Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
民主主義の思想史
Search
sgtn
August 09, 2020
Education
2
780
民主主義の思想史
マルレク事前準備資料
民主主義を人口や文脈や構造に着目して整理することを心がける。
sgtn
August 09, 2020
Tweet
Share
More Decks by sgtn
See All by sgtn
war model
shogochiai
0
80
Meta Contract on Steroids
shogochiai
0
84
Workshop: Solidity with LLM
shogochiai
2
150
Why ERC-7546 and where it is going.
shogochiai
0
210
UUPS2.pdf
shogochiai
0
43
風の時代とメタ国家
shogochiai
0
270
様相μ計算による計算論的な民主主義の健全性の評価 ~自律分散組織(DAO)による政体の超越性に向けて~ The theory of democraticity evaluation via modal mu-calculus for suggesting the supremacy of DAO for Nations.
shogochiai
0
37
Web3時代のDAOによるソシエタルデザイン
shogochiai
0
150
ptaa.app 解説資料
shogochiai
0
94
Other Decks in Education
See All in Education
論文紹介のやり方 / How to review
kaityo256
14
76k
(説明資料)オンラインゆっくり相談室
ytapples613
PRO
0
240
Carving the Way to Ruby Engineering
koic
3
810
Tips for the Presentation - Lecture 2 - Advanced Topics in Big Data (4023256FNR)
signer
PRO
0
220
5 Things Every L&D Pro Should Steal from Marketing
tmiket
0
160
Informasi Program Coding Camp 2025 powered by DBS Foundation
futura_dicoding29
0
110
Analysis and Validation - Lecture 4 - Information Visualisation (4019538FNR)
signer
PRO
0
1.9k
Web からのデータ収集と探究事例の紹介 / no94_jsai_seminar
upura
0
140
1216
cbtlibrary
0
280
