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Will it make the boat go faster?

Keith Lyons
February 12, 2018

Will it make the boat go faster?

A presentation by Adam Hewitt at #ACUGCPA18 on 12 February

Keith Lyons

February 12, 2018
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  1. 12/02/2018
    1

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  2. 12/02/2018
    2
    • PA has been focused on creating a systematic record of
    performance using match and motion analysis techniques.
    • PA has evolved rapidly over the last decade to a point where
    most ‘serious’ teams have a dedicated analysts who is an
    integral member of the backroom team. However, despite the
    importance of the role it is not uncommon for analysts to have
    no or limited interaction with players (Carling, Wells & Lawlor).
    • There role has traditionally been (and I would suggest largely
    still is) to disseminate video compilations and game statistics.
    Where is PA currently?
    Performance Analysis Constraints
    • Short-term appointments: We all know the
    competitive nature of professional sport and this
    makes it hard for all sport science staff to operate
    with any long-term thinking, but can we find a way?
    • Arriving by the front door: Too often having an
    analyst can be a box ticking exercise.

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  3. 12/02/2018
    3
    “The ability of PA to resolve
    specific performance questions which directly
    inform the coaching process might be
    dependent on the coaches’ ability to clearly
    articulate and operationalise what they associate
    with success in football. This clearly might be a
    concept which some coaches will struggle with
    (Anderson 2013)
    One of the key issues with PA; it relies so heavily on the coaches
    understanding and openness. S&C coaches, the medical staff and
    sports psychologists don’t face the same issues.
    “At this point another important question might be to consider where the
    stimulus for analysis should lie; does the responsibility lie with the coach
    or the analyst team? Would we expect the coach to be proactive in
    setting specific performance related questions or is it the role of the
    analyst to proactively provide insight which the coach has not previously
    considered…
    Compared to other sports science disciplines I don’t think that
    responsibility lies with the coach as much as it does in PA. Which raise
    the point is PA a legitimate ‘stand-alone’ sports science discipline or just
    another tool available to the contemporary sports scientists and
    coaches?
    What is clear is that we need more evidence based research on
    the actually effects of PA, not just papers looking at the game
    actions themselves.
    Previous research surrounding feedback has suggested that
    performers can become too reliant on feedback and thus it
    suppresses the performer’s ability to identify faults (error
    detection) and correct faults (error correction) themselves
    (Hodges & Franks, 2008).
    Careful consideration should be given as to how and when
    information might be best delivered to the players to
    enhance its impact, ‘ultimately, a good
    performance management and analysis tool is not just a
    control mechanism but a learning system that effectively
    communicates and informs’ (Wiltshire 2013)

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  4. 12/02/2018
    4
    Performance Analysts play a very varied role
    in terms of the feedback and debriefing of
    information to the manager, wider coaching
    team and players.
    EBP
    X
    X X

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  5. 12/02/2018
    5

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  6. 12/02/2018
    6
    Measurement and
    application of
    performance analysis in
    team sports
    Typical comments about GAME STYLE:
    “As soon as I was appointed manager in 2011 the big debate
    was whether I would follow the ‘West Ham way’ which nobody
    could define, but, whatever it was, I apparently didn’t play it. The
    fans were being brainwashed into thinking that, historically, the
    club had a particular style of play which was akin to Barcelona
    which was potty.” Sam Allardyce (Big Sam 2015)

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  7. 12/02/2018
    7
    “We’ve just got to keep improving – that’s the model for younger
    teams. When you’re talking to fans it’s about coming to the
    game every week and seeing things you hadn’t seen the week
    before – whether that’s an individual player or part of our game
    style” Paul Roos (De Stoop 2015)
    “When players join our club from another club, the adaptation to our
    game style and the way we go about things can be quite significant
    early on” Matt Knights (McNicol 2015)
    “Port Adelaide and Hawthorn play a similar, attractive game style:
    fast, ambitious and uncompromising when it’s switched on”
    Matthew Agius (Agius 2014)
    The team's game plans in marquee matches in 2014-15 would be
    more streetwise, more astute…. Wenger knew he had to adapt
    Arsenal's playing style….. he knew he had got the game plan
    horribly wrong. Not only did we not have a Plan B but Plan A was
    nowhere near good enough. [http://www.goal.com/en-
    us/news/85/england/2014/10/16/5190573/no-more-mr-nice-guy-how-wenger-is-getting-tough-to-
    fuel-arsenals-]
    Principles of Play

