Rustで書いたツールのdebianパッケージングに挑戦してみた話(仮)

最近個人的に触りだしたRustというプログラミング言語について、
そもそもどういう言語なんだというご紹介(といっても、私も勉強中の身ですが)と、
Rustで書いたツールのdebを作ってみる、というところまでを目標としています。

Transcript

1. Rust Ͱॻ͍ͨπʔϧͷ debian ύοέʔδϯάʹ ௅ઓͯ͠Έͨ࿩ (Ծ) Katsuki Kobayashi ؔ੢ Debian ษڧձ 2019 ೥ 3 ݄ 24 ೔ (೔)
2. ࣗݾ঺հ ▶ Katsuki Kobayashi • ૊ΈࠐΈΤϯδχΞ • ࢖༻ݴޠ: C, Ξηϯϒϥ (ARM) • Ӭԕʹษڧத: Python, Kotlin, Ξηϯϒϥ (RISC-V), Rust ▶ Debian ͱͷ͖͍ͭ͋ • େֶ࣌୅ʹૉఢͳઌഐ͕ͨ (͏ͪݱࡏ DD2 ໊,DM1 ໊) ʹΑͬͯ෍ڭ • ݸਓతʹ͸ύοέʔδͷߏ੒ͷ౷Ұײ͕Ұ൪޷͖ ▶ Rust • ৽͍͠ݴޠ͕ษڧ͍ͨ͠ • Ͱ΋ Python ΍ Ruby ͸ωΠςΟϒͳόΠφϦʹͳΒͳͯ͘πϥ͍ • ͡Ό͋ Mozilla ޷͖ͩ͠ Rust ʹ͠Α͏
3. ࣗݾ঺հ ▶ Katsuki Kobayashi • ૊ΈࠐΈΤϯδχΞ • ࢖༻ݴޠ: C, Ξηϯϒϥ (ARM) • Ӭԕʹษڧத: Python, Kotlin, Ξηϯϒϥ (RISC-V), Rust • ࠷ۙձࣾͰ C++Λษڧͤ͞ΒΕ͍ͯΔɻλεέςɻ ▶ Debian ͱͷ͖͍ͭ͋ • େֶ࣌୅ʹૉఢͳઌഐ͕ͨ (͏ͪݱࡏ DD2 ໊,DM1 ໊) ʹΑͬͯ෍ڭ • ݸਓతʹ͸ύοέʔδͷߏ੒ͷ౷Ұײ͕Ұ൪޷͖ • ͋Μ·Γߩݙ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ ▶ Rust • ৽͍͠ݴޠ͕ษڧ͍ͨ͠ • Ͱ΋ Python ΍ Ruby ͸ωΠςΟϒͳόΠφϦʹͳΒͳͯ͘πϥ͍ • Go ͕ྲྀߦͬͯΔΒ͍͠ • ͡Ό͋ Mozilla ޷͖ͩ͠ Rust ʹ͠Α͏ ˡ?
4. ຊ೔ͷྲྀΕ ▶ Rust Λ͞ΘͬͯΈΔ • rustup ͰπʔϧνΣʔϯΛΠϯετʔϧ • Cargo ͰϏϧυͯ͠ΈΔ ▶ Rust ͷಛ௃ͷ͝঺հ • ஫ҙ: ൃදऀ΋ૉਓͳͷͰ೉͍࣭͠໰͸ճ౴Ͱ͖·ͤΜ • https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ ΛಡΜͰ͍ͩ͘͞!! ▶ Debian ύοέʔδϯάΛࢼͯ͠Έͨ࿩
5. Rust ͱ͸? ▶ Mozilla ͕։ൃͨ͠γεςϜϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠ • Servo(ઈࢍ։ൃத) ͱ͍͏ϒϥ΢βΤϯδϯͷͨΊʹ։ൃ • ҆શੑɾฒߦੑʹ͍ͭͯߟ͑ΒΕͯઃܭ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ੩తܕ෇͚ݴޠ • ֶशۂઢ͕πϥΠͱ͏Θ͞ ▶ Χχ? • Rust ϓϩάϥϚʔͷࣄΛ Rustacean(ϥετγΞϯ) ͱݺͿ • “Crustacean(ߕ֪ྨ)“ ͔Βདྷ͍ͯΔΒ͍͠ − ΦϥΠϦʔຊͷදࢴ͸ΦΦώϩόΦ΢ΪΨχ − ඇެࣜͳϚείοτ΋Χχ (Ferris ͍ͬͯ͏໛༷) ▶ Rust ͷϑΝΠϧͷ֦ுࢠ͸ .rs • Rust Ͱॻ͔ΕͨϓϩδΣΫτͷެࣜαΠτ͕ http://xxx.rs Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ • ࠃผίʔυτοϓυϝΠϯ .rs : ηϧϏΞ
6. Πϯετʔϧ ▶ rustup ΛೖΕΔͷ͕ҰԠެࣜ • curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh • ͋ͳͨͷ home dir ʹ৭ʑͱೖΓ·͢ ~/.cargo ▶ rustup ͷαϒίϚϯυͨͪ default σϑΥϧτͷπʔϧνΣʔϯΛ੾Γସ͑·͢ɻ • πʔϧνΣʔϯ: stable ͔ nightly ͔ಛఆͷόʔδϣϯΛࢦఆͰ͖Δ update ߋ৽Λ͔͚·͢ɻnightly Λ࢖͏৔߹͸ͪΐͪ͘ΐ͘࢖͏ • ͦͯͨ͠·ʹյΕΔ • յΕΔͱ͍ͬͯ΋ɺίϯύΠϥ͕͓͔͘͠ͳͬͨࣄ͸ͳ͍Ͱ͢ • 10 ೥લ͘Β͍ͷ sid ͷؾ෼ΛຯΘ͑·͢ completions γΣϧͷิ׬༻ͷίʔυΛు͘ (bash, zsh, fish, PowerShell, etc..)
