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WebViews in Flutter - Does it really work?
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Lara Martín
May 14, 2019
Programming
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WebViews in Flutter - Does it really work?
Talk given at Flutter Berlin meetup
https://www.meetup.com/flutter-berlin/events/261016228/
Lara Martín
May 14, 2019
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Transcript
WebViews in Flutter Lara Martín @lariki Does it really work?
What is a WebView?
Why we need WebViews? Perform social login Show static content
(e.g. FAQ ) Payment confirmation Use cases Making an app that is just a web Avoid for
https:/ /pub.dev/packages/webview_flutter
Setup # pubspec.yaml dependencies: flutter: sdk: flutter webview_flutter: ^0.3.6
Implementation • Not reimplemented in Dart! • Uses native WebView
• iOS: WKWebView • Android: android.webkit.WebView • But is it a Widget? • The plugin creates the native WebView • And renders it in Flutter!
Working Example
Rendering the Android WebView
Flutter Inspector
Flutter Inspector
Flutter Inspector
WebView Rendering on Android
WebView WebView Rendering on Android
AndroidView WebView child WebView Rendering on Android
WebView Rendering on Android AndroidView WebView WebViewFlutterPlugin child requires …
WebViewFactory registers
AndroidView WebView FlutterWebView : PlatformView WebView contains creates child …
WebView Rendering on Android WebViewFlutterPlugin requires WebViewFactory registers
AndroidView WebView FlutterWebView : PlatformView WebView PlatformViewController contains creates renders
Surface child … in WebView Rendering on Android WebViewFlutterPlugin requires WebViewFactory registers
AndroidView _AndroidPlatformView RenderAndroidView : RenderBox WebView FlutterWebView : PlatformView WebView
PlatformViewController contains creates renders Surface contains contains child … in WebView Rendering on Android WebViewFlutterPlugin requires WebViewFactory registers
AndroidView _AndroidPlatformView RenderAndroidView : RenderBox WebView FlutterWebView : PlatformView WebView
PlatformViewController contains creates renders Surface contains contains child … in WebView Rendering on Android WebViewFlutterPlugin requires WebViewFactory registers Surface ID
Rendering the iOS WKWebView
WebView Rendering on iOS • Similar to Android • RenderUiKitView
will render a surface created in the PlatformViewIOS • Passes an ID
WebView Widget
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
WebView Widget: initialUrl WebView( ),
WebView Widget: initialUrl WebView( initialUrl: “https://www.flutter.dev/", ),
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
WebView Widget: javaScriptMode WebView( initialUrl: … javascriptMode: JavascriptMode.unrestricted, ),
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
WebView Widget: onWebViewCreated WebView( initialUrl: … javascriptMode: … onWebViewCreated: (WebViewController
controller) { _controller = controller; }, ),
WebViewController • loadUrl(String url) • currentUrl() • canGoBack() • canGoForward()
• goBack() • goForward() • reload() • clearCache()
WebViewController • loadUrl(String url) • currentUrl() • canGoBack() • canGoForward()
• goBack() • goForward() • reload() • clearCache()
WebViewController: reload onPressed: () async { await _controller.reload(); }
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
WebView Widget: onPageFinished WebView( initialUrl: … javascriptMode: … onWebViewCreated: …
onPageFinished: (url) { // use the URL } )
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels The Power of WebViews in Flutter, by Emily Fortuna https:/ /medium.com/flutter-io/the-power-of- webviews-in-flutter-a56234b57df2
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
NavigationDelegate typedef NavigationDecision NavigationDelegate(NavigationRequest n);
NavigationDelegate WebView( navigationDelegate: (request) { bool isHost = request.url.startsWith( “https://flutter.dev”);
if (isHost) return NavigationDecision.navigate; else return NavigationDecision.prevent; } ),
WebView Widget • initialUrl • javaScriptMode • onWebViewCreated • onPageFinished
• gestureRecognizers • navigationDelegate • javaScriptChannels
javaScriptChannels WebView( javascriptChannels: {_channel}, ),
javaScriptChannels var _channel = JavascriptChannel( name: 'LaraDemo', onMessageReceived: (JavascriptMessage message)
{ print(message.message); }); WebView( javascriptChannels: {_channel}, ),
javaScriptChannels var _channel = JavascriptChannel( name: 'LaraDemo', onMessageReceived: (JavascriptMessage message)
{ print(message.message); }); Flutter side <script> LaraDemo.postMessage('Hello'); </script> HTML side
Limitations
Input Fields https:/ /github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/19718
Text Selection https:/ /github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/24584
Performance AndroidView is costly
What’s next
Loading an HTML string https:/ /github.com/flutter/plugins/pull/1312
Setting a custom UserAgent https:/ /github.com/flutter/plugins/pull/968
Page loaded correctly https:/ /github.com/flutter/plugins/pull/1389
Contributing
Contributing
Flutter is open-source. Submit a pull request!
Thanks. @lariki Lara Martín