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  8. 12/02/2018
    8
    Principles of Play Moments of Play
    Established Offence
    • Score goals
    • Possession and movement of the ball
    • Look for space
    • Unbalance defence
    Established Offence
    • Score goals
    • Possession and movement of the ball
    • Look for space
    • Unbalance defense

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  9. 12/02/2018
    9
    Established Offence
    • Score goals
    • Possession and movement of the ball
    • Look for space
    • Unbalance defense
    Transition from Attack to Defense
    • Press and pressure opposition on the ball to regain
    possession
    • Make opponents play backwards to force delay
    • Get compact to either continue to press the ball
    carrier or to get organised to defend
    Established Defence
    • Pressure zone defense
    • Limit, direct and pressure opponent in order to
    close space
    • Take away wide and deep space
    • Provoke mistakes and win ball possession
    Transition from Defence to Attack
    • Pass the ball away from defensive pressure
    • Take advantage of defensive organisation
    • Get attacking players into open spaces
    • Keep ball possession
    • Rapid offensive organisation

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  10. 12/02/2018
    10
    Set Pieces
    • ATTACKING
    • Score goals
    • Maintain possession and create goals scoring
    opportunities
    • DEFENDING
    • Prevent goals
    • Regain possesion
    Moments of Play
    Characteristic playing
    patterns
    Regularly repeated,
    relatively stable,
    predictable within
    context
    Variables of importance
    – success, excitement,
    emotion
    Player and ball
    movements
    Interaction of players
    GAME STYLE INFLUENCES
    What is game style?
    Need to develop a definition in order to measure & study it
    Game style is the characteristic playing pattern demonstrated by a
    team during games. It will be regularly repeated in specific
    situational contexts such that measurement of variables reflecting
    game style will be relatively stable. Variables of importance are
    player and ball movements, interaction of players, and will
    generally involve elements of speed, time and space [location].

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  11. 12/02/2018
    11
    Numerous performance analysis methods including notational
    analysis, video analysis and GPS tracking
    Performance Analysis
    Deeper understanding of
    game dynamics
    Improve performance
    and increase success
    BENEFITS
    Relationship of game styles
    with performance
    Evolution of sports over time
    Quantify changes in game
    styles among teams, players,
    leagues, coaches
    Insight into strategies and
    tactics commonly employed
    Game style pilot research
    Define key variables that reflect patterns of game style
    Use a range of methods to quantify variables
    Compare performance variables among a range of AFL teams
    Characterise game styles through combinations of variables
    1
    2
    3
    4
    SET PIECES
    mean z-score
    1
    0
    -1
    -2 2
    1
    0
    -1
    -2 2
    ESTABLISHED OFFENCE
    TRANSITION TO OFFENCE
    ESTABLISHED DEFENCE
    TRANSITION TO DEFENCE
    most control
    least control
    best
    worst
    MOMENTS IN THE GAME

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  12. 12/02/2018
    12
    Choose variables reflective of general
    principles of play
    [general architecture / fundamental rule set of play]
    Space
    Optimising position
    Ball movement
    Mobility
    Delay opposition movement
    Goal-side of offensive players
    Increase defensive player density
    Rapid and coordinated organisation
    [What is possible]
    Ball Speed1
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive player
    numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    1: Edgecomb & Norton (2006)
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery1
    Weighted position of turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive player
    numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    1: Vogelbein, Nopp, & Hökelmann (2014)
    Defence Offence
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of
    turnovers1,2,3
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive
    Player numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    1 2 3 4
    Champion Data (2015)
    1: Dawson, Appleby & Stewart (2005); 2: Gomez et al. (2012); 3: Lorenzo et al. (2010)