リバースバケットリスト 〜 「死ぬまでにやることリスト」の欠点と対処法
takibi333
0
130
ヘイトスピーチがある世界のコミュニケーション
ktanishima
0
1.1k
ビジネススキル研修紹介(株式会社27th)
27th
PRO
1
690
Featured
See All Featured
Building a Modern Day E-commerce SEO Strategy
aleyda
38
7.1k
[RailsConf 2023] Rails as a piece of cake
palkan
53
5.3k
Principles of Awesome APIs and How to Build Them.
keavy
126
17k
The MySQL Ecosystem @ GitHub 2015
samlambert
250
12k
Statistics for Hackers
jakevdp
797
220k
Docker and Python
trallard
44
3.3k
I Don’t Have Time: Getting Over the Fear to Launch Your Podcast
jcasabona
32
2.1k
Testing 201, or: Great Expectations
jmmastey
42
7.2k
The World Runs on Bad Software
bkeepers
PRO
67
11k
How GitHub (no longer) Works
holman
314
140k
Designing for humans not robots
tammielis
250
25k
Why Our Code Smells
bkeepers
PRO
336
57k
Transcript
ຽओओٛͷࢥ࢙ ਓޱͱߏʹணͨ͠લ࢙͔࣌Βྩ·Ͱ
໔ ຊߨٛຽओओٛͷྺ࢙ͱߏʹ͔ؔ͠৺͕ͳ͘ɺ ຽओओٛҎ֎ͷ࣏ܗଶ͓Αͼ ࣗ༝ओٛࣾձओٛʹؔ͢ΔछʑͷٞҰΛল͘ͷͱ͢Δɻ ຽओओٛΛՄೳͳݶΓମܥతɾߏతʹѲ্ͨ͠Ͱɺ ຽҙʹج͍ͮͯछʑͷઃఆΛదʹͳͨ͢Ίͷج൫ΛݻΊΔ͜ͱΛ తͱ͢Δɻ
ࣗݾհ མ߹বޛ(29) ࠲ӈͷ: Պֶਓݖͷૅ ࠷ऴֶྺ: भେֶઌಋ࣭ݚڀॴୀֶ ओͳ৬ྺ: - ΠϯυωγΞ VIPPLAZA
CTO - ౦ژେֶֶ෦ࣾձઓֶུݚڀࣨ ݩಛݚڀһ - Cryptoeconomics Lab ڞಉۀ ओͳۀ - Plasma(EthereumߴԽख๏)ϗϫΠτϖʔύʔશฤຊޠ༁ - ΦϥΠϦʔΑΓϚελϦϯάΠʔαϦϜΛग़൛ - ੈքͰ།ҰPlasmaΛ࣮͍ͯ͠ΔνʔϜΛۀ - ࠃՈ͓Αͼ๏ͱϒϩοΫνΣʔϯͷֶࡍྖҬͰӳจࣥචଟ
ຽओओٛͷ 1. ϝσΟΞSNSͷӨڹྗΛͦͷ··ʹɺ͍͠தͰද໘తͳཧղͰ ථ͢Δਓͷׂ߹͕ଟ͘ͳΓ͕ͪͰ͋Δ͜ͱɺ͋Δ͍Informed CitizenryΛલఏͱ͍ͯ͠Δʹ͔͔ΘΒͣɺථऀͷେଟ͕ Informed CitizenryʹͳΓ͖Ε͍ͯͳ͍͜ͱɻ 2. ߏһͷදͨΔ࣏ՈͱެһͨΔ྅ͱࢧతཱʹ͍Δେا ۀͷؒͷෆಁ໌ͳίϛϡχέʔγϣϯͷதͰແೳͩͬͨΓෆཁͩͬͨ