7. Debian ύοέʔδͰͷΠϯετʔϧ ▶ ΋ͪΖΜ Debian ͷύοέʔδ΋͋Δ • ϏϧυπʔϧͰ͋Δ cargo ͷύοέʔδΛೖΕΔͷ͕ΑΖ͍͔͠ͱ • ҰॹʹίϯύΠϥ (rustc) ΋ೖΓ·͢ % apt show cargo Package: cargo Version: 0.33.0-1 Priority: optional Section: rust Maintainer: Rust Maintainers <pkg-rust-maintainers@alioth-lists.debian.net> Installed-Size: 9,453 kB Depends: libc6 (>= 2.18), libcurl3-gnutls (>= 7.28.0), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.2), \ libgit2-27 (>= 0.26.0), libssh2-1 (>= 1.2.5), libssl1.1 (>= 1.1.0), \ zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4), rustc (>= 1.24), binutils, gcc | clang | c-compiler Suggests: cargo-doc, python3 Homepage: https://crates.io/ Download-Size: 2,483 kB APT-Manual-Installed: yes APT-Sources: http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian sid/main amd64 Packages
8. Hello World (1/4) ▶ Rust ͷϓϩδΣΫτ͸ɺ cargo new Ͱ࡞Γ·͢ • --bin (ݱ default) ͔ --lib (چ default) Ͱύοέʔδͷछྨ΋ࢦఆͰ͖·͢ % cargo new hello Created binary (application) ‘hello‘ package ▶ ࣮ߦ͢ΔͱɺCargo.toml ͱ src/main.rs ͕Ͱ͖Δ % tree . ᵓᴷᴷ Cargo.toml ᵋᴷᴷ src ᵋᴷᴷ main.rs 1 directory, 2 files
9. Hello World (2/4) ▶ ࣮͸ϓϩδΣΫτΛ࡞ͬͨ࣌఺Ͱ Hello World ͷ൒෼͕׬͍ྃͯ͠Δ • ੜ੒͞Εͨ src/main.rs ͷத਎ˣ 1 fn main() { 2 println!("Hello,␣world!"); 3 } ▶ ࣮ߦ͢Δʹ͸ cargo run • ࣮͸σόοάϏϧυͳͷͰɺ࠷దԽΛ͔͚Δʹ͸--release Λ͚ͭΔ % cargo run Compiling hello v0.1.0 (/path/to/hello) Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.31s Running ‘target/debug/hello‘ Hello, world!
10. Hello World (3/4) ▶ গ͠ίʔυΛݟͯΈΔ 1 fn main() { 2 println!("Hello,␣world!"); 3 } ؔ਺ఆٛ fn Λ࢖͏ main ؔ਺ ໭Γ஋͸ॻ͔ͳ͍ println!() ࣮͸ؔ਺Ͱ͸ͳͯ͘ϚΫϩ (!͕෇͍ͯΔͷ͸ϚΫϩ)
11. Hello World (4/4) ▶ Cargo.toml [package] name = "hello" version = "0.1.0" authors = ["Katsuki Kobayashi <katsuki.kobayashi@gmail.com>"] edition = "2018" [dependencies] ▶ Cargo.lock (Ϗϧυ͢Δͱࣗಈੜ੒) # This file is automatically @generated by Cargo. # It is not intended for manual editing. [[package]] name = "hello" version = "0.1.0"
12. ͦΕ͡Ό͋ʜʜ ▶ ͪΐͬͱ৭ʑͱ Rust ͷߏจͱ͔ػೳΛ঺հ͠·͢ • ղΒͳ͍ or ΋ͬͱৄ͘͠ͱࢥͬͨΒ The book ΛಡΜͰ΋Β͑Ε͹ͱ − ޱ಄Ͱฉ͍ͯ΋Βͬͯ΋ྑ͍Ͱ͕͢ճ౴ʹځ͢ΔՄೳੑ͕ߴ͍Ͱ͢ ;-) • The book: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ • ࣮ߦ؀ڥ͸ web Ͱ΍ͬͯ΋Βͬͯ΋ྑ͍͔΋Ͱ͢ − https://play.integer32.com/ ▶ ·͡Ίʹ޲͖߹͏ʹ͸݁ߏେม • ΧχຊͰҾ༻͞ΕͯΔ Quora ͷهࣄ • C++ͷຊΛݱࡏਐߦܗͰಡΜͰΔ਎ʹ͸͘͢͝ೲಘ − େମɺC++11 Ͱ͸͜͏ॻ͚Δ͔ΒͦΕ͕ਪ঑͍ͬͯ͏ͷ͕ Rust ͷจ๏ I’ve found that Rust has forced me to learn many of the things that I was slowly learning as "good practise" in C/C++ before I could even compile my code.
13. ม਺એݴ (1/3) 1 let x = 1; 2 println!("x␣=␣{}", x); 3 let x = 1.25; 4 println!("x␣=␣{}", x); 5 // x = 1; // error: expected floating-point number, 6 // found integer 7 // x = 1.5; // error: cannot assign twice to 8 // immutable variable ▶ ม਺ͷએݴ͸ let Ͱߦͳ͏ • ܕ͸ (Ұҙʹਪ࿦Ͱ͖ΔͳΒ) লུՄೳ • γϟυʔΠϯάՄೳ • ࢦఆ͕ͳ͚Ε͹ immutable ͳม਺ʹͳΔ
14. ม਺એݴ (2/3) 1 let mut y: u32 = 1; 2 y -= 1; 3 y -= 1; 4 println!("y␣=␣{}", y); ▶ ม਺ͷએݴ͸ let Ͱߦͳ͏ • ܕ͸ޙஔه๏ (ίϩϯͷޙΖʹ͚ͭΔ) • mutable ͳม਺ʹ͚ͨ͠Ε͹ mut ΩʔϫʔυΛ࢖͏ ▶ ͪͳΈʹɺ࣮ߦ͢ΔͱσόοάϏϧυͩͱ్தͰࢭ·Γ·͢ % cargo run Compiling variable v0.1.0 (/path/to/examples/variable) Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.00s Running ‘target/debug/variable‘ thread ’main’ panicked at ’attempt to subtract with overflow’, \ variable/src/main.rs:12:5 note: Run with ‘RUST_BACKTRACE=1‘ environment variable to \ display a backtrace.