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  13. 12/02/2018
    13
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of turnovers
    Passing sequences1
    Offensive and defensive player
    numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    A
    B
    C
    B
    A C
    B
    A
    B
    A
    D
    C
    D
    B
    A
    D
    C
    A
    C
    B
    A
    C
    B
    A
    ABCD
    ABAC
    ABCD
    ABCA
    ABCA
    ABCD
    1: Gyarmati, Kwak & Rodriguez (2014)
    Team A Team B
    7 5
    1: Norton (2013); 2: Norton (2014); 3: Wallace & Norton (2014)
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Position of turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive
    player numbers1,2,3
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of
    turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive Player
    numbers
    Passes per minute1,2
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    Total number of disposals
    Time in possession
    ABC (2015)
    1: Redwood-Brown (2008); 2: Chassy (2013)
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of
    turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive Player
    numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency1,2,3
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    1: Rampinini et al. (2009); 2: Redwood-Brown (2009); 3: Sullivan et al. (2014)

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  14. 12/02/2018
    14
    15m
    30m
    50m
    40m
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive player
    numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal
    attempts1,2,3,4,5
    Goal efficiency
    1: Hughes, Robertson & Nicholson (1988); 2: Michailidis et al. (2004); 3: Olsen (1988); 4: Sotiropoulos, Mitrotasios & Traulos
    (2005); 5: Yiannakos & Armatas (2006)
    Ball speed
    Rate of ball recovery
    Weighted position of
    turnovers
    Passing sequences
    Offensive and defensive
    Player numbers
    Passes per minute
    Disposal efficiency
    Location of goal attempts
    Goal efficiency
    15m
    30m
    40m
    50m
    80%
    71%
    48%
    63
    %
    52%
    best
    worst
    SET PIECES
    ESTABLISHED OFFENCE
    TRANSITION TO OFFENCE
    TRANSITION TO DEFENCE
    ESTABLISHED DEFENCE
    most control
    least control
    mean z-score
    1
    0
    -1
    -2 2
    passing rate
    passing efficiency
    scoring accuracy
    shot at goal accuracy
    location of goal attempt
    ball speed in play period
    offensive - defensive number
    rate of ball recovery
    weighted position of turnover
    weighted turnovers punished by score
    tackles per minute of defence
    total player number in 50 m
    best
    worst
    SET PIECES
    ESTABLISHED OFFENCE
    TRANSITION TO OFFENCE
    TRANSITION TO DEFENCE
    ESTABLISHED DEFENCE
    most control
    least control
    mean z-score
    1
    0
    -1
    -2 2
    Hawthorn
    Sydney
    AFC
    GWS
    PAFC
    Carlton

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  15. 12/02/2018
    15
    Hawthorn
    Sydney
    AFC
    GWS
    PAFC
    Carlton
    -1 -.75 -.5 -.25 0 .25 .5 .75 1
    West Ham
    Leicester City
    Tottenham Hotspur
    1
    3
    7
    Manchester City
    Manchester United
    4
    5
    6 Southampton
    Arsenal
    2
    20 Aston Villa
    Norwich City
    19
    18 Newcastle
    17 Sunderland
    Bournemouth
    16
    15 Crystal Palace
    14 West Bromwich Albion
    13 Watford
    12
    10
    11
    Chelsea
    Everton
    Swansea City
    8
    9
    Liverpool
    Stoke City
    key
    -1 -.75 -.5 -.25 0 .25 .5 .75 1
    Z-score
    worst best
    Established defense
    Transition to offense
    Established offense
    Set pieces most control
    least control
    Z-score
    EPL 2015-16
    [n = 12]
    [n = 28]
    [n = 20]
    [n = 20]
    20
    18
    16
    14
    12
    10
    8
    6
    4
    2
    -3
    -2
    -1
    0
    1
    2
    Finishing position
    Z-score sum
    6
    8
    10
    12
    14
    16
    18
    20
    22
    24
    26
    1 2 3 4 5 6
    p=0.03
    Finishing position
    p<0.0001
    Z-score sum
    Future game style
    research
    • refine variables of interest
    • automation of data collection
    • computer program to analyse rapidly
    • more sports, levels, seasons etc
    • better statistical methods of comparisons and characterisation of
    styles
    • predictability of outcomes, when style A plays style B etc

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  16. 12/02/2018
    16
    High Performance Sport International
    Study Tour 2018

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  17. 12/02/2018
    17
    HPSIST Details:
    • EXSC675- International Experience
    • Dates: Approx 21st Sept to 7th Oct
    • Cost: Approx $5500
    • Included:
    • Accommodation
    • Group meals
    • Group Entertainment
    • US Domestic Travel
    • Not Included:
    • Unit Fees
    • International Travel

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