Γഊͨ͠ߦ͕རݖͷͨΊʹઃ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ 3. (2)ͷརݖػߏΛຽҙͰഇࢭ͢ΔͨΊͷ࿑ྗͱఔ͕ଟ͗͢ΔͨΊʹ ഊʹରͯ͠ড়Խ͕͍͔ͭͳ͍͜ͱ
ຽओओٛͷ 4. ʹΑΔൈຊతͳվֵɺࣗΒͷࢧ࣋ମͱͳΔ৫ʹ߅͑ͳ ͍ɻ·ͨɺ࣏Ոੜ໋Λߟ͑Δͱຊ࣭తʹඞཁͳࢪࡦήʔϜཧత ʹଧͪग़͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ɻ 5. ࢿۚྗͷͳ͍࣏Ո࣏ࢿۚͷͨΊʹۚࡦʹۤ͠ΉͨΊɺ݁Ռͱ ͯ͠རݖΛٻΊΔʹ͋Δɻਗ਼྿ܿനͳ࣏ՈͨΔͨΊʹථాͱ ࢿ࢈͕ඞཁͰ͋Γɺੈऻٞһ͕ڧ͘ͳΔʹ͋Δɻ 6.
༏Εͨࡦ༏Ε࣏ͨՈ͕બΕΔߏʹͳ͍ɻ 7. ଟ͘ͷ߹ɺ࣏Ո͕զʑΛද͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ɻ
ຽओओٛͷ ཁ ߏతʹҰൠਓ͕ෆརͳͷͰ͋Δɻ
ຽओओٛͷ ͦͯ͠ զʑਓྨ͜Ε·Ͱɺ ٕज़తʹͦͷΑ͏ʹ͔͠ ຽओओٛΛ࣮Ͱ͖ͳ͔ͬͨɻ
ϚϠจ໌ ࣾձత֊͕ͬ ͖Γ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ل ݩલ1000~800ͷ ڞಉ࡞ۀͷࠟ ͷྺ࢙ΛৼΓฦΔ
ϖϧγϟจ໌ لݩલ800-500ɺϖϧγϟ(Πϥϯपล)ͷΦλωε͕ຽओओٛΛ ࣮ફ͍ͯͨ͠ͱ͍͏هड़͕(ఢࠃͰ͋Δ͕)ΪϦγϟͷྺ࢙ॻͱɺϧ ιʔͷॻ੶ͳͲʹ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ ۩ମతʹͲͷΑ͏ͳ࣏ܗଶͰ͔͋ͬͨใྔ͕ଟ͘ͳ͍͕ɺ ಛච͓͖ͯ͘͠Ͱ͋Ζ͏ɻ ΔਓͧΔ
ΪϦγϟจ໌ ্࢙࣮ੈքॳͷຽओ੍͕࣮ࢪ͞Εͨɻ لݩલ300લޙͷ͜ͱͰ͋Δɻ σϞΫϥγʔͱϙϦςΟΫε͍͏ݴ༿ͦΕͧΕ σϞε(ຽऺ),ΫϥςΟΞ(ࢧ),ϙϦε(ࢢ)͔Βདྷ͍ͯΔɻ ຽओ੍Ͱ͋Γɺౕྴ,ঁੑ,ҠॅऀࢀݖΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ɻͨ͠ ͕ͬͯΞςωਓޱ12ສਓͷ͏ͪ3ສਓͷΈ͕ࢀՃͨ͠ɻ ๏ͷ͕ࣝو͔Βࢢຽʹղ์͞Εͨɻ ιΫϥςεͷॲܐޙɺϓϥτϯ͕ऺ۪࣏Λܯռ͠ग़ͨ͠ɻ ͜ΕΛຽओओٛͱݺͿʹࢀݖ͕։͔Εͯͳ͗͢͞Δɻ
ॳͷຽओ੍
ϩʔϚจ໌ Ωέϩ(~B.C.43)ݩӃ(্Ӄ), ຽձ(ԼӃ) ࣥ(ݩट)Λͯ͠ࡾݖཱͱͨ͠ɻ A.C. 212ʹࢀݖ͕શஉੑਓʹ֦େ͞Εͨɻ B.C.25ʹ͓͚ΔϩʔϚఇࠃͷਓޱ5680ສਓͱݴΘΕ ͍ͯΔɻ ཚੈͱͳΔͱಠࡋͱݺΕΔ๏نతߦҝΛڐ͞Εͨ
ߦ͕ॲཧͨ͠ ͪΖΜಠࡋͨ͠͠͠ɻ ॳͷؒຽओ੍
