Slides presented at the ONTOCHAIN Summit for Trustworthy Internet by Vlado Stankovski, ONTOCHAIN technical coordinator & Professor of Computer Science at University of Ljubljana
CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE Click to add subtitle Location Date TRUSTWORTHY INTERNET ROUNDTABLE 01/06/2022 Berlin, ONTOCHAIN Summit Moderator: Vlado Stankovski [email protected] https://datatrust.fri.uni-lj.si/ University of Ljubljana Slovenia
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU SLIDO: QUESTIONS FOR THE AUDIENCE 2 Questions will run online during the roundtable discussion 1 What is the highest concern that you have about the (un)trustworthy internet? 2 Which type of application scenarios should we prioritise? 3 What real-world data properties can be discovered by means of consensus protocols? 4 What are the main technologies that a trustworthy internet should employ?
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU THE ROUNDTABLE 3 Stimulating thoughts from.. Rapolas Lakavičius, European Commission Ioannis Vlachos, EU Blockchain Observatory & Forum Ignacio Alamillo-Domingo, Astrea La Infopista Jurídica António Damasceno, Next Generation Internet TruBlo
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU Can we imagine semantically complex, dynamic, trust-critical data/application ecosystems? The worker observed in the video: • Is he wearing a helmet? • Which colour is the helmet? • Should he be warned? • Does he wear a safety vest? • Is he a company employee? • Is he happy? • Was he at work yesterday? • With whom is he conversating? 4 PRIVACY! SECURITY SAFETY www.decenter-project.eu
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU IS OUR INTERNET TRUSTWORTHY? NAME SOME OF THE PROBLEMS! In real-life scenarios of humans interacting with the internet, different problems have been detected, such as: • the centralization of power i.e., information and knowledge being in the hands of just a few actors, • the unknown provenance of information, e.g., fake news, • anonymity in favor of criminal activity, • personal privacy violations and personal data exploitation, e.g., the Cambridge Analytica scandal, • biases in AI algorithms, e.g., under-representation of certain social groups in training data can make AI algorithms discriminate against those social groups, • no fair rewards for quality contributions, e.g., the provision of credible reviews, • and more threats to the fundamental rights of users. 5
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU WHAT MAKES THE SEMANTIC WEB TRUSTWORTHY? • The Semantic Web is a vision about an extension of the existing World Wide Web, which provides software programs with machine- interpretable metadata of the published information and data. • In other words, we add further data descriptors to otherwise existing content and data on the Web. • A knowledge base (KB) is a technology used to store complex structured and unstructured information used by a computer system. The initial use of the term was in connection with expert systems, which were the first knowledge-based systems. • Resource Description Framework (RDF), Web Ontology Language (OWL) are W3C recommendations 6
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU HOW ONTOLOGIES CAN BE USED TO SUPPORT TRUSTWORTHINESS? • Ontology is the branch of philosophy that studies concepts such as existence, being, becoming, and reality. It includes the questions of how entities are grouped into basic categories and which of these entities exist on the most fundamental level. • Aristotle’s ontology is the philosophical study of being in general, or of what applies neutrally to everything that is real. • Plato's ontology is the theory of forms that are discovered by the exercise of reason. • Gruber’s ontology is an “explicit specification of a conceptualization. • Borst’s definition is a formal specification of a shared conceptualization. • W3C’s Semantic Web activity notably with RDF and the OWL2 Language species. 7
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU BLOCKCHAINS & THE SEMANTIC WEB: ARE THEY AT A MEETING POINT? 8 Blockchains & Semantic Web are all about building trust: ▪ Blockchain is a shared ledger ▪ Ontology is a shared conceptualisation (W3C Semantic Web) Looking for a potentially new: ▪ Ontologies and use of metadata with Blockchains ▪ Consensus protocols, application-level proofs ▪ Scalability mechanisms (e.g. using sidechains) ▪ Reputation and reasoning mechanisms ▪ Other Focus on advanced application scenarios: ▪ Semantic marketplace ▪ Part tracking, supply chains ▪ IPR/copyright management ▪ Also see: European Blockchain Services Infrastructure TRUSTED APPS
| ONTOCHAIN.NGI.EU WHAT ADVANCED DATA PROPERTIES CAN BE ACHIEVED BY USING SEMANTIC BLOCKCHAINS? 9 Addressing needs of: • Semantically complex, dynamic, trust-critical ecosystems Fostering diversity, plurality and democracy Human-rights, security and privacy
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