Applying the Grammar of Greenkeeping

I discussed, in a seminar held at Copenhagen Golf Club, the principles described in my book A Short Grammar of Greenkeeping: https://leanpub.com/short_grammar_of_greenkeeping

Transcript

1. Applying the Grammar of Greenkeeping Micah Woods Chief Scientist Asian Turfgrass Center www.asianturfgrass.com 2 December 2019
2. maintenance office, Toride Kokusai GC
3. korai (Zoysia) & bentgrass greens at Toride Kokusai GC
4. tee sign at Toride Kokusai GC
9. Old Course at St. Andrews
10. Golf Course Seminar magazine, Japan
11. “The BOOK”, photo by Jonathan Smith
12. available at https://leanpub.com/short_grammar_of_greenkeeping
13. Some chapters … ▶ Defining turfgrass management ▶ Two uncontrollable factors ▶ Water ▶ Air ▶ Soil organic matter ▶ Roots
14. Defining turfgrass management
15. Kashima Stadium, Japan
16. Royal Bangkok Sports Club, Thailand
17. creeping bentgrass, Japan
18. bermudagrass and seashore paspalum, Thailand
19. Greenkeeping is managing the growth rate of the grass to create the desired playing surface for golf.
20. manilagrass putting green, Thailand
21. seashore paspalum and bermudagrass, Thailand
22. Penn A-1 creeping bentgrass, K deficiency
23. creeping bentgrass, PGA Catalunya
24. Two uncontrollable factors
25. What affects growth? Growth is a function of photosynthetic light, plant water status, temperature, and a nutrient index.1 This can be represented as the environmental productivity index (EPI). 1Each of these factors can be represented by an index that takes a value from 0 to 1. Thus, the EPI will also have a value in the range of 0 to 1. The nutrient index is primarily a function of leaf N content.
26. What affects growth? Growth is a function of photosynthetic light, plant water status, temperature, and a nutrient index.1 This can be represented as the environmental productivity index (EPI). (light)(water)(temperature)(nutrient) = EPI 1Each of these factors can be represented by an index that takes a value from 0 to 1. Thus, the EPI will also have a value in the range of 0 to 1. The nutrient index is primarily a function of leaf N content.
27. Poa annua & kikuyugrass, Gran Canaria, November
28. storm approaching, Bangkok, September
29. Light — 3 terms 1. PAR – photosynthetically active radiation 2. PPFD – photosynthetic photon flux density, measured per second 3. DLI – daily light integral, sum of PPFD from sunrise to sunset
30. creeping bentgrass 5 cm soil temperature, Japan, July
31. Festuca & Poa annua near Reykjavik, May 4
32. Simplified EPI  XXXX (light)(water)(((((((( ( hhhhhhhh h (temperature)(nutrient) = EPI
33. Temperature-based growth potential PACE Turf developed the temperature-based GP to express the actual temperature in terms of its proximity to optimum temperatures for shoot growth. GP = e−0.5(t−to var )2 where, GP = growth potential, on a scale of 0 to 1 e = 2.71828, a mathematical constant t = average temperature for a location, in celsius to = optimum temperature, 20 for C3 grass, 31 for C4 grass var = adjusts the change in GP as temperature moves away from to ; I suggest 5.5 for C3 and 7 for C4
40. Implications and use of GP ▶ mowing frequency ▶ fungicide duration ▶ heat-related stress ▶ topdressing requirement ▶ nutrient use
41. Water in the soil
46. Air in the soil
47. Novotek bermudagrass, Thailand
48. The best playing surface will be produced when the soil has just enough water to keep the grass from wilting, and the remaining soil volume will be filled with air.
49. creeping bentgrass, Kunming, China
50. Managing soil organic matter
51. in the USGA Green Section Record, November 2019
52. Recommend records of … Key performance indicators ▶ Green speed ▶ Clipping volume Cultural inputs & conditions ▶ Nitrogen applications ▶ Sand topdressing applications ▶ Growth regulator applications ▶ Daily high & low temperature ▶ Daily precipitation Surface maintenance practices ▶ Mowing height ▶ Mowing frequency ▶ Vertical mowing ▶ Grooming ▶ Brushing ▶ Rolling
54. Keya GC, Fukuoka
55. Fuji Classic GC, Yamanashi
56. Keya GC, Fukuoka
57. Bangsai CC, Thailand
58. Bangsai CC, Thailand
59. at Brookside Labs, Ohio
62. Roots on putting greens
63. creeping bentgrass, Japan
64. Golf is played on the surface, not on the roots.
65. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow the grass as high as possible
66. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow the grass as high as possible 2. Apply the right amount of N, at the right time
67. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow the grass as high as possible 2. Apply the right amount of N, at the right time 3. Make sure there is plenty of air in the soil
68. 4 things to increase roots on putting greens 1. Mow the grass as high as possible 2. Apply the right amount of N, at the right time 3. Make sure there is plenty of air in the soil 4. Make sure there is enough P in the soil
69. www.asianturfgrass.com