ΠϯάϥϯυԦࠃ 30ઓ૪ͱແֵ໋݂ 1648ɺϰΣετϑΝʔϨϯʹΑΓෳࠃ ͕ಉ࣌ʹࠃՈʹՄೳͳৼΔ͍Λ๏తʹఆٛ͠ ͨɻ͜Ε30ઓ૪ͷԠुΛࢭΊΔͨΊͰ͋ͬ ͨɻ ϩοΫࠃຽͷ߅ݖ(ֵ໋ݖ)ΛೝΊΔΑ͏આ ͖ɺϧιʔຽओओٛͷ༏ӽੑΛઆ͍ͨɻ ࠃຽओݖΛೝΊͨ๏࣏ओٛʹ͓͚Δຽओओٛͱ ͯ͠ॳΊͯͷͷͱͳΔɻ
ϑϥϯε 1789ʹϰΝεςΟʔϢ࿚ࠈͱ͍͏Րༀݿͷऻܸ͔Β࢝ ·Γɺ֤ͷྖओऻܸͱ࠴݊ഁյͳͲʹଓ͖ɺஈ֊తͳ ਓݖએݴࠃԦͷओݖണୣͱଓ͖ɺ్தಠࡋݖͷൃ ͳͲͷឯ༨ۂંΛܦͯ1794ʹҰ୴ͷֵ໋ͷऴଉΛݟ Δɻͦͷޙ1871ʹ࠶ֵ໋Λܦݧ͠ɺۙຽओओٛͱ ͳΔɻ ຽओओٛͷߏੳͱ͍͏ҙຯͰ͋·ΓޠΔ͜ͱͳ ͍͕ɺ࢈ۀֵ໋ͷޙԡ͠Ͱࢢຽ֊ڃͷྗ͕ٸʹ৳ͼͨ ͷݴٴʹ͢Δɻ
ຽओओٛͷ໊ࢺ
φνευΠπ ݴΘ͕ͣͳͰ͋Δ͕ɺώτϥʔ͍Δφνౘຽओओ ٛͷج൫ͷ্ͰಠࡋΛͤͨ͞ɻ ҝऀͷଐਓੑʹΑͬͯෆརͳཱʹͳΓ͍͢ਓʑΛ ͨ͘͢ਓݖ৵Ͱ͖ͯ͠·͏͜ͱ͕Α͘Θ͔ΔࣄྫͰ ͋Δɻ બຽࢥͷة͏͞ɺਓݖͷॏཁੑɺ࣏ʹۜͷؙ͕ͳ ͍͜ͱ͕ྺ࢙ʹ͔ͬ͠Γͱࠁ·ΕͨతͳຽओओٛͰ ͋ͬͨɻ ѱ໊ߴ͖
ΠϯυωγΞ 1945ʹୈೋ࣍ੈքେઓऴྃޙɺຊ͔Βಠཱ͍ͯ͠ Δɻਓޱ2.67ԯਓͰ͋Γɺ9ׂ͕ΠεϥϜڭͱͱ͍͏͜ͱ ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͕ɺாཧʹ͓͍ͯफڭ͕ແهೖͩͱΠε ϥϜڭͱͯ͠Χϯτ͞ΕΔͱᷚ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ 2019ͷେ౷ྖબڍͰ3͔͚ؒͯࢴͷථ༻ࢴΛ։ථ ͠ɺظޏ༻ͷ։ථऀ500໊͕ա࿑ࢮͨ͠ɻ·ͨɺ͜ͷબ ڍͰΠεϥϜྗ͕ථॴΛڌͯ͠ථΛ્͠ ͨΓͨ͠ɻ ੈଏΠεϥϜओٛ
https://www.newsweekjapan.jp/
Πϯυ ੈք࠷େͷຽओओٛࠃ 1976ʹࣾձओٛ ੈଏओٛత ຽओओٛڞ੍Λએݴ ࣌ਓޱ6.3ԯਓͰ͋Δɻ ݱࡏͷਓޱ13.5ԯਓ,༗ݖऀ8.3ԯਓͰ͋ΓɺࢴʹΑΔ େ౷ྖબڍ10ճʹΘ͚ͯ1ϲ݄Λཁ͢Δɻ ࠃܦࡁΛࠃӦاۀ͕ݖΛѲ͓ͬͯΓɺͦͷഊ มຽରཱଟ༷Ͱ͋Δɻ
ϦϏΞ Ξϥϒͷय़Ҏલͷຽओओٛ ࠷ߴࢦಋऀ͓Αͼ܉େࠤͰ͋ΔΧμϑΟɺ1969ͷϦϏΞֵ໋ͰݖΛ֫ಘ ޙɺ2011ʹઓͰઓࢮ͋Δ͍҉ࡴ͞ΕͨɻେࠤͰ͋Δཧ༝Τδϓτͷ φʔηϧେ౷ྖ݉େࠤͷܟҙɻ ൴ʮͷॻʯʹͯຽओ੍ͷ༏ӽੑΛཧ࿏વͱઆ͍͍ͯΔɻ δϟϚʔώϦʔϠͱ͍͏൴ಠࣗͷຽओ੍Λ࣮ࡍʹ༻͍ͯ͠Δ͕ɺجຊతʹ ܉ࣄݖͱͯ͠ମ੍ҡ͓࣋ͯ͠ΓɺઓʹΑΔݖަͱ͍͏࿏ΛݟΔʹػ ೳෆશ͕ݟͯऔΕΔɻ ͜ͷޙϦϏΞઓঢ়ଶΛܧଓ͓ͯ͠ΓɺΞϥϒͷय़ͷओཁࠃͱͯ͠ڍ͛ΒΕΔ
ͷͷɺͦͷ࣮ଶۮવݖަͷ࣌ظ͕Ұக͚ͨͩ͠Ͱ͋Δͱݴ͑Δɻ ΧμϑΟͷΞϑϦΧ߹ऺࠃߏΛࢭ͢ΔͨΊͷถࠃͷࢥͰͳ͍͔ͱ͍͏ਪ ଌ͋Δɻ
