Dgraph - A high performance graph database written in pure Go

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. Dgraph - A high performance graph database
written in pure Go Go Conference 2018 Spring - @munisystem

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. Yuichi Saito @munisystem • Wantedly, Inc. •
Infrastructure Engineer • Microservices • Productivity • My Favorite Golang Products • Istio / Istio • wercker / stern • ory / dockertest ࣗݾ঺հ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. άϥϑͱ͸ άϥϑͰදݱͰ͖Δ΋ͷ ୔ࢁͷ8FC"QQMJDBUJPO͕άϥϑΛ಺แ͍ͯ͠Δ w ίʔυϕʔεͱґଘύοέʔδ w υΩϡϝϯτͱΧςΰϦλά
w ঎඼ͱ஫จཤྺ w ໊ࢗަ׵

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. ԿނάϥϑσʔλϕʔεΛ࢖͏ͷ͔ طଘͷάϥϑσʔλϕʔεͷ໰୊఺ %HSBQIͷ঺հ
·ͱΊ ΞδΣϯμ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. άϥϑΛ3%#.4Ͱѻ͏ͷ͸೉͍͠ w 3%#.4͸άϥϑΛϦϨʔγϣϯͱͯ͠දݱ͢Δ w άϥϑΛḷΔ౓ʹ+0*/Λ࢖͏ඞཁ͕͋Δ w +0*/͸ίετ͕͔͔Δ
w ਓɺ঎඼ɺ໊ࢗͳͲ༷ʑͳσʔλؒͷάϥϑΛදݱ͢Δʹ͸ɺҎԼͷͲͪΒ͔͔͠ͳ͍ ਓਓɺਓ঎඼ͳͲͦΕͧΕʹରͯ͠ϦϨʔγϣϯΛఆٛ ϙϦϞʔϑΟοΫͳϦϨʔγϣϯΛఆٛ ԿނάϥϑσʔλϕʔεΛ࢖͏ͷ͔

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. άϥϑσʔλϕʔε͸ݸʑͷͭͳ͕ΓϑΥʔΧεͨ͠σʔλετΞ w શͯͷσʔλ͸/PEFͱ&EHFͰදݱ͞ΕΔ w /PEF w σʔλͷΤϯςΟςΟΛࣔ͢
w FHϢʔβɺ঎඼ɺ໊ࢗ w &EHF w σʔλؒͷؔ܎ͱํ޲Λࣔ͢ w FH༑ͩͪɺߪೖɺ໊ࢗަ׵ ԿނάϥϑσʔλϕʔεΛ࢖͏ͷ͔ C

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. Index Free Adjacency w /PEF͸࣍ͷ/PEF΁ΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊͷΞυϨεΛ࣋ͭ w ୳ࡧ͸ࣗ਎ͷ࣋ͭ&EHFͷ਺͚ͩͰΑ͍
w -JOLFE-JTUͳͲͰ࣮૷͞ΕΔ w 0 Ͱ࣍ͷ/PEFΛࢀরͰ͖Δ w ྫ"͔Β#Λࢀর͢Δ ԿނάϥϑσʔλϕʔεΛ࢖͏ͷ͔ A B C

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. ॻ͖ࠐΈͷੑೳ͕௿͔ͬͨ w 3FBE͸ຆͲͷάϥϑσʔλϕʔεͰߴ͍ੑೳΛग़͍ͯ͠Δ w ໊ࢗΛࡱΔɺͱ͍͏ߦҝ͸8BOUFEMZ1FPQMFͷίΞͳମݧ w ຖ෼ຖඵେྔʹૹΒΕͯ͘Δ໊ࢗΛετΞͰ͖Δ͚ͩͷ8SJUFͷύϑΥʔϚϯε͕ඞཁ
w ͜ΕΛຬͨ͢άϥϑσʔλϕʔε͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͔ͬͨ طଘͷάϥϑσʔλϕʔεͷ໰୊఺

