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ブロックチェーン 2.0 / Blockchain 2.0
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Kenji Saito
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March 01, 2017
Technology
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460
ブロックチェーン 2.0 / Blockchain 2.0
ブロックチェーンハブ主催で開催している連続講義 (通算第3期) ブロックチェーン基盤技術 第5回「ブロックチェーン 2.0」のスライドです。2017年3月1日(水) に使用しました。
Kenji Saito
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March 01, 2017
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Transcript
2.0 5 SFC / CSO
[email protected]
2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.1/47
2.0 / Segregated Witness Proof of Stake 2.0 — 5
— 2017-03-01 – p.2/47
2.0 1. 2. 3. 4. 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01
– p.3/47
1. Abra – Uber – as is Proof of Existence
– – (1) Everledger, Factom – – (2) 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.4/47
Abra Uber https://www.goabra.com Abra cf. Uber cf. Airbnb 2.0 —
5 — 2017-03-01 – p.5/47
Abra P2P ( ) ( ) (teller) → ATM →
ATM BTC 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.6/47
Abra 1.5% Abra 0.25% Abra (by CEO) 2.0 — 5
— 2017-03-01 – p.7/47
BTC (USD 3 ) Abra UI (2015 ) “Don’t lose
your phone!” ( ) Abra 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.8/47
Proof of Existence ( ) https://proofofexistence.com 2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.9/47
Proof of Existence ( ) ( ) OP_RETURN OP_RETURN =
⇒ (burn = ( ) ) 0x444f4350524f4f46 (‘DOCPROOF’) SHA-256 Bitcoin blockchain explorer 5 mBTC (0.005 BTC) 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.10/47
– Everledger https://www.everledger.io Factom https://www.factom.com (Merkle ) 2.0 — 5
— 2017-03-01 – p.11/47
( KVS DHT) 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.12/47
2. Segregated Witness 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.13/47
BTC / . . . 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01
– p.14/47
EPOBC (Open Assets) OP_RETURN 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 –
p.15/47
Open Assets Protocol (OAP) ( = ) 2.0 — 5
— 2017-03-01 – p.16/47
ID ID (asset ID) 1. 2. 3. 160 = ID
( ) 4. base58check ‘A’ ( = 23) (asset quantity) BTC 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.17/47
OP_RETURN PUSH 0x4f41 (‘OA’) = 2 0x0100 2 1∼9 LEB128
1∼9 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.18/47
2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.19/47
Segregated Witness ( = ) (malleability) 2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.20/47
(witness) 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.21/47
OP_RETURN PUSH 0xaa21a9ed 4 (witness) SHA-256 32 Merkle 2.0 —
5 — 2017-03-01 – p.22/47
(1) P2WPKH (version 0) (pay-to-(witnessed)-public-key-hash) witness ( ): < >
< > scriptSig ( ): scriptPubKey ( ) 0 <20-byte > 20-byte < > < > CHECKSIG 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.23/47
(2) P2WSH (version 0) (pay-to-(witnessed)-script-hash) witness: < 1 > <1
< 1 > < 2 > 2 CHECKMULTISIG> scriptSig: scriptPubKey 0 <32-byte > 32-byte 1-out-of-2 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.24/47
SegWit 2016 100 SegWit (95% ) . . . 2.0
— 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.25/47
3. 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.26/47
BIP (Bitcoin Improvement Proposal) ex. BIP 1 : BIP Purposes
and Guidelines https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0001.mediawiki ex. BIP 141 : Segregated Witness (Consensus layer) TCP/IP RFC XMPP XEP 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.27/47
4. Proof of Stake ( ) 2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.28/47
Proof of Stake ( ) 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01
– p.29/47
Proof of Stake ( ) ( ) 2.0 — 5
— 2017-03-01 – p.30/47
Proof of Stake Hn (PD + id + t +
. . .) ≤ 2n × balance d H n : n (ex. SHA-256 (n = 256)) PD : id : (ex. ) t : (ex. UNIX ( )) balance : d : (ex. ) POW 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.31/47
Proof of Stake 3 1. 2. “Nothing at Stake” 3.
51% 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.32/47
: Proof of Stake Velocity Reddcoin 2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.33/47
Nothing at Stake - 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 –
p.34/47
Nothing at Stake - 100% Proof of Stake 2.0 —
5 — 2017-03-01 – p.35/47
51% 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.36/47
. . . 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.37/47
2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.38/47
2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.39/47
→ ⇒ A. Back, et. al., “Enabling Blockchain Innovations with
Pegged Sidechains”, 2014 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.40/47
1 1 10 2 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 –
p.41/47
A-B 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.42/47
2 2 ( ) Ripple Path 2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.43/47
2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.44/47
( ) 1. 2. ( ) 2.0 — 5 —
2017-03-01 – p.45/47
OP_RETURN DNS ⇒ 2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.46/47
2.0 — 5 — 2017-03-01 – p.47/47