over ... Juice, Inc.©2016
76. Juice, Inc.©2016 Fonts Wine Juice, Inc.©2016
77. Juice, Inc.©2016 Reds Whites Hearty, earthy, jammy, rustic Tart, sophisticated, citrusy, light Juice, Inc.©2016
78. Juice, Inc.©2016 Serif Sans-serif Hearty, rustic, somber, dignified Light, modern, smooth, simple hh Serif Serif Juice, Inc.©2016
79. Juice, Inc.©2016 Reds Whites Merlot, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling Juice, Inc.©2016
80. Juice, Inc.©2016 Serif Sans-serif Georgia Arial / Helvetica hh Serif Serif Verdana / Tahoma Times New Roman Palatino Trebuchet Juice, Inc.©2016
81. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Fonts - Simple rules Juice, Inc.©2016
82. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Body Text Clean readable text, 50-80% of your text will look like this. •10-16pt •Arial or Georgia Juice, Inc.©2016
83. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Header Use to separate and name sections •150%-200% of body Juice, Inc.©2016
84. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Notes Additional things a user should be aware of •85% of body •Lower Juice, Inc.©2016
85. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Emphasis Draw the eye to key points •Same size as body •High-impact color/bold/italic Juice, Inc.©2016
86. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Emphasis Draw the eye to key points •Same size as body •High-impact color/bold/italic Juice, Inc.©2016
87. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. History of Medicine Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, Juice, Inc.©2016
88. Categorical Lots of contrast between each adjacent color Sequential Colors can be ordered from low to high Low High Diverging Two sequential schemes extended out from a critical midpoint value Low High Critical midpoint http://colorbrewer2.org/ Color schemes for data Juice, Inc.©2016
89. Sequential Colors can be ordered from low to high Low High Juice, Inc.©2016
90. Diverging Two sequential schemes extended out from a critical midpoint value Low High Critical midpoint Juice, Inc.©2016
91. Categorical Lots of contrast between each adjacent color Juice, Inc.©2016
92. Juice, Inc.©2016 Have a message Keep it simple Provide context Apply design fundamentals
93. www.juiceanalytics.com @ juiceanalytics Chris Gemignani twitter: chrisgemignani chris@juiceanalytics.com Zach Gemignani twitter: zachgemignani zach@juiceanalytics.com Juice, Inc.©2016