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. εέʔϧ͠ͳ͍ߏ଄ • αʔϏεͷ੒௕ʹεέʔϧͰԠ͡ΒΕΔඞཁ͕͋Δ w /FPK͸σʔλϕʔεଆͰͷσʔλͷγϟʔσΟϯάʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ w 0SJFOU%#͸$MBTTʢςʔϒϧʣຖʹγϟʔσΟϯάΛ͢Δ
w ͋Δςʔϒϧ͚ͩॻ͖ࠐΈ͕ܹ͍͠ɺΈ͍ͨͳέʔεʹରԠͰ͖ͳ͍ طଘͷάϥϑσʔλϕʔεͷ໰୊఺

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. (P੡ͷ෼ࢄάϥϑσʔλϕʔε w (SBQI2-ϥΠΫͳΫΤϦγϯλοΫε w H31$ͱ)551ͷαϙʔτ w ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯε
%HSBQIͱ͸

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. ॻ͖ࠐΈͷύϑΥʔϚϯε͕༏Ε͍ͯΔ w ެࣜͷϕϯνϚʔΫ w ಡΈॻ͖ڞʹ/FPKͷ໿ഒ w 1FPQMFͷ̎೥ޙΛ૝ఆͨ͠σʔλྔ 
εϧʔϓοτͰϕϯνϚʔΫΛ࣮ࢪ w εέʔϧͳ͠Ͱ଱͑ΒΕͨ %HSBQIͱ͸ https://blog.dgraph.io/post/benchmark-

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. %HSBQIͷσʔλϞσϧ w %HSBQIͰ͸άϥϑϞσϧͱͯ͠3%'5SJQMFΛ࠾༻ w 8FCϦιʔεʹϝλ৘ใΛ෇༩͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ w Ϧιʔεͷؔ܎Λ4VCKFDU
1SFEJDBUF 0CKFDUͰදݱ w 4VCKFDUࢧ఺ͱͳΔ/PEF w 1SFEJDBUFؔ܎Λද͢&EHF w 0CKFDUऴ఺ͱͳΔ/PEF %HSBQIͱ͸ <a> <is> <person> . <is> <person> . <a> <named> <Alice> . <named> <Bob> . <a> <friend> . RDF ٖࣅίʔυʹ͓͚ΔϑϨϯυϦϨʔγϣϯ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. 3%'5SJQMF Dgraphͱ͸ <a> <is> <person> . 
<is> <person> . <a> <named> <Alice> . <named> <Bob> . <a> <friend> . RDF ٖࣅίʔυʹ͓͚ΔϑϨϯυϦϨʔγϣϯ C Bob b a Alice friend named ==

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. 3%'5SJQMF w QFSTPO͕ͳ͍ w 0CKFDU4VCKFDU͸&OUJUZͱ"UUSJCVUF͕͋Δ w
&OUJUZ6TFSͳͲͷ֓೦Λද͢ w "UUSJCVUF஋Λද͢ w ຊ࣭తʹ͸ϞσϦϯάʹ͸ؔ܎͕ͳ͍ w OBNFEQSFEJDBUF͕͋ΔͳΒͦΕ͸QFSTPO w ·ΔͰ%VDL5ZQJOH Dgraphͱ͸ C Bob b a Alice friend named

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. 1PTUJOH w %HSBQIͷσʔλͷ࠷খ୯Ґ w 1SFEJDBUFͱͦΕʹඥͮ͘  4VCKFDUͱ0CKFDUΛ಺แ͢Δ w
WBMVF@UZQF͕6*% w 4VCKFDU͸&OUJUZͰ͋Δ w ͦΕҎ֎͸"UUSJCVUF w WBMVFʹ͸࣮σʔλ͕ೖΔ %HSBQIͷσʔλߏ଄ message Posting { fixed64 uid = 1; bytes value = 2; enum ValType { DEFAULT = 0; BINARY = 1; INT = 2; FLOAT = 3; BOOL = 4; DATETIME = 5; GEO = 6; UID = 7; PASSWORD = 8; STRING = 9; } ValType val_type = 3; ... ... enum PostingType { REF=0; VALUE=1; VALUE_LANG=2; } PostingType posting_type = 4; bytes lang_tag = 5; string label = 6; repeated api.Facet facets = 9; uint32 op = 12; uint64 start_ts = 13; uint64 commit_ts = 14; } Protobuf ʹΑΔ Posting ͷఆٛ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. 1PTUJOH-JTU w 1SFEJDBUFͱ4VCKFDUͷϖΞʹඥͮ͘1PTUJOHΛͻͱ·ͱΊʹͨ͠΋ͷ w ͻͱ·ͱΊʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺ͋ΔϢʔβͷ༑ୡҰཡ  ΛҰճͷ୳ࡧͰऔಘͰ͖Δ w
,74ͷLFZʹ1SFEJDBUFͱ4VCKFDUؚ͕·ΕΔ w ͦͷҝ1PTUJOHʹ͸ࣗ෼͕ԿऀͰ͋Δ͔Λ  දݱ͢ΔGJFME͕ͳ͍ %HSBQIͷσʔλߏ଄ message PostingList { repeated Posting postings = 1; bytes checksum = 2; uint64 commit = 3; bytes uids = 4; } Protobuf ʹΑΔ Posting ͷఆٛ (Predicate,Subject) -> PostingList KVS ΁ͷετΞํ๏