ΠλϦΞ ݱ༩ౘޒͭౘޒͭӡಈͱ͍͏Ϣʔϩෆ࠾༻ɺٸܹͳࡒ֦େɺϫ ΫνϯͳͲͷࡦΛܝ͛Δӡಈ͔Βੜ·ΕͨݖͰ͋ΓϙϐϡϦζϜౘ ͱͯ͠൷͞Ε͕ͪͰ͋Δɻग़അίετ੍͕͍Λ࣋ͭࠃͰ͋Γɺౘट εϙʔΫεϚϯίϝσΟΞϯىۀՈ͕Ί͍ͯΔɻ ΞϓϦʮϧοιʯͰશࡦΛެ։͠ɺϝʔϧͰථͰ͖Δɻ ΞϓϦʮγΣΞϦϯάʯͰࢢຽఏҊ͕ٞͰ͖ɺౘһථଟͰ࠾͞ ΕΔɻ ֗தͷΧϑΣͳͲͰ࣏Ո͕ٞʹࢀՃ͠ɺࢢຽͱͷҰମײΛఆৗతʹৢ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ҙ͍ࣝͯ͠Δɻ
20201݄ʹޒͭౘౘट͕ࣙ৬͓ͯ͠Γɺݖͷण໋͕͍ۙɻ ϙϐϡϦζϜతຽओ੍
ΞϝϦΧ ֤भಠࣗͷभ๏Λཧ͓ͯ͠Γɺྫ๏ओٛͱ҆ՁͰେྔ ͷ๏ਓһʹج͍ͮͯ࿈๏ͱͷໃ६ΛૌুͰղܾ͢Δࠃ Ͱ͋Δɻ ্Ӄ(وӃʹ༝དྷ)ͱͱख़ٞͷͱͯ͠ఆٛ͞Ε͓ͯ ΓɺԼӃΑΓগͳ͍ਓͰߏ͞Ε͓ͯΓɺҟٞͷ͋Δ ࡍϑΟϦόελʔ੍Λ༻͍ͯٞձΛఀࢭ͠ɺҰ൩தٞ Λਚ͘͢͜ͱΛܗࣜతʹྑ͠ͱ͍ͯͨ͠ɻ ݱࡏͰ࠷ߴࡋࣄͷൺڞౘدΓͱͳΓɺτϥϯϓ େ౷ྖʹΑΔΤάθΫςΟϒΦʔμʔSNSར༻ʹΑΓӈ
ϙϐϡϦζϜͷʹ͋Δɻ ࿈ຽओ੍
ຊ 1994ʹ࣌ࣗຽౘͷখҰٞһ͕ओಋͨ͠খબڍ੍۠ʹΑΓɺൊ ࣏ऑମԽ͕ͨ͠ɺ࣏ՈΛҭ͢Δମྗ͕Լͨ͠ɻ Β͘ͷࣗຽౘݖԼͷӨڹͰɺ৽ن໋͞ΕΔ࠷ߴࡋࣄࣗຽౘֳ ໋͕ͨ͠ਓʑͰ͋Γɺछʑͷ๏ྩʹҧݑܾ͕ग़ͳ͍ঢ়ଶͰ͋Δ(͔͠ ͠ͳ͕Βߦతͳࣄଘࡏ͢Δ)ɻ ҆ഒֳֳਓࣄہΛঠѲͨ͜͠ͱʹΑΓɺߦͷͱͯ͠װ෦྅ͷ ౷࣏ྗΛߴΊɺΠΤεϚϯΛ૿͍ͯ͠ΔɻՃ͑ͯ๏੍ہΛֳʹ࠶ஔ ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺֳ͔Βͷ๏Ҋͷ௨աΛ8ׂͱߴΊͭͭɺࣗຽౘҎ֎ͷ ࣏ՈʹΑΔٞһཱ๏ͷ௨ա2ׂఔͱ͍͏ܗʹͳ͍ͬͯΔɻ
͜ͷମ੍ʹ͔͔ΘΒͣۓٸ࣌ରԠྗ͘ɺߏ্ֳࢧ࣋Λ͍͔ ͚ΔΑ͏ͳܗʹͳ͍ͬͯΔɻ ಠࡋతຽओ੍
ؖࠃ 1987·Ͱ։ൃ܉ࣄಠࡋঢ়ଶͰ͋ͬͨɻ ͦͷʹ6݄߅૪ͱ͍͏݄ʹΘͨΔ100ສਓنͷσϞ͕͋Γɺ ຽओԽ͕ୡ͞Εͨɻ ؖࠃͷਓஉࢠ2ؒͷฌ͕͋ΔͨΊɺ֤ਓͦΕͳΓͷઓಆܦݧ ͕͋Δɻ൴Β͕σϞΛߦ͏ͱ͖ɺ௨ৗͷܯୂͰѹͰ͖ͳ͍ѹ ྗ͕͋ΔͨΊʹɺσϞͷࣗݾޮ༻ײ͕૬ରతʹߴ͍͕͋Δͱݴ ΘΕ͍ͯΔɻ ͜ΕʹΑΓɺຽओओٛΛదʹߦ͏ͨΊͷํ๏Λֶश͢Δػӡ ͋Γɺຊʹൺͯࣗओੑ͕ߴ͍͕ݟͯऔΕΔɻ
ฌ੍͕ੜΉڧྗͳຽओओٛ
εΠε 1971ʹ࿈ϨϕϧͰঁੑͷࢀݖ͕ೝΊΒΕͨɻ εΠεࠃຽ4ճɺ15ͷ߲ʹରͯ͠ࠃຽථΛߦ͏ɻ ʹू·Δථํ๏Λߦ͏࣏ࣗମ͋Δ͕ɺجຊతʹ ࢴʹΑΔ௨ৗͷථ͔ɺ༣ૹͰ͋Δɻ SwisspostʹΑΔిࢠථγεςϜ͕ܽؕൃݟ͞ΕɺՔ ಇ͕ո͍͠ɻ ७વͨΔຽओ੍