15. ม਺એݴ (3/3) ▶ ϦϦʔεϏϧυ (--release ෇͖) ͢Δͱ࠷ޙ·Ͱ࣮ߦ͢Δ • ΋ͪΖΜɺ݁Ռ͸͓͔͠ͳ͜ͱʹͳΔ % cargo run Compiling variable v0.1.0 (/path/to/examples/variable) Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 0.30s Running ‘target/release/variable‘ x = 1 x = 1.25 y = 4294967295
16. جຊతͳܕ ੔਺ ූ߸ແ͠: u8, u16, u32, u64, usize ූ߸෇͖: i8, i16, i32, i64, isize ුಈখ਺఺ ୯ਫ਼౓: f32ɺഒਫ਼౓: f64 ϒʔϧ bool จࣈ char (Unicode ͷ 1 จࣈ) จࣈྻ String ▶ ͨͩ͠ɺจࣈྻϦςϥϧͷ str ͕͋ͬͯͱͯ΋΍΍͍͜͠ ഑ྻ [T; N] (T: ܕ, N: ཁૉ਺) ϕΫλʔ Vec<T> (T: ܕ) εϥΠε &[T] (T: ܕ)
17. String ͱ str (1/2) ▶ C++ͷ std::string ͱ char ʹࣅ͍ͯΔ 1 let a = "abcd".to_string(); // String::from("abcd"); ΋Մ 2 let b = &a[1..]; 3 let c = "zyxwv";
18. String ͱ str (2/2) ▶ String ͸Մม௕ 1 let mut a = "abcd".to_string(); 2 // ^^^ 3 a.push_str("efg"); // OK 4 5 let mut c = "zyxwv"; 6 // no method named ‘push_str‘ found 7 // for type ‘&str‘ in the current scope 8 c.push_str("ut"); // Error!!
19. ؔ਺ ▶ fn Ωʔϫʔυͱ -> τʔΫϯΛ࢖ͬͯॻ͘ 1 fn add(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 { 2 return a + b; 3 } 4 5 fn main() { 6 println!("{}", add(1, 2)); 7 } % cargo run Compiling function v0.1.0 (/path/to/examples/function) Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.20s Running ‘target/debug/function‘ 3
20. ॴ༗ݖ (1/4) ▶ ੔਺ܕͱจࣈྻܕͷม਺Λෳ਺ͷม਺ʹ୅ೖͯ͠ΈΔ 1 let i0 = 1; 2 let i1 = i0; 3 let i2 = i0; 4 5 let s0: String = "hoge".to_string(); 6 let s1 = s0; 7 let s2 = s0;
21. ॴ༗ݖ (1/4) ▶ ੔਺ܕͱจࣈྻܕͷม਺Λෳ਺ͷม਺ʹ୅ೖͯ͠ΈΔ • Ͳ͏ͳΔͱࢥ͍·͢? 1 let i0 = 1; 2 let i1 = i0; 3 let i2 = i0; 4 5 let s0: String = "hoge".to_string(); 6 let s1 = s0; 7 let s2 = s0;
22. ॴ༗ݖ (2/4) ▶ จࣈྻܕͷํ͚ͩίϯύΠϧΤϥʔʹͳΔ • Rust Ͱ͸ɺ୅ೖɺؔ਺ͷҾ਺ɺؔ਺ͷ໭Γ஋Ͱॴ༗ݖ͕Ҡಈ͢Δ • ͨͩ͠ɺ੔਺౳ɺҰ෦ͷܕ͸ίϐʔʹͳΔ − ͦͷͨΊ i2 Ͱ͸Τϥʔʹͳ͍ͬͯͳ͍ − ίϐʔ͞ΕΔܕʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɺΤϥʔͰग़͍ͯΔ “Copy trait ” ͱ͍͏ͷ͕ϛι error[E0382]: use of moved value: ‘s0‘ --> ownership/src/main.rs:8:15 | 6 | let s0: String = "hoge".to_string(); | -- move occurs because ‘s0‘ has type ‘std::string::String‘, \ which does not implement the ‘Copy‘ trait 7 | let s1 = s0; | -- value moved here 8 | let s2 = s0; | ^^ value used here after move
23. ॴ༗ݖ (3/4) ▶ ؔ਺ͷҾ਺΋ବ໨ͳͷͰҎԼ΋Ξ΢τ 1 fn consume(_s: String) {} 2 // தུ 3 let h: String = "Hello␣World".to_string(); 4 consume(h); 5 let hh = h; 12 | let h: String = "Hello World".to_string(); | - move occurs because ‘h‘ has type ‘std::string::String‘, \ which does not implement the ‘Copy‘ trait 13 | consume(h); | - value moved here 14 | let hh = h; | ^ value used here after move
24. ॴ༗ݖ (4/4) ▶ ٯʹؔ਺ͷ໭Γ஋ͷॴ༗ݖΛݺͼݩʹ౉ͤΔ 1 fn generate(i: i32) -> Vec<i32> { 2 let mut v = Vec::new(); 3 v.push(i); 4 return v; 5 } 6 // ུ 7 let v1 = generate(10); 8 let mut v2 = generate(100); 9 v2.push(101); 10 println!("v1:␣{:?}", v1); // v1: [10] 11 println!("v2:␣{:?}", v2); // v2: [100, 101]
25. ࢀর, आ༻ (1/2) ▶ ॴ༗ݖΛ౉ͣ͞ʹ஋Λ࢖͏ʹ͸ࢀরΛ࢖͏ • Rust Ͱ͸ʮआ༻ʯͱ΋ݴ͏ • C++ͱ͓ͳ͘͡ɺ “&” Λ࢖͏ • C++ͱҧ͍ − आ༻͢Δଆ (ࢀর͞ΕΔଆ) ʹ “&” Λ෇͚Δ − ؔ਺ͷݺͼग़͠ݩͱݺͼग़͠ઌ྆ํʹ “&” ͕ඞཁ 1 fn consume(_s: &String) {} 2 // ུ 3 let s0: String = "hoge".to_string(); 4 let s1 = &s0; 5 let s2 = &s0; 6 7 let h: String = "Hello␣World".to_string(); 8 consume(&h); 9 let hh = h;
