Ruby and Rails - Session 2

Transcript

1. RUBY & RAILS
   

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2. HANDS ON #1
   • Anna is 38, she is from Germany, she prefers cats, earns
   40k per year, she studied Economics
   
   • Mike is 27, he is from China, he prefers dogs, earns 40k
   per year, he studied Medicine
   
   • Svetla is 35, she is from Bulgaria, she prefers cats, earns
   80k per year, she studied Electrical Engineering
   
   • Theo is 60, he is from Germany, he doesn’t like pets, earns
   50k per year, he studied Law
   
   1. Create appropriate data structures
   
   2. Find all people who are from Europe
   
   3. Find all people who earn between 45k and 70k per year
   
   4. Find all people who don’t like pets
   

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3. HANDS ON #1 - SOLUTIONS
   https://repl.it/@nirnaeth/technicalhandson1arrays
   https://repl.it/@nirnaeth/technicalhandson1hashes
   

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4. CLASSES
   class Name
   # some code describing the class behavior
   end
   Name.new
   

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5. CLASS AND INSTANCE METHODS
   class Computer
   # instance m.
   def model
   "MacBook Pro 2015"
   end
   # class m.
   def self.brand
   "apple"
   end
   end
   laptop = Computer.new
   laptop.model
   Computer.brand
   

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6. CONSTRUCTOR
   class Computer
   def initialize(user_name)
   @user_name = user_name
   end
   end
   WAIT WAT
   

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7. LOCAL AND INSTANCE VARIABLES
   class Computer
   def initialize(user_name)
   @user_name = user_name
   end
   def greet_user
   greet = "Hello"
   "#{greet} User #{@user_name}"
   # "Hello " + @user_name
   end
   end
   

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8. ACCESSORS
   my_computer = Computer.new("Monica")
   => #
   my_computer.user_name
   NoMethodError: undefined method `user_name' for #0x00007f9d8981a910 @user_name="Monica">
   

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9. ACCESSORS
   class Computer
   attr_accessor :user_name
   def initialize(user_name)
   @user_name = user_name
   end
   end
   def user_name=(str)
   @name = str
   end
   def user_name
   @name
   end
   

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10. ACCESSORS
    attr_accessor -> getter & setter
    attr_reader -> getter
    attr_writer -> setter
    

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11. METHODS VISIBILITY
    • visibility modifiers are methods defined on the Module
    class
    
    • public by default
    
    • protected is barely used: any instance of a class can call
    a protected method on any other instance of the class
    
    • private is only callable from inside the class or
    subclasses -> won’t allow calls with an explicit receiver
    

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12. CODE EXAMPLE
    https://repl.it/@nirnaeth/technicalvisibility
    

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13. “
    Instance variable live in objects;
    methods live in classes
    -Paolo Perrotta
    in “Metaprogramming Ruby”
    

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14. RUBY OBJECT MODEL
    When you call a method, Ruby does two things:
    
    1. it finds the method (method lookup)
    
    2. it executes the method on something called self
    

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15. RUBY OBJECT MODEL - METHOD LOOKUP
    obj
    ———-
    @var = 10
    obj.my_method()
    MySubclass
    class
    MyClass
    ———-
    my_method()
    Object
    superclass
    superclass
    BasicObject
    superclass Ruby
    

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16. RUBY OBJECT MODEL - SELF AWARENESS
    • every line of Ruby code is executed inside an object called
    current object, symbolized by self
    
    • reference to the receiver that ruby holds when traversing
    the class hierarchy
    
    • only one object at a time can be self
    • when you call a method, the receiver becomes self
    • everything is an object -> in a class or a module, the role
    of self is take by the class or the module itself
    

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17. HANDS ON #2
    • Model a To Do List application
    
    • The app has an owner and zero or more lists
    
    • A list has an id, a name (mandatory) and zero or more items
    
    • An item has an id, a content (mandatory) and an expire date (not
    mandatory)
    
    • It should be possible to display all the expired items of a specific list
    
    • It should be possible to display all items of a list
    
    • It should be possible to display all lists
    
    • When an item has an expire date, that should also be displayed
    together with the name when listing the items
    
    • Lists can be added to and deleted from the app
    
    • Items can be added to and deleted from a list
    
    • Divide classes appropriately, make use of as many constructs we saw
    today
    

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18. CREDITS
    Monica Giambitto - 2017
    
    This work is licensed under the Creative Commons
    Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
    License.
    
    I don't own the right to the images unless otherwise stated. If
    you feel you rights have been violated, please contact me at
    monica.giambitto@protonmail.ch
    
    To view a copy of this license visit 

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
    
    You can find the slides on speakerdeck.com/nirnaeth
    

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19. THANKS!
    @KFMOLLI
    GITHUB.COM/NIRNAETH
    SPEAKERDECK.COM/NIRNAETH
    

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