ΤετχΞ KGBͷใڌ͕͋ͬͨλϦϯΛι࿈͔Βୣऔͯ͠ಠཱ ͨ͠എܠ͔ΒɺΤετχΞίϯϐϡʔλʔ͔͠ͳ͍ࠃ ͱͯ࢝͠·ͬͨɻ EUͷిࢠิॿۚΛతʹઌਐతͳిࢠγεςϜ Λల։ͯ͠ϝσΟΞΛΘ͍ͯ͠Δ͕ɺͦͷ࣮ଟ͘ͷߦ γεςϜ͍উख͕ѱ͔ͬͨΓɺࠃՈنͷখ͔͞͞Β γεςϜ͕؆ૉͩͬͨΓɺ࣭ྔͱʹΓ͍ͯͳ͍ɻ ϞόΠϧిࢠථ௨ৗڴഭମ੍͕͍͕ɺલ·ͰΩϟ ϯηϧ͕Մೳͳ༷ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰڴഭΛ؇͍ͯ͠Δɻ
ͪΖΜථظؒதͣͬͱுΓ͔ͭΕΔͱҙຯ͕ͳ͍ɻ ిࢠҰ൪ख
த՚ຽࠃ࣌ʹࠃຽౘʹॴଐ͢Δ܉͕ɺݱத՚ਓຽڞ ࠃ(ڞ࢈ౘ܉)ͱઓಆͨ݁͠ՌɺݱͷҐஔʹୀ٫ͤ͟Δ ΛಘͣͰ͖ͨࠃͰ͋Δɻ ͦͷޙɺಠཱࠃՈͱͯ͠ຽओ੍Λෑ͘ੑ֨ΛڧΊɺதࠃͷ ڴҖʹର߅͢ΔͨΊʹए͘༏लͳਓࡐΛֳʹݻΊ͍ͯ Δɻ ରதࠃͷةػײ
ख़ٞຽओओٛ ؒຽओ੍ͷཧɺ͋Δ͍ຽओ੍ͷվྑ
ετϩϯάσϞΫϥγʔ ΞϝϦΧͷֶ࣏ऀɺϕϯδϟϛϯɾRɾόʔόʔ ͕ఏএͨ͠ख़ٞຽओओٛͷॳظܗ Ϧϕϥϧͳؒຽओ੍ΛThin Democracyͱ൷͠ɺͦͷ ഊ͢͠͞ࢢຽͷΛห͠ͳ͍ੑ࣭Λֶతͳච கͰઆ໌ɻ ۩ମతʹɺϥϯμϜʹࢢຽΛબͯ͠ɺࡦ͝ͱʹઐ Ոͱͷ࣌ؒͷٞΛ௨ͯ͠ҙࢥܾఆΛ͍ͯ͘͠ํࣜɻ 1984
Deliberative Polling ελϯϑΥʔυେֶͷδΣʔϜεɾϑΟεΩϯ͕ఏএɻ Deliberative Pollingͷ໊শඪొ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ جຊతͳ༰ετϩϯάɾσϞΫϥγʔͱॏෳɻ ܚጯٛक़େֶʹ2013͝ͱD.P.θϛ͕ଘࡏͨ͠ɻ 20109݄ʹTimeࢽͰʮࢢຽʹ༗ҙٛͳܾஅ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ ͔ʁʯͱΘΕͨࡍɺϑΟεΩϯʮࣗݾޮྗײ͕͋Δͱ ͖ɺࢢຽઐॻΛࣗൃతʹಡΈɺઐՈʹڻ͘Α͏ͳӶ͍
࣭ΛͰ͖Δɻख़ٞͷΛ͑Δ͜ͱͱɺ৴ͯ͡ػձΛ༩͑ Δ͜ͱͱɺഊͷ༨Λ͞ͳ͍͜ͱ͕ॏཁͩʯͱ͍͏झࢫ ͷฦΛ͍ͯ͠Δɻ 1988
Deliberative Opinion Poll ϋʔόʔυେֶͰྙཧֶͷڭ佃ΛࣥΔหޢ࢜Ͱ͋ ΔϩʔϨϯεɾϨογάʹΑΔஶ࡞ They Don't Represent Us ͰҾ༻͞Εͨɻ
ϨογάϞϯΰϧɺΞΠεϥϯυɺΞΠϧϥϯυ Ͱͷվݑٞʹ͓͚Δར༻࣮ͱɺऺ۪తͰͳ͍ҙ ࢥܾఆͷࣄྫΛҾ༻͍ͯ͠Δɻ ετϩϯάσϞΫϥγʔʹൺֱͯ͠ෆ͍ͯ͠Δͷ ɺܧଓతʹ࣮ߦ͢Δࡍͷෛ୲ͷٞͰ͋ΓɺͲͪ Βʹෆ͍ͯ͠Δͷɺͷዞҙੑഊʹର ͢ΔରԠͷٞͰ͋Δɻ 2019
͞Βʹۙతͳຽओओٛ ใγεςϜͱϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