26. ࢀর, आ༻ (2/2) ▶ ࢀরͷղܾʹ͸ “*” Λ࢖͏ 1 let i0 = 5; 2 let i1 = &i0; 3 4 println!("i0:␣{},␣i1:␣{}", i0, *i1); ▶ Ͱ΋ɺؔ਺Ͱ࢖͏৔߹ͩͬͨΓɺ৭ʑͳ৔໘ͰলུͰ͖ͨΓ͢Δ 1 fn catlength(a: &String, b: &String) -> usize { 2 return a.len() + b.len(); 3 } 4 // ུ 5 let s0 = "hoge".to_string(); 6 let s1 = "fuga".to_string(); 7 println!("{}", catlength(&s0, &s1));
27. ϥΠϑλΠϜ (1/6) ▶ C ݴޠͱ͓ͳ͘͡ Rust ͷม਺ʹ͸είʔϓ͕͋Δ (GC ͱ͔͸ͳ͍) 1 { 2 let a = 0; 3 } // ͜͜Ͱυϩοϓ 4 println!("{}", a); error[E0425]: cannot find value ‘a‘ in this scope --> lifetime/src/main.rs:5:20 | 5 | println!("{}", a); | ^ not found in this scope
28. ϥΠϑλΠϜ (2/6) ▶ ࢀর͍ͯͨ͠৔߹ɺίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹౖΒΕΔ • C/C++ͰΑ͘΍Δղ์ࡁΈͷϝϞϦΞΫηεͱ͔͕ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹൃݟͰ͖Δ!! 1 let r; 2 { 3 let b = 0; 4 r = &b; 5 } 6 println!("{}", r); error[E0597]: ‘b‘ does not live long enough --> lifetime/src/main.rs:11:9 | 11 | r = &b; | ^^^^^^ borrowed value does not live long enough 12 | } | - ‘b‘ dropped here while still borrowed 13 | println!("{}", r); | - borrow later used here
29. ϥΠϑλΠϜ (3/6) ▶ ͞Βʹ΍΍͍͜͠ͷ͕ؔ਺ͰɺҎԼ͸ΤϥʔʹͳΔ • ͞ΒΓͱॻ͍ͯ·͕͢ɺηϛίϩϯΛൈ͔͢ͱ஋Λ࡞Γ·͢ − ͦͷͨΊɺ x ΍ y ͷޙΖʹηϛίϩϯ͕ͳ͍ − if ࣜ ͷޙΖʹ΋ηϛίϩϯ͕ͳ͍ 1 fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str { 2 if x.len() > y.len() { 3 x 4 } else { 5 y 6 } 7 }
30. ϥΠϑλΠϜ (4/6) 1 fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str { 2 if x.len() > y.len() { 3 x 4 } else { 5 y 6 } 7 } error[E0106]: missing lifetime specifier --> lifetime/src/main.rs:1:33 | 1 | fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str { | ^ expected lifetime parameter | = help: this function’s return type contains a borrowed value, \ but the signature does not say whether it is borrowed from ‘x‘ or ‘y‘
31. ϥΠϑλΠϜ (5/6) error[E0106]: missing lifetime specifier --> lifetime/src/main.rs:1:33 | 1 | fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str { | ^ expected lifetime parameter | = help: this function’s return type contains a borrowed value, \ but the signature does not say whether it is borrowed from ‘x‘ or ‘y‘ ▶ ໰୊͸ͳʹ͔? • ࣮ߦ͢Δ·Ͱ x ͱ y (ͲͪΒ΋ࢀর) ͷͲͪΒΛฦ͔͢Θ͔Βͳ͍ • ໭Γ஋ͷϥΠϑλΠϜ͕Ͳ͏ͳΔ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍ͷͰɺͦͷޙͷॲཧ͕νΣοΫͰ͖ͳ͍ ▶ Μ͡ΌͲ͏͢Δͷ? • ίϯύΠϥౖ͕͍ͬͯΔ௨Γɺlifetime parameter Λॻ͚͹ OK • جຊతʹ Rust ͷίϯύΠϥͷΤϥʔϝοηʔδ͸਌੾Ͱ͢ − Ұ෦ͷίϯύΠϥ͕ΧΦεͳ͚ͩ΋͠Ε·ͤΜ͕ʜʜͶ͐ɺgcc ͞Μ
32. ϥΠϑλΠϜ (6/6) ▶ ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹॻ͘ඞཁ͕͋Δ • ੜଘظؒΛ ’a ͱ͢Δ − ه߸͸׳ྫతʹ͸ద౰ͳ໛༷ • ໭Γ஋͸ x, y ͷ୹͍ํͷੜଘظؒΛ࣋ͭඞཁ͕͋Δ • fn longest<’a, ’b>(x: &’a str, y: &’b str) -> &’a str ͱ΋ॻ͚Δ͕ y ͷੜଘظ͕ؒ ’a Ͱͳ͍ͨΊΤϥʔʹͳΔ 1 fn longest<’a>(x: &’a str, y: &’a str) -> &’a str { 2 if x.len() > y.len() { 3 x 4 } else { 5 y 6 } 7 }
33. ߏ଄ମ (1/2) ▶ Rust ʹ͸ class ͸ͳ͍ • ૉ௚ʹ (?) ߏ଄ମΛ࢖͏ • ஋ͷએݴ࣌͸֤ཁૉͷ໊લ͕ඞཁ (·ͬͨ͘ಉ໊ͷม਺ͰॳظԽ͢Δͱ͖ͷΈলུՄ) • ຊ೔͸ѻ͍·ͤΜ͕ɺϥΠϑλΠϜ΋བྷΜͰ͘Δ 1 struct Point { 2 x: f64, 3 y: f64, 4 } 5 // ུ 6 let _p0 = Point { x: 1.0, y: 1.0 };
34. ߏ଄ମ (2/2) ▶ ߏ଄ମ͚ͩͲɺؔ਺Λੜ΍ͤΔΑ ww • ࠷ॳͷҾ਺͸ self(஋Λมߋ͍ͨ͠৔߹͸ mut Λ෇͚Δ) 1 struct Point { 2 x: f64, 3 y: f64, 4 } 5 6 impl Point { 7 fn abs(&self) -> f64 { 8 (self.x * self.x + self.y * self.y).sqrt() 9 } 10 } 11 12 fn main() { 13 let p0 = Point { x: 1.0, y: 1.0 }; 14 println!("{}", p0.abs()); // => 1.4142135623730951 15 }
