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地図 [データ] と著作権
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Satoshi IIDA
February 06, 2018
Education
5
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地図 [データ] と著作権
青空文庫×StudyCode×ssmjp
2018年2月6日
https://ssmjp.connpass.com/event/74186/
LT発表スライド
Satoshi IIDA
February 06, 2018
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Transcript
ਤ [σʔλ] ͱஶ࡞ݖ ͍͍ͩ͞ͱ͠ @nyampire
͋ͳͨͩΕ • Georepublic Japan: Member • OpenStreetMap Foundation Japan: ෭ཧࣄ
• ͦͷଞ • Code for Japanͷ͓ख͍ • Global OpenData Indexͷ࠾ͨ͠Γͱ͔ • ްੜ࿑ಇলͷϒϥοΫاۀҰཡPDFΛTSVͰ·ͱΊͨΓ • ݩνΣϯδχΞͩͬͨΓɺݩJIPDECʹ͍ͨΓɻɻɻ • INAL (I’m Not A Lawyer!)
͍·ͷ͖ͪ: ͬ͐ɺਤαʔϏεͷར༻نͷ ΏΔ;Θղઆͱ͔ʹ͠ͱ͚Α͔ͬͨʂ
͍ۙٞ͠ • ۙͷɺAIʢऑ͍AIʣ ʹؔ͢Δஶ࡞ݖɾॴ༗ݖɾͷٞ • ྫ: ֶशࡁΈσʔλ୭ͷͷʁ ୭͕Ͳ͜·ͰΛ ෛ͏͖ʁ ͱ͔ɻ
• ࡒਪਐܭը2016, 2017ͱ͔Ͱٞͷ͋ͬͨ • ݩσʔλֶशσʔλͷʹରͯ͠ɺݖརॴ༗ݖͷݱߦ๏ྩԼ Ͱͷ༻ྫɺಛʹলி/ߦػ͕ؔσʔλ͢Δࡍʹɺͦͷػؔʹ ಜ͕͏߹ʹ͜͏ͳΔՄೳੑ͕͋Γ·͢Αɺͱ͍͏Ұྫ ͱͯ͠͝ཡ͍ͩ͘͞
ਤ [σʔλ] ͱஶ࡞ݖ • ਤը૾ͱਤσʔλ • ਤσʔλͷಛ • ਤσʔλͷอޢͷࠜڌ๏ •
ਤσʔλͷอޢͷྫ
ਤσʔλ ਤը૾ ਤαʔϏε ௐ࡞ۀ ଳαʔϏε ͬ͘͟Γ֓೦ਤ ↑ࠓίί͕த৺