Transformative Government ిࢠܥֶज़ࢽGovernment Information Quarterlyʹͯ 2019͝ΖΑΓࢄݟ͞ΕΔT-GOVͱݺΕΔ֓೦ɻ ICTٕज़Λʹಋೖ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺΑΓߴͰॊೈͳ੍ ઃܭΛࢼͤΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱΛओு͢ΔͷͰ͋Δ͕ɺҰ ۩ମతͳ࣮ʹؔ͢Δใଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ɻ 2019
Radical Democracy Ethereumൃ໌ऀVitalik ButerinͱPrinstonେֶ͓ΑͼϚΠΫϩιϑτݚڀॴͷ ܦࡁֶऀGlen Weyl͕ൃҊͨ͠ථ͓Αͼ༧ࢉׂํࣜɻ ͋ΔఏҊʹدΛߦ͏ͨͼʹɺQuadratic Fundingͱ͍͏ํఔࣜΛ༻͍ͯɺ૬ ֹͷ༧ࢉΛࠃݿͷΑ͏ͳࢿۚϓʔϧ͔ΒׂΓͯΔɻݴ͍͑ΔͱدΛ ථݖͱͨ͠ຽओओٛͱҰछͷϓϧʔτΫϥγʔͷؒʹ͋Δ༧ࢉํ
ࣜͰ͋Δɻ ϓϧʔτΫϥγʔ൷ͷͱͯ͠ɺQ.F.ͷํఔࣜରؔͳͷͰɺΉ͠ ΖࠓͷຽओओٛΑΓෆརͳཱʹͳΓ͍͢ਓʑʹ༏͍͠ͱ͍͏ͷ͕͋ Δɻ EthereumͷGlobal StateΛ༻͍ͳ͍ͱ࣮Ͱ͖ͳ͍ͨΊɺΠϯυͷΑ͏ͳେ ࠃͰར༻͢Δ͜ͱҙਤ͞Ε͓ͯΒͣɺखྉ্͕ঢ͢Δͱখֹدͷ࠷ ্ֹ͕ۚঢͯ͠͠·͍ɺෆརͳཱʹͳΓ͍͢ਓʑ͔ΒඃΛड͚Δɻ 2020
Internet of Democraticity චऀ͕ఏҊ͍ͯ͠ΔετϩϯάσϞΫϥγʔΛEthereumϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ্ Ͱ࣮͢Δख๏ɻRadical DemocracyͷܽͰ͋Δखྉͷରࡦͱͯ͠ɺࢀ ํ๏ΛࡦͷدͰͳ͘ɺετϩϯάσϞΫϥγʔͷఏҊ৹ٞͰߦ ͏͜ͱͱͯ͠ߟ͑ͨͨ͠ΊɺखྉߴಅͰͳ͍ɻ ख़ٞຽओओٛͷͨΊʹઃܭ͍ͯ͠ΔաఔͰຽओओ͕ٛΑ͘நԽ͞Εͨͨ ΊɺΧελϜͰؒຽओ੍༻Ͱ͖ɺ࣏ࣗମࠃՈͷITԽࢪࡦͷҰͱ͠
ͯಋೖ։࢝͢Δ͜ͱͰ͖Δɻ ετϩϯάσϞΫϥγʔͷܽͰ͋ͬͨͷዞҙੑɺEthereumͱ͍͏ϒ ϩοΫνΣʔϯͷվ᜵ੑΛ༻͍ͯཚΛऔಘͨ͠ΓࠃݿΛཧ͢Δ͜ͱͰ ղফ͞Εͨɻ࣏ഊͷରࡦɺֶతʹಋ͔ΕΔ݅Λຬ͍ͨͯ͠Δݶ Γɺ͍ͭͰຽҙͰഊͨ͠ߦΛ͙͢ʹೖΕସ͑Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΈʹ Αͬͯ୲อ͍ͯ͠Δɻ ετϩϯάσϞΫϥγʔࣗମࣗ༝ओٛɺબຽࢥɺਓݖࢥΛڧ੍͢Δ ͷͰͳ͍ͷͰɺຽҙʹԠͯ͡ࢼߦࡨޡͰ͖Δɻ 2020
ͦͷଞͷຽओओٛ Slate Star Codexͷ·ͱΊΑΓ https://slatestarcodex.com/2020/06/17/slightly-skew-systems-of-government/ ※͜ͷհචऀͷࢍಉΛҙຯ͠ͳ͍ ※2 δϣʔΫͷΑ͏ͳ੍ઃܭ͕ଟ͍
