Roman Sculpture

Transcript

1. Roman  Imperial  Art:   Sculpture   Reading:   Stokstad,  184-­‐209.     Range:   14-­‐400  CE   Roman  Imperial     Terms/Concepts:   spoils,  spolia,  triumphal  arch,   schema@c,  apotheosis,   con@nuous  narra@ve,   clemency,  pax  romana,   spandrel,  roundel.   Key  Monuments:     6-­‐36,  Arch  of  Titus,  Roman   Imperial,  c.  81  CE.     6-­‐47,  Column  of  Trajan,  Forum   of  Trajan,  Roman  Imperial.   113-­‐116  or  aKer  117  CE     6-­‐57,  Equestrian  Statue  of   Marcus  Aurelius,  Roman   Imperial,  c.  176  CE.     6-­‐62,  The  Tetrarchs.  Roman   Imperial.  c.  300  CE.     6-­‐65,  Arch  of  Constan@ne.   Roman  Imperial.    312-­‐315  CE.    
3. When  Are  We?   Etruscans:            c.  800-­‐300  BCE   Roman  Republic:        509  BCE  –  27  BCE   Augustus:            27  BCE—14  CE   Julio-­‐Claudians:        14  CE  –  68  CE   Flavians:              69  CE  –  96  CE   The  Five  Good  Emperors:      96  CE-­‐  180  CE   Severans:            193  CE  –  217  CE   Soldier  Emperors:          217  CE  –  284  CE   Tetrarchy:              284  CE  –  313  CE   Constan@nian:            317  CE  –  364  CE  
4. ★Rome is known fundamentally as an urban civilization Model  of  the  City  of  Imperial  Rome   Mosaic  of  the  Goddess   Roma,  1st-­‐2nd  Century  CE    
5. Titus    79-­‐81  CE   ✪   Sacked  Jerusalem  in  79  CE   Domi@an    81-­‐96  CE  
7. Arch of Titus Sacred  Way  
9. *Triumphal  Arch  
10. The  Senate  and  the  Roman  People    to  the  Divine  Titus,  son  of  the  divine   Vespasian  Augustus.  
14. The Senate granted a triumph, or an event in which victorious troops left weapons outside the city and paraded through Rome Winged  Victory   Titus  
15. Laurel  Wreath  
16. Oratory  Gesture   6-­‐19,  Augustus  of  Primaporta,  c.  19  CE  
17. The Senate granted a triumph, or an event in which victorious troops left weapons outside the city and paraded through Rome Virtus/Roma   Honos  (Honor)  
18.                               City  Entrance  
19.                               City  Entrance  
20. *Also paraded through the city was the spoils of military conquests Menorah   Standard   Standard   Standard             Sacred  Silver  Trumpets  for     Rosh  Hashanah  
21. Spoils  of  War  
22. Apotheosis   of  Titus  
23. Eagle  =  Jupiter  
24. Trajan    98-­‐117  CE   Dacia  
25. Column  of  Trajan  
26. Approx.  130  feet  tall  
27. Danube River River God (typically a reclining and perhaps monumental figure)
28. River God (typically a reclining and perhaps monumental figure)
30. Trajan
31. 6-48, Column of Trajan. Forum of Trajan. 113-116 or after 117 CE. 6-19, Augustus of Primaporta. Copy of a bronze original of c.20 BCE. Trajan
32. Dacian         Roman   Roman    Parthian  
33. Originally,  a  statue  of  Trajan,  but  now  a  statue  of  St.  Peter,  the  first   Bishop  of  Rome  
34. Marcus  Aurelius    161-­‐180  BCE  
35. Possible  Loca@on  of   the  Equestrian  Statue  
38. 6-­‐52,  Equestrian  Statue  of   Marcus  Aurelius,  Rome,  c.   176  CE.  
39. Vanquished enemy
40. 6-­‐52,  Equestrian  Statue  of  Marcus  Aurelius,  Rome,  c.   176  CE.  
41. Vanquished enemy
42. Bust  of  Philosopher,  Delphi,   c.  100-­‐200  CE.   6-­‐52,  Equestrian  Statue  of  Marcus   Aurelius,  Rome,  c.  176  CE.  
43. Caracalla  and  the  3rd  Century  Crisis   Caracalla  c. 211-217 CE “Soldier  Emperors”  
45. Schema@c  
50. ConstanPne  the  Great    307-­‐337  CE  
51. Arch  of  ConstanPne  
53. Arch of Titus. Rome. c.81 CE.
54. Trajan   Hadrian   Hadrian   Marcus  Aurelius  
56. Hadrian  
57. Hadrian  
59. Triumphal arch Triumphal arch Constantine
60. Constantine
61. Constantine Marcus Aurelius Hadrian
63. Cri@cal  Thinking  Ques@ons   1.  How  are  gestures  important  to  the   communica@on  of  emperorship  in  Imperial   Rome?   2.  What  is  a  triumph?    What  are  some  essen@al   aspects  of  a  triumph  scene?   3.  What  are  some  of  the  important  shiKs  in  the   grooming  of  emperors?    How  does  this  indicate   a  different  concep@on  of  rulership?   4.  What  is  spolia?    To  what  effect  has  it  been  used   in  imperial  poli@cal  art?