OpenStreetMapͰͷྫ എܠͱͳΔ”ਤը૾” ݕࡧؚΊͨ”ਤαʔϏε” ਤը૾ʹɺੜݩʹͳΔ”ਤσʔλ”͕ଘࡏ
ਤը૾ͱਤσʔλ • ͜ͷεϥΠυͰͷఆٛ • ਤσʔλ: ਤը૾Λ࡞ΔͨΊͷݩσʔλ • ਤը૾Λ࡞͢ΔͨΊͷͱʹͳΔσʔλϑΝΠϧɻ • ओʹɺShapefile
GMLɺGeoJSONͳͲͷܗࣜɺGeoTiffͳͲը૾ʹରͯ͠Ґஔใ͕༩͞Εͨͷɻ • ਤը૾: ਤͷഎܠը૾ • “ਤσʔλ”Λͱʹͯ͠ɺը૾ͷܗࣜͰग़ྗ(ઐ༻ޠͰ”ௐ”)ͨ͠ ͷɻ • ϑΝΠϧܗࣜͱͯ͠pngjpgͳͲɻ • ਤαʔϏε: ࣄۀऀ͕ߦ͏αʔϏε • ਤը૾Λͬͯಛఆͷओମ͕࣮ࢪ͢ΔαʔϏεɻ • ਤը૾ࣗମɺॏͶ߹ΘͤΔ(ॏ͢Δ)ใͷར༻ʹؔͯ͠ɺαʔϏεશମͱͯ͠ར༻نΛఆΊΔ ͜ͱ͕͋͠͠ Δ(ྫ:Google MapsYahoo!ਤɺཧӃਤͳͲ)ɻ
ਤ [σʔλ] ͷಛ 1. ͻͱͭͻͱͭͷใɺࣄ࣮ใͰ͋Δʢ͜ͱ͕΄ͱΜͲʣ • ͭ·Γɺݸʑͷใࣗମʹஶ࡞ݖ͕ൃੜ͠ͳ͍ 2. ߏશମΛ௨ͯ͠ΈΔͱɺσʔλϕʔεͰ͋Δ •
ΧϥϜͷಠࣗߏʹஶ࡞ݖ͕ൃੜ͢ΔՄೳੑʢຊ๏ͷஅ্ʣ 3. ใͷऩू͕ͪΐ͏ΊΜͲ͏͍͘͞ • ݱͰͷଌྔɾώΞϦϯάʹՃ͑ɺࣄۀऀؒͷσʔλतड౷߹ͳͲඞཁ • θϯϦϯ͞ΜͳͲɺଌྔձ͕ࣾσʔλΛอ࣋ • ࡒ࢈ͱͯ͠Ձ͕͋ΓɺσʔλࣗମΛอޢɾ౷੍͍ͨ͠ɺͱ͍͏χʔζ͕͋Δɻɻɻ 4. ਤσʔλଟ͘ͷ߹ɺ༷ʑͳσʔλͱࠞͥ߹Θͤͯར༻͞ΕΔ • ݐͷਤܗɺಓ࿏ܗঢ়ɺళฮͷҐஔͱͦͷଐੑ… etc • ੍ݶͷ͔͚͔͕ͨ͘͠ɺ͞Βʹɺೋ࣍ஶ࡞ͷͲ͜·ͰӨڹ͕Δ͔ɺஅ͕ࠔ
ਤ [σʔλ] ͔Βઌͷ߹ • ਤը૾ɺਤσʔλͰͳ͍ • ਤσʔλΛௐʢʹओʹਤը૾Խʣͨ͠ஈ֊ͰɺσβΠϯ͕ೖΔ͜ͱʹΑͬͯஶ࡞ݖ͕ൃੜ͢Δ߹͕͋Δ • ୭͕࡞ͬͯಉ͡Α͏ͳ݁ՌʹͳΔɺྫ͑നਤͷ߹ɺൃੜ͠ͳ͍͔͠Εͳ͍ •
ࢀߟ: ஶ࡞ݖ๏ 106߲ɹ“ਤຢֶज़తͳੑ࣭Λ༗͢Δਤ໘ɺਤදɺܕͦͷଞͷਤܗͷஶ࡞” • ਤαʔϏεɺར༻نΛઃఆͰ͖Δ • αʔϏεΛӡӦ͍ͯ͠Δ߹ɺنͰറΕΔ ਤσʔλ ਤը૾ ਤαʔϏε ௐ࡞ۀ ଳαʔϏε ஶ࡞ݖ͕ൃੜ αʔϏεఏڙ࣌ͷنઃఆ֤ࣾͰنఆ σʔλࣗମΛ͢Δ߹ͷݖརઃఆ