35. δΣωϦοΫ ▶ ߏ଄ମɺؔ਺౳Λ generic ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • C++ͷςϯϓϨʔτɺJava ͷδΣωϦΫεతͳ΋ͷ 1 struct GenPoint<T> { 2 x: T, 3 y: T, 4 } 5 // ུ 6 let _p1 = GenPoint::<i32> { x: 1, y: 1 }; 7 let _p2 = GenPoint { x: 1, y: 1 }; 8 let _p3 = GenPoint { x: 1.5, y: 2.0 }; ▶ GenPoint<T, U> ͱͯ͠ɺ y Λ U ͱ͢Δ͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ
36. Trait (1/5) ▶ Java ͱ͔ Go ͷΠϯλʔϑΣʔεతͳ΋ͷ΋͋Δ -> Trait(τϨΠτ) • ͖͞΄Ͳग़͖ͯͨ Copy trait ΋ίϨ ▶ trait ͷఆٛ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹ trait ΩʔϫʔυͰ࡞Δ • duck ͸ walk ͯ͠ quack Ͱ͖Δ΋ͷ 1 trait Duck { 2 fn walk(&self); 3 fn quack(&self); 4 }
37. Trait (2/5) ▶ ࣮૷͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹ 1 struct RealDuck {} 2 3 impl Duck for RealDuck { 4 fn walk(&self) { 5 println!("duck␣walking"); 6 } 7 8 fn quack(&self) { 9 println!("quack") 10 } 11 }
38. Trait (3/5) ▶ ಉ༷ʹ Dog ΋࣮૷͢Δ 1 struct Dog {} 2 3 impl Duck for Dog { 4 fn walk(&self) { 5 println!("dog␣walking"); 6 } 7 8 fn quack(&self) { 9 println!("bow") 10 } 11 }
39. Trait (4/5) ▶ ͦ͏͢ΔͱɺҎԼͷΑ͏ʹ Duck ΛҾ਺ʹͨؔ͠਺ test_duck() ʹ RealDuck ͱ Dog ͷͲͪΒ΋౉͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ 1 fn test_duck(duck: &Duck) { 2 duck.walk(); 3 duck.quack(); 4 } 5 6 fn main() { 7 let duck = RealDuck {}; 8 let dog = Dog {}; 9 10 test_duck(&duck); 11 test_duck(&dog); 12 }
40. Trait (5/5) ▶ ෳ਺ͷ Trait Λ࣮૷ͨ͠ܕΛཁٻ͢Δ͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ • pub fn notify(item: impl Summary + Display) { − Summary ͱ Display Λಉ࣌ʹ࣮૷ͨ͠ܕ ▶ ಡΈਏ͍ͷͰɺҎԼͷॻࣜ΋͋Δ • pub fn notify<T: Summary + Display>(item: T) { ▶ ͞Βʹ͜Μͳॻࣜ΋ʜʜ 1 fn some_function<T, U>(t: T, u: U) -> i32 2 where T: Display + Clone, 3 U: Clone + Debug 4 {
41. enum (1/5) ▶ Rust ͷ enum ͸ ৭ʑͱ͓͔͍͠ ૬౰ʹڧྗ ▶ C ݴޠͷΑ͏ͳ enum ͸΋ͪΖΜ࡞ΕΔ 1 enum Fruits { 2 Apple, 3 Banana, 4 Orange, 5 Peach, 6 } 7 // ུ 8 let _hoge = Fruits::Apple;
42. enum (2/5) ▶ enum ஋ͷதʹ஋Λ࣋ͭ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ͔͠΋ɺܕ΋ݸ਺΋ࣗ༝ࣗࡏ • (u8, u8, u8, u8) ͸λϓϧ 1 enum IpAddr { 2 V4((u8, u8, u8, u8)), 3 V6(String), 4 } 5 // ུ 6 let v4_addr = IpAddr::V4((127, 0, 0, 1)); 7 let v6_addr = IpAddr::V6("::1".into()); ▶ ͳ͓ɺenum ʹ΋ϝιουΛੜ΍ͤ·͢ www • struct ͷͱ͖ͱಉ͘͡ɺimpl ΩʔϫʔυΛ࢖͏
43. enum (3/5) ▶ ஋Λ࣋ͨͤͨ enum ͸ match Λ࢖ͬͯऔΓग़͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • C ݴޠͷ switch จͷ default తͳͷ͸ “_ =>” ͱॻ͘ 1 fn extract_addr(addr: &IpAddr) { 2 match addr { 3 IpAddr::V4(a) => { 4 println!("{}.{}.{}.{}", a.0, a.1, a.2, a.3); 5 } 6 IpAddr::V6(a) => { 7 println!("{}", a); 8 } 9 } 10 } 11 // ུ 12 extract_addr(&v4_addr); // => 127.0.0.1 13 extract_addr(&v6_addr); // => ::1
44. enum (4/5) ▶ λϓϧܕϰΝϦΞϯτɺߏ଄ମܕϰΝϦΞϯτͳΜͯ΋ͷ΋ʜʜ • ΍͸Γɺmatch Λ࢖ͬͯऔΓग़͢ ▶ λϓϧܕϰΝϦΞϯτͷྫ 1 enum RoughTime { 2 InThePast(TimeUnit, u32), 3 JustNow, 4 InTheFuture(TimeUnit, u32), 5 } 6 // ུ 7 match &t { 8 RoughTime::InTheFuture(_, t) => { 9 println!("{}", t); 10 }
45. enum (5/5) ▶ ߏ଄ମܕϰΝϦΞϯτͷྫ 1 enum Shape { 2 Sphere { center: Point3d, radius: f32 }, 3 Cuboid { corner1: Point3d, corner2: Point3d }, 4 } 5 // ུ 6 match &u { 7 Shape::Cuboid { 8 corner1: c1, 9 corner2: c2, 10 } => { 11 println!("{:?}", c1); 12 } ▶ ศར͕ͩɺ΍Γ͗͢ΔͱܕͷαΠζ͕ແବʹେ͖͘ͳΔ • ࠷େαΠζͷϰΝϦΞϯτʹ߹Θ͞ΔͨΊ • େ͖ͳϰΝϦΞϯτΛώʔϓʹஔ͚ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ Box ܕΛ༻͍Δ • Box ܕʹ͍ͭͯ͸ຊ೔͸ѻ͍·ͤΜ!!