Clamzoria தԝۜߦ͕ީิऀʹͻ͍ͮͨ࠴݊Λൃߦ͢Δɻ ͜ͷ࠴݊બऀͷظऴྃޙʹࠃຽঝೝͷ͚ͩརӹΛͤͯঈؐ͞Ε Δɻ બ͠ͳ͔ͬͨऀͷ࠴͍݊͞Εɺͦͷ࠴݊Λอ༗͍ͯͨ͠ऀརճΓ ΛಘΒΕͳ͍ɻ બऀՌΛٻΊΒΕΔ͕ނʹɺਓؾͷग़ͦ͏ͳࡦΛެͨ͠Γ࣮ߦ͢ ΔΠϯηϯςΟϒ͕ͳ͘ͳΓɺݱ࣮తͳࡦΛެͨ͠Γ࣮ߦ͢Δ͜ͱͰঝ ೝΛߴΊͨΓݖӡӦΛ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΔɻ Futarchyྨࣅͷ੍࣏Ͱ͋Δɻ
ຊจதͰLord Bloodholme͕࣮ࢪͨ͠ͱॻ͍ͯ͋Δ͕ɺ͜Εஶऀͷ࡞Ͱ ͋ΔɻSlate Star CodexஶऀϕΠΤϦΞࡏॅͷϒϩΨʔͰ͋Δɻ ࢢ࣏
Cognito େ౷ྖʹԿͷݖݶ࣋ͨͤͣɺࢢຽཱ๏Λߦ͏ɻ ࢢຽཱ๏ͷର֤ࢢʹ༻ҙ͞ΕͨάϦου༷ͷ͔͠ΕͨͰͷ ฏతσϞͱͯ͠ߦ͏ɻ σϞͷن͕େ͖͍ҙݟ͕࠾༻͞ΕΔɻ ిࢠථ͕ʑͱͯ͠ਐ·ͳ͍͜ͱͷδϣʔΫΛࠐΊͨΞΠσΞͩΖ͏ ͕ɺίϩφΟϧεͷ͍ͤͰ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔະདྷདྷͦ͏ʹͳ͍ɻ ݑ๏ͰఆΊΒΕͨऺ۪࣏
Yyphrostikoth 12ͷද͕ϝλͳٞձΛߏ͠ɺͦΕҎԼͷ࣏ࣗभͦΕͧΕʹԦɺٞձ ੍ຽओओٛɺϓϧʔτΫϥγʔ(ۚݖ࣏)ɺςΫϊΫϥγʔ(ϊʔϕϧड ऀΒʹΑΔಠࡋ)ɺϝϦτΫϥγʔ(ࢼݧ྅࣏)ɺ܉ࣄಠࡋɺڞ࢈ओٛɺ Futarchy(Clamzoriaࢀর)ɺδΣϩϯτΫϥγʔ(࣏)ɺϛφʔΩʔ(࠷খ ࠃՈ)ɺڞࠃओٛ(12ͷϝϯόʔʹΑͬͯදΛܾΊΔ੍)ɺςΦΫϥγʔ (ਆ͕બΜͩͱ͞ΕΔϥϯμϜʹબΕͨࢢຽ͕ධٞһͷܾΛڋ൱Ͱ͖Δ੍ )ͳͲΛׂΓͯΔɻ ϝλٞձ൴ΒΛࢹ͠ɺࣦΛॿ͚ɺόϥϯεΛͱΒͤΔɻ͔͠͠ϝλٞ ձͷϝϯόʔΫϥτΫϥγʔ(ڧ͍ऀ͕ࢧ͢Δ੍)ͰબΕΔɻ
ࠃ࿈ͱੈքͷؔͦͷͷͰ͢Ͷɻ શ෦ΓͷΪϟά͋Δ͍ࠃࡍடংͷΦϚʔδϡ
·ͱΊ 1. ༗໊ͳΪϦγϟͷຽओओ͔ٛΒΤετχΞͷຽओओ ٛ·ͰɺҰຽओओ͕ٛͨ͜͠ͱͳ͍ɻ 2. ຽओओ͕ٛΠϯλʔωοτΛར༻͢ΔͨΊʹɺར ༻ʹઌཱͬͯγεςϜͷ҆શੑࢀݖͷอશͳͲ ͕ඞཁͰ͋ΔɻͦΕ͕ෆेͰ͋Δ߹ɺશ͘ ͑ͳ͘ͳΔ͔ɺطଘͷΓํΛલఏͱͨ͠αϒͷཱ ͪҐஔʹͳΔɻ
3. ຽओओٛͦͷͷΛࢼߦࡨޡՄೳʹ͢ΔͨΊʹɺ ຽओओٛΛσδλϧԽ͢Δج൫ඞཁͰ͋Δɻ
՝ 1. ͋ΔγεςϜج൫Λಋೖ͢Δ͜ͱͰຽओओٛͷՄೳ ͳܗ͕҉ʹ੍ݶ͞Ε͍͚ͯͳ͍ɻຽओओٛͷ͋ ΓํΛ্खʹநԽ͠ɺΧελϜՄೳʹ͢Δඞཁ͕ ͋Δɻ 2. ຽओओٛج൫ΛΧελϜͯ͠ࢼߦࡨޡ͢ΔࡍʹɺͲ ͷΧελϜগͳ͘ͱγεςϜͱͯ҆͠શͰɺߦ ͕ഊͨ͠ͱ͖ʹ࠷খͷਓత٘ਜ਼ͰϦηοτ͕͔͚
ΒΕΔΑ͏ͳํ๏Λ֬ೝ͓ͯ͘͠ɻ 3. ෆརͳཱʹͳΓ͍͢ࢢຽͷʮΧελϚʔδϟʔ χʔʯΛߟ͑ͯɺ൴ΒΛแׅͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δɻ