ਤ [σʔλ] อޢͷࠜڌ๏ • ଌྔ๏ʁ • ຊؖࠃɺதࠃͳͲͰݦஶɻਤσʔλͷऔΓѻ͍͕ཁਃɻ • ࠃཧӃ͕ެ։͍ͯ͠ΔʮجຊଌྔՌʯ •
ओʹํ࣏ࣗମ͕ެ։͍ͯ͠ΔʮެڞଌྔՌʯ • ւ֎ͷΦʔϓϯσʔλͰɺਤσʔλΛCreative CommonsͰ͍ͯ͠Δ߹͋Γ • σʔλϕʔεݖʁ (εΠɾδΣωϦεݖ) • ԤभҎ֎ͰͲ͜·Ͱޮྗ͕͋Δ͔ɻɻɻ • ஶ࡞ݖ๏ʁ • σʔλϕʔεͷݖརͳͲͰओு • λϯϖʔδͷʮஶ࡞ݖʢΧϥϜͷΓ͚ํʹಛ͋ΔͨΊʣʯʢ౦ژࡋܾฏ12ʢ2000ʣ3݄17ʣ • θϯϦϯʹΑΔྫ • CDʹσʔλΛೖΕͨ࣌ʹɺଳ͢ΔදࣔϓϩάϥϜҰॹʹͬͪΌͬͨࣄҊ
ଌྔ๏ʹ͍ͭͯ • ଌྔߦҝΛنఆ͢Δ๏ • ຊʹ͓͚Δਤσʔλͷ࡞ɾਤը૾ͷ࡞Λنఆ • ਤσʔλͷอ࣋ऀʹରͯ͠ਃΛߦ͍ɺೝՄ͞ΕΔඞཁ͕͋Δ • ଌྔ๏29, 30:
جຊଌྔɹˠࠃཧӃਃ • ଌྔ๏43, 44: ެڞଌྔɹˠओʹ֤ํ࣏ࣗମਃ • ຊͷਤΛʮਖ਼֬ʹʯͬͯΒ͏ɺͱ͍͏จݴ͕͋ΓɺղऍͰᎍΊΔɻɻɻ • ଌྔ๏30: ֘ଌྔՌΛ༻͢Δ͜ͱ͕֘ଌྔͷਖ਼֬͞Λ֬อ͢Δ্ͰదͰͳ͍͜ͱɻ • ྫ: ਤͷҐஔਫ਼Λվળͯ͠ར༻ͨ͠Βʮਖ਼͍͠ʁʯɺਤදࣔΛݟ͘͢มߋͨ͠Βʮਖ਼͍͠ʁʯɺਤͷ໊ද هΛXXXޠʹͨ͠Βʮਖ਼͍͠ʁʯ • ཧӃʹΑΔج४ “ଌྔ๏ୈ̎̕ͷنఆʹجͮ͘ঝೝऔѻཁྖ” ͰఆΊΒΕ͍ͯΔ͕ɺɺɺ • ͳ͓ɺଌྔ๏ͷਃ͕ෆཁͳར༻ํ๏ͱͯ͠”ঝೝΛಘͣग़ॴͷ໌ࣔʹΑΓར༻Ͱ͖Δൣғ” ͱ “ঝೝΛಘͣར༻ Ͱ͖Δൣғ” ͕ఆΊΒΕ͍ͯ·͢ɻྫ͑ɺֶज़จʹ༻͢Δͱ͔ɺςϨϏͳͲͰ࣌ؒར༻͢Δ߹ɺΠϥ ετతʹར༻͢ΔɺҰ࣌తͳࢿྉͱͯ͠ར༻͢Δɺͱ͔ɻ
·͊ɺݹ͍๏͔ͩΒɺͬͯͷ͋Γ·͕͢ • ੲ͜ΜͳػցͰਤΛ͍ͭͬͯ͘·ͨ͠ (ত30ʙ60͝Ζ·Ͱ. ଌྔ๏੍ఆত24) • ਤը૾ʢਤாʣͷ࡞ɺඇৗʹߴ͍ηϯεͱख़࿅ɺͦͯ͠࿑ྗΛཁ͢Δ࡞ۀͰͨ͠ɻ • ͍·Ͱɺ୯ͳΔਤԽσʔλΛͱʹൺֱత؆୯ʹ࣮ࢪՄೳͰ͢ɻGithubʹσʔλ͋͛ͯhogehogeͰOKͳఔɻ •
