Kickass Development Environments with Docker (PHPWarks, April, 2017)

Docker, the hottest technology around at the moment. It swept the Ops world by storm in 2014, became mainstream in 2015, and now it’s set to dominate the developer world, in 2016.

Docker is a tool that allows you to package your application up into a single-runnable distributable binary - akin to the phar, but in Hulk mode. Docker allows you, a developer, to specify the exact environment your application needs to run, across development; test; staging; and production.

In this talk I will cover the creation of this utopian distributable and show you how to can compose your entire production infrastructure locally with only a small YAML file and without installing a single thing.

Lets say hello, to Docker.

Transcript

1. Hi
   PHPWarks!
   

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2. Kickass Development
   Environments
   with Docker
   

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12. @rawkode
    Organiser of Things:
    ◍ ScotlandPHP
    ◍ Docker Glasgow
    ◍ DevOps Glasgow
    ◍ MongoDB Glasgow
    ◍ PairProg Glasgow
    Consultant:
    ◍ PHP / Go / Elixir
    ◍ Docker / CI / CD
    ◍ DevOps / SaltStack
    ◍ Event-Driven Systems
    ◍ CQRS / ES
    

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13. Let’s address the whale in the room ...
    

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14. Docker & Moby
    Moby
    ◍ containerd
    ◍ RunC
    ◍ Libnetwork
    ◍ Compose
    ◍ Notary
    ◍ All the Kits
    Docker, Inc.
    ◍ Docker CE
    ◍ Docker EE
    

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15. Kickass Development
    Environments
    with DockerCE™©®
    

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16. Let us travel through time ...
    

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17. My Development Environment
    Circa 2000
    $ tree
    awesome-million-pound-project
    └── src
    ├── game.php
    ├── game.php.bk-david
    ├── game.php.bk-deano
    ├── main.php
    ├── main.php.maybe-fixed
    ├── main.php.bk-1999-12-02
    ├── main.php.bk-1999-12-02.2
    ├── player.php
    ├── player.php.orig
    └── .swp.player.php
    

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18. My Development Production Environment
    Circa 2000
    $ tree
    awesome-million-pound-project
    └── src
    ├── game.php
    ├── game.php.bk-david
    ├── game.php.bk-deano
    ├── main.php
    ├── main.php.maybe-fixed
    ├── main.php.bk-1999-12-02
    ├── main.php.bk-1999-12-02.2
    ├── player.php
    ├── player.php.orig
    └── .swp.player.php
    

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19. Things eventually got better ...
    

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22. Dev / Prod Parity
    

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23. Eurgh, DSL Hell
    

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25. Problems with Vagrant
    Slow to provision
    RAM intensive
    Really, development only
    Requires a CM tool
    

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26. How long does your vagrant up take?
    

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28. “
    Docker allows you to package an
    application with all of its dependencies into
    a standardized unit for software
    development.
    

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29. Docker
    ◍ Image Builder
    ◍ Virtualisation
    ◍ Image Delivery
    ◍ Orchestration (Dev)
    ➔ docker build
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker push / pull
    ➔ docker-compose
    

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30. Image Building
    Introducing the Dockerfile
    

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31. (Simplified) Dockerfile for PHP
    FROM ubuntu:17.04
    RUN apt install -y php-cli
    COPY hello.php /code
    WORKDIR /code
    ENTRYPOINT [“php”]
    CMD [“-v”]
    

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32. (Simplified) Dockerfile for PHP
    FROM ubuntu:17.04
    RUN apt install -y php-cli
    COPY hello.php /code
    WORKDIR /code
    ENTRYPOINT [“php”]
    CMD [“-v”]
    

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33. (Simplified) Dockerfile for PHP
    FROM ubuntu:17.04
    RUN apt install -y php-cli
    COPY hello.php /code
    WORKDIR /code
    ENTRYPOINT [“php”]
    CMD [“-v”]
    

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34. (Simplified) Dockerfile for PHP
    FROM ubuntu:17.04
    RUN apt install -y php-cli
    COPY hello.php /code
    WORKDIR /code
    ENTRYPOINT [“php”]
    CMD [“-v”]
    

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35. (Simplified) Dockerfile for PHP
    FROM ubuntu:17.04
    RUN apt install -y php-cli
    COPY hello.php /code
    WORKDIR /code
    ENTRYPOINT [“php”]
    CMD [“-v”]
    

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37. ENTRYPOINT & CMD
    Explained in 20 seconds
    

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38. ENTRYPOINT and CMD Explained in 17 seconds ...
    CMD [“echo”, “Hello”]
    in a Dockerfile
    docker run my-image
    ==
    $ Hello
    

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39. ENTRYPOINT and CMD Explained in 13 seconds ...
    CMD [“echo”, “Hello”]
    in a Dockerfile
    docker run my-image echo Goodbye
    ==
    $ Goodbye
    

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40. ENTRYPOINT and CMD Explained in 10 seconds ...
    ENTRYPOINT [“echo”]
    CMD [“Hello”]
    in a Dockerfile
    docker run my-image
    ==
    $ Hello
    

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41. ENTRYPOINT and CMD Explained in 7 seconds ...
    ENTRYPOINT [“echo”]
    CMD [“Hello”]
    in a Dockerfile
    docker run --entrypoint=”echo” my-image Woop!
    ==
    $ Woop!
    

