ブロックチェーン概論 / Overview of Blockchains

ブロックチェーンハブ主催で開催している連続講義 (通算第3期) ブロックチェーン基盤技術 第1回「ブロックチェーン概論」のスライドです。2017年1月30日(月) に使用しました。

Transcript

1. 1 SFC ks91@sfc.wide.ad.jp — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.1/55
2. ( ) SFC ( ) CSO (Chief Science Officer) 1988∼1997 ( ) 1993 M.Eng ( ) 2006 ( ) SFC 16 P2P ⇒ — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.2/55
3. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.3/55
4. 1. 2. 3. (Proof of Work) 4. 5. 6. 2.0 7. 8. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.4/55
5. 1. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.5/55
6. ( ) ( ) ← ← (TX) (TX) ← ( : ) ( ) “A timestamp server works by taking a hash of a block of items to be timestamped and widely publishing the hash, such as in a newspaper or Usenet post” “To implement a distributed timestamp server on a peer-to-peer basis, we will need to use a proof-of-work system similar to Adam Back’s Hashcash, rather than newspaper or Usenet posts” — Satoshi Nakamoto (2008) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.6/55
7. P2P ( ) (double spending) ⇒ ( ) ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.7/55
8. 2. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.8/55
9. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.9/55
10. RSA, DSA, ECDSA ( DSA) ( RSA) PKI — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.10/55
11. ( – UTXO ) M A 60BTC — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.11/55
12. ( ) 1. 10 ( ) 2. 3. 1 — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.12/55
13. End-to-End ( ) ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.13/55
14. 3. (Proof of Work) Proof of Work (POW) POW — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.14/55
15. Proof of Work . . . : Hashcash (1997) SHA-1 20 ( ) 0 1 1 / — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.15/55
16. ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.16/55
17. ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.17/55
18. POW Proof Of Work ( ) . . . — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.18/55
19. 2016 1 2 — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.19/55
20. 4. OS — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.20/55
21. (Hyperledger ) ( ) ( ) ( ) IoT / / ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.21/55
22. : . . . : Proof of Existence ( ) : — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.22/55
23. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.23/55
24. : (1600) (1865) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.24/55
25. DAO ( ) Distributed Autonomous Organization - : . . . — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.25/55
26. OS (2007) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.26/55
27. OS NPO/NGO — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.27/55
28. (Ethereum) Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” : DAO — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.28/55
29. 5. vs. IoT — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.29/55
30. vs. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.30/55
31. IoT IoT . . . ( ) I/O EVM ( ) ( ) I/O cf. ADEPT by IBM — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.31/55
32. n = f ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.32/55
33. n > 3f n P F P > 2F ⇒ — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.33/55
34. f = 1 ⇒ — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.34/55
35. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.35/55
36. The DAO ( ) “The DAO” Split ( ) 360 ETH (50∼60 ) (6/17) ( ) ( ; ) (7/20 ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.36/55
37. 6. 2.0 2.0 — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.37/55
38. 2.0 BTC ( ) ← “OP_RETURN” . . . — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.38/55
39. & Everledger — Factom — Storj ( ) — P2P — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.39/55
40. NEM (New Economy Movement) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.40/55
41. Chain NASDAQ eris mijin NEM Orb 1 Enterprise Ethereum & ; — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.41/55
42. 7. Hyperledger — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.42/55
43. (Hyperledger ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) IoT / / ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.43/55
44. ( ) ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.44/55
45. Hyperledger Fabric : IBM DAH Sawtooth Lake : Intel Iroha : Corda : R3 ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.45/55
46. R3 Corda Introducing R3 CordaTM: A Distributed Ledger Designed for Financial Services http://r3cev.com/s/corda-introductory-whitepaper-final.pdf — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.46/55
47. Corda : : — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.47/55
48. + CAP — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.48/55
49. 8. cf. (civic tech) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.49/55
50. : : : : — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.50/55
51. NPO/NGO : Google, Microsoft, etc. NPO/NGO ⇒ : (civic tech) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.51/55
52. — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.52/55
53. , etc. 400 → → — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.53/55
54. – Satoshi Nakamoto ⇓ ← ⇑ ← “OP_RETURN” ⇒ — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.54/55
55. – 3 1. ( ; ) ⇒ ( ) 2. ( ; ) ⇒ 3. ( ; ) TX ⇒ ( ) — 1 — 2017-01-30 – p.55/55