46. Option<T>ͱ Result<T,E> (1/2) ▶ Rust ͷඪ४తͳܕ ▶ ఆٛ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ 1 pub enum Option<T> { 2 None, 3 Some(T), 4 } 5 6 pub enum Result<T, E> { 7 Ok(T), 8 Err(E), 9 } ▶ Option<T> • ஋͕ͳ͍Մೳੑ͕͋ΔࣄΛࣔ͢ (nullptr ͷ୅ΘΓ) ▶ Result<T,E> • ࣦഊ͢ΔՄೳੑ͕͋ΔࣄΛࣔ͢ (ྫ֎ͷ୅ΘΓ)
47. Option<T>ͱ Result<T,E> (2/2) ▶ ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳײ͡ͰΤϥʔ൑ఆ͢Δ • ৭ʑͱศརͳؔ਺΍ԋࢉࢠ͕͋Γ·͢. (?ԋࢉࢠ, expect(), unwrap()) 1 let i = match env::args().nth(1) { 2 None => { 3 panic!("no␣arguments"); 4 } 5 Some(arg) => match arg.parse::<i32>() { 6 Ok(fig) => fig, 7 Err(e) => { 8 panic!("error:␣{}", e); 9 } 10 }, 11 }; 12 13 println!("i:␣{}", i);
48. Crate (1/3) ▶ Rust ͷϓϩάϥϜ͸ΫϨʔτͱݺ͹ΕΔ୯Ґͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤͰߏ੒͞ΕΔ • ৄࡉʹ͍ͭͯ͸ຊ೔͸লུ͢Δͱͯ͠ʜʜ ▶ crates.io • The Rust community’s crate registry ▶ ࢖͍ํ • Cargo.toml ͷ [dependencies] ʹɺcrates.io ʹॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔࣜΛೖΕΕ͹ OK • ͜͜ʹ git ͷϦϙδτϦΛͭͬ͜Ήࣄ΋Ͱ͖Δ ▶ ͜͜Ͱ͸ɺΦϓγϣϯղੳͷ crate ͷ clap Λ࢖ͬͨྫΛ঺հ͠·͢ • -n Φϓγϣϯ͚ͩ͋Δ echo ίϚϯυ΋Ͳ͖ [dependencies] clap = "2.32.0"
49. Crate (2/3) ▶ Rust 2018 ͷલ·Ͱ͸ɺ extern crate clap; ͱ͢Δඞཁ͕͋ͬͨ • Cargo.toml ͱ৑௕͔ͩͬͨΒ (?) ෆཁʹ 1 use clap::{App, Arg}; 2 3 fn main() { 4 let m = App::new("echo") // ίϚϯυ໊ 5 .arg(Arg::with_name("STRING").multiple(true)) // ෳ਺ͷҾ਺ 6 .arg( // ’-n’ Λఆٛ 7 Arg::with_name("n") 8 .short("n") 9 .help("do␣not␣output␣the␣trailing␣newline"), 10 ) 11 .get_matches(); // ࣮ߦ 12 // ଓ͘
50. Crate (3/3) 1 // ଓ͖ 2 let out = match m.values_of("STRING") { 3 // ˣ஍ຯʹΠςϨʔλΛ࢖༻ 4 Some(v) => v.collect::<Vec<&str>>().join("␣"), 5 None => "".into(), 6 }; 7 8 print!("{}", out); 9 10 if !m.is_present("n") { 11 println!(""); // ’-nΦϓγϣϯ͕ͳ͚Ε͹վߦ’ 12 } 13 }
51. จ๏ͱ͔ʹ͍ͭͯ͸Ҏ্!! ▶ ຊ೔·͓ͬͨ͘఻͑Ͱ͖ͳ͔ͬͨ಺༰ • Ϋϩʔδϟʔ • ΠςϨʔλʔ • εϚʔτϙΠϯλ • ςετ − Rust ͸ϓϩάϥϜͱಉ͡ϑΝΠϧʹςετΛॻ͍ͨΓɺίϝϯτͷαϯϓϧϓϩάϥϜͷςετ ͱ͔΋Ͱ͖Δ ▶ ڵຯ͕͋Ε͹ɺ The Book Λ͓ಡΈ͍ͩ͘͞ ▶ ࠶ܝ: Ϗϧυ͢Δͱ Cargo.lock ͱ͍͏ϑΝΠϧ͕ੜ੒͞ΕΔ • Cargo.toml ͸ͬ͘͟Γͱͨ͠ґଘΛखಈͰ࡞੒ − όʔδϣϯ൪߸΋ϝδϟʔόʔδϣϯ͚ͩهड़Ͱ͖Δ • Cargo.lock ͸׬શͳόʔδϣϯ΍ϋογϡ஋Λ࣋ͬͯ Cargo ͕Ϗϧυ࣌ʹࣗಈͰ࡞੒ − Ξοϓσʔτ͚ͨ͠Ε͹ cargo update Λ࣮ߦ
52. ͔ͭΕͨʜʜ
53. ͻͱ·ͣ Rust͸ίϯύΠϥʹౖΒΕͳ͕Β ͤͬͤͱ௚͍ͯ͘͠ݴޠͰ͢
54. ͱ͍͏͜ͱͰ
55. ͓·ͨͤ͠·ͨ͠
56. Α͏΍͘DebianཁૉͰ͢
57. Α͏΍͘DebianཁૉͰ͢ ͠Γ͢΅ΈʹͳΔΑʜʜ
58. Debian ύοέʔδʹͯ͠ΈΔ ▶ Ұ൪؆୯ͳํ๏ : cargo-deb • A cargo subcommand that generates Debian packages from information in Cargo.toml − GitHub − Ξφ΢ϯε@users.rustlang.org • Πϯετʔϧํ๏ − cargo install cargo-deb : cargo ͷαϒίϚϯυͱͯ͠ೖΔ − deb ͸ʜʜͳ͍ʜʜ!! • ໰୊఺ − ެࣜʹ͸ͱͯ΋ೖΒͳ͍ deb Λు͘ − ୯ҰόΠφϦͷϓϩδΣΫτʹ͔͠ରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ − ͔ͩΒ deb ʹͳͬͱΒΜͷ͔ʜʜ • ·͊ɺ͍͑΍ͱ/usr/bin ʹೖΕ͍ͨͳΒΞϦ͔΋Ͱ͕͢ʜʜ
59. ਅ໘໨ʹ Debian ύοέʔδʹͯ͠ΈΔ ▶ Debian Rust packaging team • https://wiki.debian.org/Teams/RustPackaging ▶ crates.io ʹ͋Δ΋ͷʹ͍ͭͯ͸ debcargo ͕͍͍ײ͡ʹ΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔΒ͍͠ • ࣮ࡍʹ debcargo package ripgrep Λ͢Δͱ ripgrep ͷ deb ͕࡞ΒΕΔ • ͱ͜Ζ͕ɺ͜ͷ debcargo ͞Μɺ crates.io ʹΞοϓ͞Ε͍ͯΔ෺͔͠ deb ʹͯ͘͠Εͳ͍໛༷ʜʜ ▶ ͜ΕҎ߱Ͱ͸ɺઌఔͷ clap ͷαϯϓϧͷ deb ࡞੒ʹ௅ઓ͠·͢ • ํ਑ͱͯ͠ɺdebcargo Ͱ΋࢖͏ dh-cargo Λ࢖͏ • https://github.com/rarewin/clap-test ʹιʔεஔ͍ͯ·͢
60. dh_make ͢Δ % dh_make -s -p rust-clap-test_0.1.0 --createorig Maintainer Name : Katsuki Kobayashi Email-Address : rare@tirasweel.org Date : Sat, 23 Mar 2019 18:03:48 +0900 Package Name : rust-clap-test Version : 0.1.0 License : blank Package Type : single Are the details correct? [Y/n/q] Currently there is not top level Makefile. This may require additional tuning Done. Please edit the files in the debian/ subdirectory now. ▶ debcargo Λ࢖͏ͱɺύοέʔδ໊ʹ͸ rust- ΋͘͠͸ librust- ͕ suffix ͱͯ͠෇͘໛༷