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42. ENTRYPOINT and CMD Explained in 4 seconds ...
    ENTRYPOINT [“echo”]
    CMD [“Hello”]
    in a Dockerfile
    docker run --entrypoint=”echo” my-image
    ==
    $
    

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44. Docker
    ◍ Image Builder
    ◍ Virtualisation
    ◍ Image Delivery
    ◍ Orchestration (Dev)
    ➔ docker build
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker push / pull
    ➔ docker-compose
    

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45. Virtualisation
    Running Docker Images as Containers
    

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46. Demo
    

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47. Docker
    ◍ Image Builder
    ◍ Virtualisation
    ◍ Image Delivery
    ◍ Orchestration (Dev)
    ➔ docker build
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker push / pull
    ➔ docker-compose
    

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48. Orchestration (Dev)
    Composing Services
    

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49. Your Super Application
    

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50. Your Super Application
    

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51. Docker Compose
    

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52. docker-compose.yml
    version: “3”
    

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53. docker-compose.yml
    version: “3”
    services:
    php:
    image: php:7
    ports:
    - 80:80
    volumes:
    - .:/code
    

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54. docker-compose.yml
    version: “3”
    services:
    php:
    image: php:7
    …
    database:
    image: mariadb:latest
    environment:
    MYSQL_USERNAME: rawkode
    MYSQL_PASSWORD: *******
    

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55. docker-compose.yml
    version: “3”
    services:
    php:
    image: php:7
    …
    database:
    image: mariadb:latest
    environment:
    MYSQL_USERNAME: rawkode
    MYSQL_PASSWORD: *******
    

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56. docker-compose.yml
    version: “3”
    services:
    php:
    image: php:7
    healthcheck:
    test: nc -z localhost 80
    depends_on:
    database:
    condition: service_healthy
    

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57. Demo
    

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58. Docker
    ◍ Image Builder
    ◍ Virtualisation
    ◍ Image Delivery
    ◍ Orchestration (Dev)
    ➔ docker build
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker push / pull
    ➔ docker-compose
    

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59. Tips
    I’ve learnt the hard way, so you don’t have to
    

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60. Tips: Use Random Ports
    services:
    php:
    ports:
    - 80
    

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61. Tips: Mindful of Network Collisions
    Every new docker-compose file is,
    potentially, a new docker network / bridge
    on your host.
    Eventually, you’ll get a collision
    docker-compose down
    

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62. Tips: Prune
    docker system prune
    Docker CE >= 17.04
    

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63. Tips: “Enterprise” Networks
    Start the Docker Engine with
    --dns
    or use
    dns:
    inside docker-compose.yml
    

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64. Tips: env_file
    Lots of environment variables defined
    inside compose.yml? Duplication?
    env_file:
    - some file
    

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65. Tips: Alpine Linux
    Unless you need Ubuntu / Fedora, use
    Alpine Linux
    Ubuntu -- 130MB
    Alpine -- 3.99MB
    

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66. Tips: Keep a Single Dockerfile
    Using ONBUILD, you can usually keep your
    project to a single Dockerfile
    ONBUILD COPY . /code
    echo “FROM base” > Dockerfile
    

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67. Tips: Routine Build of Base Images
    There’s no build cascading, ensure you
    have nightly / weekly / regular triggers on
    images that aren’t modified often
    

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68. Tips: Alias Everything
    docker-compose run --rm -it \
    php cache:clear
    Vs.
    dcr php cache:clear
    

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69. Tips: Be Lazy!
    Boilr
    github:tmrts/boilr
    github:rawkode/boilr-docker-compose-php
    

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70. Docker in Production
    Next Time ... or ask me in the pub!
    

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71. Docker
    ◍ Image Builder
    ◍ Virtualisation
    ◍ Image Delivery
    ◍ Orchestration (Dev)
    ◍ Log Collection
    ◍ Resource Management
    ◍ Orchestration (Prod)
    ◍ Secret Management
    ➔ docker build
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker push / pull
    ➔ Docker-compose
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker run
    ➔ docker swarm
    ➔ docker secret
    

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72. Questions?
    

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