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. #BEHFS w %HSBQIͷ։ൃνʔϜ͕࡞੒ͨ͠(PͰॻ͔Εͨ,74 w ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯε w 3BOEPN3FBE͸'BDFCPPL੡ͷ,74Ͱ͋Δ3PDLT%#ͷഒ
w 44%΁ͷ࠷దԽ w "$*%5SBOTBDUJPOͷαϙʔτ DdgraphͷσʔλετϨʔδ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. Կނ#BEHFSΛ࡞ͬͨͷ͔ w ΋ͱ΋ͱ͸3PDLT%#Λ࢖͍ͬͯͨ w ͔͠͠$HPΛ͔ͭ͏σϝϦοτ͕େ͖͗ͨ͢ w (PͷΤίγεςϜʹ৐Εͳ͍
w QQSPGSBDFEFUFDUPS w QUISFBE@DSFBUFͰόάΛҾ͖ى͜͠ɺύϑΥʔϚϯε͕௿Լ͢Δ w (Pͷࠒ w ($͕ޮ͔ͳ͍ͷͰ$GSFF Λ๨ΕΔͱϝϞϦϦʔΫΛҾ͖ى͜͢ DdgraphͷσʔλετϨʔδ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. Կނ#BEHFSΛ࡞ͬͨͷ͔ w (PͰॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔ#PMU%#͸Ͳ͏ͩͬͨͷ͔ w #PMU%#͸3FBE8SJUFڞʹάϩʔόϧۭؒʹ͋ΔTZOD38.VUFYͷϩοΫΛͱΔ w ฒྻॲཧ͕ग़དྷͳ͍
w 1PTUJOH-JTUͷมߋʹେ͖ͳӨڹΛ༩͑ͨ DdgraphͷσʔλετϨʔδ

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. -PH4USVDUVSFE.FSHF5SFF w ίϯηϓτ͸Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩγʔΫΛগͳ͘͢Δ w ॻ͖ࠐΈͷϑϩʔ ॻ͖ࠐΈ͕͋ͬͨ৔߹͸8"-ͱϝϞϦʢ.FN5BCMFʣʹॻ͖ग़͢
ॻ͖ࠐΉͱ͖ʹ.FN5BCMFʹσʔλ͕ೖΒͳ͍৔߹͸ϑΝΠϧʹϑϥογϡ γʔΫͷྔΛݮΒͨ͢ΊʹɺϑΝΠϧ͕ଟ͘ͳ͖ͬͯͨΒϑΝΠϧΛϚʔδͤ͞Δ w $PNQBDUJPO Storage architecture of Badger

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. -PH4USVDUVSFE.FSHF5SFF Add: (muni, 30) Storage architecture of
Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Carol 30 Level 0 (Mem Table)

Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Carol 30 muni 30 Level 0 (Mem Table)

Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Level 0 (Mem Table) L W Carol 10 muni 20

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. -PH4USVDUVSFE.FSHF5SFF Set: (Alice, 20) Storage architecture of
Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Level 0 (Mem Table) L W Carol 10 muni 20

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. -PH4USVDUVSFE.FSHF5SFF Set: (Alice, 20) ... will remove
(Alice, 10) when merge Storage architecture of Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Alice 20 Level 0 (Mem Table) L W Carol 10 muni 20

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. -PH4USVDUVSFE.FSHF5SFF Add: (mike, 50) Storage architecture of
Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Alice 20 Level 0 (Mem Table) L W Carol 10 muni 20