61. dh-cargo Λ࢖͏Α͏ʹ͢Δ ▶ ͻͱ·ͣҎԼΛͯ͠ΈΔ • debian/rules ʹΦϓγϣϯΛ௥Ճ • debian/control ͷ Build-Depends ʹ dh-cargo/librust-clap-dev ΛೖΕΔ %: dh $@ --buildsystem cargo ▶ ͱΓ͋͑ͣ debuild-pbuilder ͯ͠ΈΔ % debuild-pbuilder -> Attempting to satisfy build-dependencies -> Creating pbuilder-satisfydepends-dummy package Package: pbuilder-satisfydepends-dummy Version: 0.invalid.0 ... (snip) ... dh_autoreconf -O--buildsystem=cargo dh_auto_configure -O--buildsystem=cargo cp: ’./debian/cargo-checksum.json’ Λ stat Ͱ͖·ͤΜ: \ ͦͷΑ͏ͳϑΝΠϧ΍σΟϨΫτϦ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ
62. cargo-checksum.json? ▶ RustPackagingTeam • upstream ͷ crate ͷνΣοΫαϜΛؚΊΔ • /usr/share/cargo/registry Λ࢖͏ͨΊʹ࢖͏ − deb ͷϏϧυʹωοτϫʔΫ࢖ͬͪΌବ໨͔ͩΒͱࢥΘΕ • ˢͷ࢓૊Έ͸ cargo-vendor Λར༻͍ͯ͠Δ − cargo-vendor ͸ϩʔΧϧͷιʔεΛ cargo ͕֎෦ crate ͱͯ͠ѻ͏ͨΊͷ࢓૊ΈΛఏڙ ▶ ͱ͔ɺΘΓͱෆ਌੾ʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δ (࡞Γํͷղઆͱ͔ͳ͍) ΜͰ͕͢ʜʜ
63. cargo-checksum.json? ▶ RustPackagingTeam • upstream ͷ crate ͷνΣοΫαϜΛؚΊΔ • /usr/share/cargo/registry Λ࢖͏ͨΊʹ࢖͏ − deb ͷϏϧυʹωοτϫʔΫ࢖ͬͪΌବ໨͔ͩΒͱࢥΘΕ • ˢͷ࢓૊Έ͸ cargo-vendor Λར༻͍ͯ͠Δ − cargo-vendor ͸ϩʔΧϧͷιʔεΛ cargo ͕֎෦ crate ͱͯ͠ѻ͏ͨΊͷ࢓૊ΈΛఏڙ ▶ ͱ͔ɺΘΓͱෆ਌੾ʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δ (࡞Γํͷղઆͱ͔ͳ͍) ΜͰ͕͢ʜʜ % apt source ripgrep % cat rust-ripgrep-0.10.0/debian/cargo-checksum.json {"package":"Could not get crate checksum","files":{}} ▶ ͍ͬͨΜΘ͢Ε·͢ • ͳΜͱɺtouch debian/cargo-checksum.json ͰϏϧυ͕ਐΉ • ͜ͷ “could not get crate checksum” ͸ debcargo ͷΤϥʔΈ͍ͨͰ͢
64. ґଘ஍ࠈͱҋͱ (1/4) ▶ Ϗϧυ͕ਐΉΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ͸Α͍͕ debian cargo wrapper: running subprocess ([’env’, ’RUST_BACKTRACE=1’, \ ’/usr/bin/cargo’, ’-Zavoid-dev-deps’, ’build’, ’--verbose’, ’--verbose’, \ ’-j4’, ’--target’, ’x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu’],) {} error: failed to select a version for the requirement \ ‘textwrap = "= 0.10.0"‘ candidate versions found which didn’t match: 0.11.0 location searched: directory source ‘/path/to/clap-test/debian/cargo_registry‘ \ (which is replacing registry ‘https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index‘) required by package ‘clap v2.32.0‘ ▶ Կނ͔ textwrap ͷόʔδϣϯ໰୊Ͱࣦഊʜʜ • clap ͸ 0.10.0 ͷ textwrap Λཁٻ • ݱࡏͷ debian sid/buster ͷ librust-textwrap-dev ͸ 0.11.0
65. ґଘ஍ࠈͱҋͱ (2/4) ▶ ͔͠͠ͳͥ? • ripgrep ΋ clap ʹґଘ͍ͯ͠ΔͷʹϏϧυͰ͖͍ͯΔ ▶ github ͷ ripgrep ͷ tar ͱ deb ͷ ripgrep ͷιʔεΛൺֱͯ͠ΈΔ • ඍົʹࠩ෼͕͋Δʜʜ • Ͳ͏΍Βɺcrates.io ͔Β࣋ͬͯ͘ΔͱɺCargo.toml ͕ฤू͞Ε (Cargo.toml ʹίϝϯτ ͋Γ)ɺCargo.lock ͕࡟আ͞ΕΔ໛༷ (ͬͪ͜͸͋΍;΍) % grep textwrap Cargo.lock "textwrap 0.10.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)", name = "textwrap" "checksum textwrap 0.10.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "307686869c93e71f94da64286f9a9524c0f308a9e1c87a583de8e9c9039ad3f6" ▶ ͏ʔΉʜʜ
66. ґଘ஍ࠈͱҋͱ (3/4) % rm Cargo.lock % debuild-pbuilder ... (snip) ... Compiling textwrap v0.11.0 Running ‘rustc --crate-name textwrap.... ... (snip) ... Finished running lintian. ▶ ͳΜͱɺCargo.lock Λফͨ͠ΒϏϧυͰ͖ͯ͠·ͬͨʜʜ • debian/cargo_registry ҎԼʹґଘ crate ͷϩʔΧϧ % ls -lh debian/cargo_registry/textwrap-* ... debian/cargo_registry/textwrap-0.11.0 \ -> /usr/share/cargo/registry/textwrap-0.11.0/