વɺߴͳ͜ͱΛࢼΈΔͱɺඇৗʹߴ͍ٕज़ྗ͕ඞཁͰ͕͢ɺҰఆͷख๏ʹΑΔਖ਼֬ੑͷ࠶ݱੑ༰қɻ • ࣌ɺޡͬͨਤ͕ૈཚ͞ΕͯࠔΔɺͱ͍͏؍͔ΒॏཁͳจݴͰͨ͠ɻ • Ͱɺਤ͕ਖ਼֬Ͱ͋Δ͔ʹ࣭Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠Δ͔ɺͱ͔ͬͯɺࠓͳΒྫ͑PL๏ͱ͔ɺফඅऀอޢͷߟ͑ํͰنఆ͍͍ͯ͠ΑͶʁ ཱମਤԽػ: Internet watchʰࠃཧӃͷਤ࡞ݱΛ ϨϙʔτɺʮཧӃਤʯ͜͏ͯ͠࡞ΒΕΔʱΑΓҾ༻
ਤσʔλͷอޢͷྫ
ਤσʔλͷอޢͷྫ: ଌྔ๏ • ࠃཧӃʹΑΔɺਤσʔλ • جຊଌྔՌɺެڞଌྔՌ • ଌྔ๏ʹج͍ͮͨσʔλ੍࡞ɺσʔλɺن੍ͱೝՄΛ࣮ࢪ • ଌྔ๏ʹج͔ͮͳ͍ҐஔσʔλͷରԠ
• ଌྔ๏ʹج͍ͮͯ࡞͞Εͳ͍ਤσʔλɺྫ͑ࣗಈӡస༻ͷਤʢ܈σʔλʣɺStreet View/ߤۭࣸਅΛݩʹଌྔ๏ͷ ࡞ۀنఔͷ४ଇʹج͔ͮͣαʔϏαʔࣗͰੜͨ͠ਤσʔλɺUGCʢUser Generated ContentsʣͷରԠࠓޙͷ՝ɻ • ࠓޙɺSociety 5.0ͷྲྀΕͷͳ͔Ͱඋ͞ΕͯΏ͘ʁ
ਤσʔλͷอޢͷྫ: σʔλϕʔεϥΠηϯε • OpenStreetMap (OSM) ʹΑΔσʔλϕʔε • σʔλϕʔεɾϥΠηϯεͱͯ͠ ODbL (Open
Database License) Λ࠾༻ • ODbLCC BY-SAGPLʹۙ͘ɺϥΠηϯεͷ “ܧঝ” ͕ߦΘΕΔ • OSMσʔλͱଞσʔλͱࠞͥ߹Θͤͯɺެ։Ͱར༻͢Δࡍʹҙ͕ඞཁ • σʔλϕʔεΛͱʹͯ͠ɺྫ͑ਤը૾ͳͲͷೋ࣍ஶ࡞Λ࡞͢Δ߹ • ࡞ “Produced Workʢ੍࡞ஶ࡞, ೋ࣍ஶ࡞ʣ”ͱͳΓɺ࡞ऀ͕ࣗͰ͖ͳϥΠηϯεΛ ༩͢Δ͜ͱ͕ՄೳʢଞɺδΦίʔσΟϯά༻ͷDBऔΓѻ͍ͳͲɺCommunity Guidelineࢀর͍ͩ͘͞ʣ 04.ਤσʔλ ਤը૾ɺܳज़࡞ͳͲ ਤαʔϏε ௐ࡞ۀ ଳαʔϏε ↑͕͜͜”Produced Work”
None
ਤσʔλͷอޢͷྫ: ஶ࡞ݖ • ຊͷଟ͘ͷਤαʔϏεఏڙձࣾ • ࣄۀऀʹΑΔɺஶ࡞ݖʹج͍ͮͨओு • ਤσʔλͷൢചɾৡɺجຊతʹܖʹج͍ͮͯɺࣄۀͱ࣮ͯ͠ࢪ • ݩσʔλΛ࡞͍ͯ͠ΔθϯϦϯ͞ΜIncrementP͞Μ͕ɺܖ࣌ʹɺஶ࡞ݖΛͱʹݖརΛओு͍ͯ͠Δʁ