Badger L W Alice 10 Bob 20 Level 1 L W Alice 20 mike 50 Level 0 (Mem Table) L W Carol 10 muni 20

Badger L W Alice 20 mike 50 Level 1 L W Level 0 (Mem Table) L W Carol 10 muni 20 Bob 20 Level 2

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. -PH4USVDUVSFE.FSHF5SFF w Կ͕خ͍͠ʁ w 8SJUF͕૸Δͷ͸ϚʔδͷλΠϛϯά͚ͩ w 8"-͸ॻ͍͍ͯΔ͚Ͳɺ࣮σʔλʹൺ΂Ε͹௿ίετ
w ಡΈࠐΉͱ͖͸௿Ϩϕϧ͔Βॱʹߦ͏ͷͰɺஞ࣍σʔλΛߋ৽͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ w ϑΝΠϧͷ਺͚ͩγʔΫ͢Ε͹Α͍ w ϑΝΠϧʹ͸Ͳͷ,FZؚ͕·Ε͍ͯΔͷ͔֬ೝ͢ΔͨΊͷ#MPPN'JMUFS͕͋Δ w #MPPN'JMUFS͕GBMTFΛฦͨ͠৔߹͸ͦͷϑΝΠϧʹ͸,FZ͸ඞͣଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ Storage architecture of Badger

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. "$*%5SBOTBDUJPO w ࣮૷͸.VMUJ7FSTJPO$PODVSSFODZ$POUSPM w 3FBEͨ͠ͱ͖ɺߦʹUJNFTUBNQΛ෇༩͢Δ w ผͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͰಉ͡ߦʹະίϛοτͷมߋ͕૸ͬͨ
w มߋ͸ϝϞϦʹରͯ͠ߦͳΘΕɺଞͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔Β͸ݟ͑ͳ͍ w ίϛοτͯ͠ߦͷ࣮σʔλͷUJNFTUBNQΛߋ৽ w τϥϯβΫγϣϯ಺ͰҰճ3FBEͨ͠ߦΛ΋͏Ұ౓ࢀর w طʹUJNFTUBNQ͕෇༩͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰલͷ஋Λฦ͢ ACID Transaction of Badger

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. %HSBQIΛߏ੒͢Δίϯϙʔωϯτ w [FSP w Ϋϥελͷ؅ཧϊʔυ w (SPVQʢޙड़ʣͷ؅ཧ
w όοΫΞοϓ΍γϟοτμ΢ϯͱ໋͍ͬͨྩΛ(SPVQʹ఻ൖͤ͞Δ w TFSWFS w σʔλετΞɺΫΤϦͷ࣮ߦϊʔυ w ̍ͭͷ(SPVQʹඞͣଐ͢Δ %HSBQIͷεέʔϦϯά

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. (SPVQ w ୆Ҏ্ͷTFSWFSʹΑͬͯߏ੒͞ΕΔ w ಉ͡(SPVQʹଐ͢Δશͯͷϊʔυ͸ಉ͡σʔλΛ࣋ͭ w 3BGUͷ2VPSVN
w γϟʔσΟϯάͷ୯Ґ w (SPVQʹׂΓ౰ͯΒΕΔσʔλ͸1SFEJDBUFຖʹܾ·Δ w ͭ·ΓGSJFOEʹؔ͢Δσʔλ͸શͯಉ͡(SPVQͰ؅ཧ͞ΕΔ w Ͳͷ1SFEJDBUFΛड͚͔࣋ͭ͸[FSPʹΑܾͬͯఆ͞ΕΔ %HSBQIͷεέʔϦϯά

©2018 Wantedly, Inc. w ͭͳ͕ΓΛอଘ͢ΔσʔλετΞͱͯ͠  άϥϑσʔλϕʔεΛ࠾༻ w %HSBQI͸طଘͷάϥϑσʔλϕʔε͕ ๊͍͑ͯͨ໰୊Λղܾ͍ͯ͠Δ w
ॻ͖ࠐΈͷύϑΥʔϚϯε w ਫฏεέʔϦϯά ·ͱΊ

Dgraph - A high performance graph database written in pure Go

Dgraph - A high performance graph database written in pure Go

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