67. ґଘ஍ࠈͱҋͱ (4/4) ▶ Α͘Α͘ௐ΂ͯΈΔͱɺclap ͷ Cargo.toml ͕ɺcrates.io ొ࿥࣌ʹґଘؔ܎͕ม ߋ͞Ε͍ͯΔ໛༷ʜʜ % grep -A 1 dependencies.textwrap debian/cargo_registry/clap-2.32.0/Cargo.toml [dependencies.textwrap] version = ">= 0.10, < 0.12" ▶ GitHub ʹ͋Δ clap ͷίʔυͩͱҎԼ [dependencies] bitflags = "1.0" unicode-width = "0.1.4" textwrap = "0.10.0" ▶ Ͳ͏͍͏ج४Ͱมߋ͞Εͨͷ͔͸·ͩௐ΂͓ͯΓ·ͤΜʜʜ • debian ͷ librust-*ͳύοέʔδͨͪ͸ͲͷΑ͏ͳج४Ͱߋ৽͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͩΖ͏͔ʜʜ
68. ͱʹ΋͔͘ʹ΋ (1/2) ▶ deb ͸Ͱ͖·ͨ͠!! • ͍΍ɺlintian ͷܯࠂ΋Τϥʔ΋औͬͯͳ͍Ͱ͕͢!! % dpkg -I rust-clap-test_0.1.0-1_amd64.deb new Debian package, version 2.0. size 258160 bytes: control archive=648 bytes. 360 όΠτɺ 11 ߦ control 285 όΠτɺ 4 ߦ md5sums Package: rust-clap-test Version: 0.1.0-1 Architecture: amd64 Maintainer: Katsuki Kobayashi <rare@tirasweel.org> Installed-Size: 770 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.18), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.2) Section: unknown Priority: optional Homepage: <insert the upstream URL, if relevant> Description: <insert up to 60 chars description> <insert long description, indented with spaces>
69. ͱʹ΋͔͘ʹ΋ (2/2) % dpkg -c rust-clap-test_0.1.0-1_amd64.deb drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2019-03-23 18:06 ./ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/bin/ -rwxr-xr-x root/root 776600 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/bin/clap-test drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/share/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/share/doc/ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/share/doc/rust-clap-test/ -rw-r--r-- root/root 197 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/share/doc/rust-clap-test/READ -rw-r--r-- root/root 190 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/share/doc/rust-clap-test/chan -rw-r--r-- root/root 1693 2019-03-23 18:06 ./usr/share/doc/rust-clap-test/copy ▶ ͋Ε͚ͩͷϓϩάϥϜͰ 800KB ͔͔ͪ͊͘ʜʜ
70. ͱ͏ͱͭʹ·ͱΊ!! ▶ ݁ہ Rust ͳ deb Λ࡞Δʹ͸ • crates.io ʹొ࿥ͯ͠ debcargo Λϕʔεʹͭ͘Δ͕ެࣜख๏ • ҰԠɺϩʔΧϧͰ dh-cargo Λ͔ͭͬͯ΋ରԠ͸Ͱ͖ͦ͏ • debcargo Λ git ϦϙδτϦʹରԠͤͯ͞΋ྑͦ͞͏͚ͩͲ Cargo.toml/Cargo.lock ·Θ Γͷ໰୊͸͋Γ? ▶ ͦ΋ͦ΋ґଘؔ܎େৎ෉? • ࠓճ͸ௐ΂͖Εͳ͔ͬͨͰ͕͢ɺdeb ͷ librust-*ύοέʔδ·ΘΓ͸݁ߏ͋Ϳͳ͍ڮΛ ౉͍ͬͯΔ͔΋ʜʜ? • ͜ͷ͍͋ͩ (2 ݄) ʹ ripgrep ͕ϏϧυͰ͖ͳ͍ͱ͍͏ buster ͷόά͕͋ͬͨ ͠ʜʜ#920958 ▶ ͦΕͰ΋ Rust ͸ྑ͍ݴޠ • গʑֶशۂઢ͕ΞϨ͚ͩͲɺ͜Ε͔Βྲྀߦ͍ͬͯ͘ʹҧ͍ͳ͍ • Debian Ͱ΋ίϛϡχςΟ͕׆ൃʹͳΕ͹Α͍ͳ͊ (ଞਓࣄ) • ॗʑͱ debcargo ͸։ൃ͞Ε͍ͯΔΑ͏Ͱɺઌि buster ʹ͸ೖΒͳ͍͚Ͳ post-install Ͱ test ͕͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨΓ͍ͯ͠Δ໛༷
71. Ҏ্ ͝੩ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠
72. Ͳ͔ͬʹૠೖ༧ఆͷϝϞ ▶ Rust ͷϑΝΠϧͷ֦ுࢠ͸ .rs • Rust Ͱॻ͔ΕͨϓϩδΣΫτͷެࣜαΠτ͕ http://xxx.rs Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ • ࠃผίʔυτοϓυϝΠϯ .rs : ηϧϏΞ ▶ rust-fmt ͱ͍͏πʔϧ͕͋Δ • gofmt ͱ͔ autopep8 ͱ͔ clang-format తͳπʔϧ ▶ Podcast (Rebuild.fm?) Ͱ୭͔͕ݴͬͯͨ • Go: C++͕ݏ͍Ͱۦஞ͍ͨ͠ • Rust: C++͕େ޷͖͚ͩͲਏ͍ͷͰͳΜͱ͔͍ͨ͠ ▶ Rustacean • LISPer, Pythonista, Rubyist, Gopher, TeXnician తͳ • “crustaceans” : ߕ֪ྨ − ΦϥΠϦʔຊͷදࢴ͸ΦΦώϩόΦ΢ΪΨχ − ඇެࣜͳϚείοτ΋Χχ (Ferris ͍ͬͯ͏໛༷)
73. Ͳ͔ͬʹૠೖ༧ఆͷϝϞ ▶ ͱΓ͋͑ͣύοέʔδʹ͢Δʹ͸ • dh_make Λ࣮ߦ • debian/rules ͷ dh ͷҾ਺ʹ--buildsystem cargo Λ௥Ճ cp: ’./debian/cargo-checksum.json’ Λ stat Ͱ͖·ͤΜ: \ ͦͷΑ͏ͳϑΝΠϧ΍σΟϨΫτϦ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ ▶ Ή͎? • cargo-vendor Ͱ֤ crate ͷ checksum ͸࡞ΕΔ͚Ͳɺmain.rs ͳΞϓϦ͸Ͳ͏ͨ͠Β?
74. Ͳ͔ͬʹૠೖ༧ఆͷϝϞ debian cargo wrapper: running subprocess ([’env’, ’RUST_BACKTRACE=1’, ’/usr/bin/car error: no matching package named ‘hyper‘ found
75. Ͳ͔ͬʹૠೖ༧ఆͷϝϞ ▶ debcargo, debcargo-conf • crate.io ʹଘࡏ͢Δ crate ʹ͔͠ରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍໛༷