• ਤը૾͔ΒਤσʔλΛൈ͖ग़͢ʹٯίϯύΠϧΛ໌֬ʹېࢭ͍ͯ͠Δ߹͋Γ • αʔϏε͕བྷΉ߹ಛʹɺσʔλϕʔεͱ͚ͯͩ͠Ͱͳ͘ɺෆ๏ߦҝʢྫ: ࣗಈं DBࣄ݅ʢ౦ژࡋܾฏ14ʢ2002ʣ3݄28ʮฏ8(ϫ)10047ʯʣʣͱͯ͠ରԠΛ࣮ࢪՄ • θϯϦϯͷσʔλར༻ྫ • IncrementPͷσʔλར༻ྫ
ਤσʔλͷอޢͷྫ: ར༻ن • ਤσʔλΛ࣋ͨͳ͍αʔϏεఏڙऀ • ͞·͟·ͳσʔλϓϩόΠμʔ͔Βͷσʔλɺ͓ΑͼࣗࣾσʔλΛύονϫʔΫঢ়ʹΈ߹Θ ͤΔ͜ͱͰαʔϏεΛ࣮ࢪ • ར༻نʹج੍͍ͮͨݶͷ࣮ࢪ •
GoogleਤσʔλͷసࡌΛېࢭ͢Δʹ͋ͨͬͯɺਤαʔϏεͱͯ͠ओʹར༻نʹΑͬ ͯ༻్Λ੍ݶɻɻɻ • ͩͬͨͣͳΜ͚ͩͲɺࠓΈͨΒ©ද͕͍ࣔͭͯΔͳʁ :D • ར༻نͱͯ͠ɺېࢭࣄ߲ͷͳ͔ͷʮୈࡾऀͷݖརʢϓϥΠόγʔݖɺύϒϦγςΟʔݖɺతॴ༗ݖΛ ؚΉʣʹର͢Δෆదɺҧ๏ͳߦҝ·ͨͦΕΛ৵͢ΔߦҝɻʯͳͲͰ࣮࣭తͳར༻੍ݶΛنఔ • Apple Maps ॴ༗ݖ ͱ͍͏දݱʹͳ͓ͬͯΓɺஶ࡞ݖͱҟͳΔݖརΛఆͭͭ͠αʔϏεఏڙΛ࣮ࢪʁ • ใͷநग़ʹٯίϯύΠϧɺن্Ͱ໌֬ʹېࢭ
·ͱΊʁ • ਤσʔλڠௐྖҬͱΑ͍͘ΘΕΔͷͷɻɻɻ • ਖ਼ɺΦʔϓϯσʔλԽʹ·ͩಧ͔ͳ͍ঢ়ଶ • ւ֎ࣄۀऀʹΑΔσʔλར༻ͳͲؚΊͨɺ෯ͳݕ౼͕ߦΘΕΔ͜ͱΛظ • ͪΐͬͱͨ͠ਤը૾ͷ࡞ར༻͢Β͍͠ →ϑΣΞϢʔεಋೖʢˍଌྔ๏ͷϑΣΞϢʔε֓೦ಋೖʣΑ
• ਤը૾͔ΒσʔλϕʔεʢσʔληοτʣͷٯίϯύΠϧɺݖརతʹඍົͳײ͡ɻ • σʔληοτΛͦͷ··ެ։͠ͳ͚Εஶ࡞ݖ47ͷ7ʢใղੳͷͨΊͷෳʣͰஶ࡞ݖʹؔͯ͠ద๏ ͱͯ͠ൈ͚Δؾ͕͢Δ͕ɺ࣮ࢪ༰Λ૯ମͱͯ͠ݟͨ࣌ʹɺෆ๏ߦҝͰNGʹͳΔͷͰɻ
[guchi]ଌྔ๏ͱΦʔϓϯσʔλ • ͦͦਤ [σʔλ] ΦʔϓϯͰ͋Δ͖Ͱʁ • ͬͱ۩ମతʹݴ͏ͱɺਃෆཁͰ͑Δ͖Ͱʁ • ਤσʔλͷΦʔϓϯԽɺOpenData IndexͳͲͰࢦඪͷͻͱͭ
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