Sophie Bristow Gaming Convergence presentation

Gaming Presentation

Transcript

1. How has convergence affected gaming?
2. How has convergence affected gaming? The topic I chose to research about is ‘How has convergence affected gaming?’ Firstly I had to understand what convergence was the general definition is: It being all types of a subject or something linked to that subject that has been brought together to advance and improve its original state. However the convergence of gaming is using the gaming culture to increase the advancement of the original product and introducing other products and services to combine with it to Improve its original development. I needed to research the types of convergence that has been involved in gaming through the years, such as TV and the internet being available to use on games consoles. By understanding the types of convergence that have happened to the gaming culture, I realised how much more in-depth on my research could be developed. I divided my topic into sub questions that I wanted to gather from my research and the project, what I wanted to learn from it and could educate others with. Further on I would divide these questions again into what I thought would be suitable and relatable to either my primary or secondary research sources that I would find.
3. Primary research methods • The research technique methods I will be carrying out to pursue my Primary research are; • Interviews • A form of Observations • Forum- Analysing and participating in a Games forum based on opinion • Online Polls For the Primary research I thought that interviewing relevant interviewees would be vital to my analysis and report compared to just interviewing random individuals. I have particular people in the games industry that I would like to interview such as a games manager from a high street shop that knows a lot about games and has his own opinion. Other interviewees may include addictive gamers which relates to my aggressive and addiction subquestions. I planned to ask similar questions to each interviewee depending on their role in relevance to the gaming industry however getting multiple interviewees in this industry could be hard to contact and time consuming on waiting for replies and answers. For my Observation research, I planned to observe two different gamers for up to one hour of the day. One being the aggressive frustrated addicted gamer that tends to shout at the screen. Then my second observation being of a quite a quiet gamer that keeps to himself and is the complete opposite to the first gamer. I believe this observation could potentially answer my sub questions and help my progress with my final report. At first I planned to approach my gamers by filming the observation and tell the gamers about my task. However I rethought about this method and the disadvantage to this is that the gamers may act differently in front of the camera. Therefore them not applying themselves well to my observation. I have decided to use a gaming forum for research. I shall post a new topic on a particular gaming site I have come across whilst doing my secondary research. I will post between 2-4 questions to try and get various opinions across from different topics taken from my sub-questions. Once I get the opinions I need I will analyse what gamers have suggested and said, based around the information I wanted to find out from them. A Gaming forum will hopefully have a successful outcome of opinions for my analysis. Games forums are a noble idea because I wanted to reach a specific target audience that is relevant to my topic. I chose Gamespot forums because I’d researched articles on their website for my secondary research. Games forums are mainly used for comments, opinions and research which is an advantage and beneficial to my primary research findings. I knew that the gamers didn’t have to comment on my posts however that is what forums are for, and they were keen to comment and get their opinion across. I have chosen to create online polls as my fourth Primary Research method. The reason I have chosen this method is because I wish to review the results in a percentage quantative research form. Therefore I will be able to rank the results shown from users that have taken my polls. I will use social media network websites as a connection to get my polls across to an audience, including twitter, facebook, emails and gamespot forums etc. Online polls is a broad method by allowing me post links by using social media to attract my particular target audience for their relevant opinion. Interviews Observations Forums Online Polls
4. What is the future of gaming? This is a quite a vague question I chose for the reasoning that I wanted personal opinions and people that were asked this question had to really dig deep into gaming and think about how it could evolve in the future. Therefore asking this question had the possibility of receiving a wide variety of answers. When I asked the Primary Source VG247 games editor Patrick Garratt what is the future of gaming he stated. “ It's a very difficult question to answer but, loosely it's "the cloud". Constant connectivity across all digital devices will mean we'll have access to all our games all the time, no matter which screen we have at hand. A good example of an early way this is working is Amazon's Kindle: you have access to all your books on your Kindle, your PC, your phone, and so on. An expectation that all games will be cloud-compatible will affect both the size of the audience and the software itself.” The cloud is being able to sync all of your devices and for it to feature and storage all the same information. Even though it’s Patrick’s opinion on the cloud, he knows what he is talking about which I think matters most. Just like Patrick’s opinion what he said is the third popular vote on my online poll for what is the future of gaming. ‘The cloud’ had 19% of the vote out of 103 votes. The majority of the results were received from the gamers response’s when I posted the poll on the online Gamespot forum. I believe that this audience was relevant to the topic and were the reason for the high numbers of votes because they play these games and experience the various consoles. Other primary source responses are included from the online forums on Gamespot whom the majority also agree with the cloud being the future of gaming. These gamers responded on the Gamespot forum and believe that the OnLive Cloud system will become the future and they seem to have a strong opinion. The majority of my Primary Sources have suggested that the cloud will become the future of gaming, however it is a controversial question and has possible answers. Sam Eastwood (Recorded Primary Interview Source) states a different opinion on the future of gaming. “I still think that console gaming is really the way forward, I know that there's a lot of interactive play with like Wii and Kinect, but I still think that’s a gimmick and won’t last long.” Sam Eastwood suggests that console gaming will still be the future of gaming and hadn’t mentioned anything about the ‘cloud’ like various other primary sources have suggested.
5. Could gaming become completely digital in the future and the risk of console discs vanishing? Console discs is a debatable topic; whether in the future we will see them vanish or not. One of the questions being will they die out to make room for digital downloads? This is what Primary source online interviewee Patrick Garratt from the gaming website VG247 had to say. ‘Services like Steam are very popular for PC; Xbox Live and PSN are already vital for 360 and PS3, and sell full games. In the next generation, it'll be normal to buy full console games online and download them, as opposed to waiting for the disc. I think it's inevitable that we're going to see discs die away in the coming years, that doesn't mean game sales will decline, though.” Patrick clearly feels that digital downloads will most likely take over console discs future technology, however if games are not just changed to digital he believes that they will be distributed in another method to get to its audiences. “The money will continue to grow and games will just be delivered in a different way. The high street games store, rightly or wrongly, is on borrowed time.” In the near future he believes that they are beginning to deliver their games in a different format. Scott Steinberg from Ecommercetimes .com (Source 12) believes that companies will find ways to keep console discs alive, he suggests that the discs are the only way for the companies to keep an eye on its gamers, and what they are up to. “Companies also like to keep consumers within their closed systems, where they can track every move you make as you play games, watch movies or listen to music. The minute you leave your console to play games or consume content through your PC or smartphone, you vanish from their sight.” Companies do this, but I can understand why they want to keep their audiences close together, to keep funding and money from them buying games. The questionable debate is why have discs lasted for so long? The new generation thrives on its downloads and being able to download digital games illegally and legally. Primary source CEX games shop assistant Sam Eastwood says this from his recorded interview, “I think that they're in the process of doing the digital disc thing now, the systems called OnLive. You pay a server, and buy or rent the game. I still think people like owning games and physically having them because there's no telling what your computer will do if it crashes breaks, you still have the disc with the hard-core game on it.” In my Primary research Polls I asked what is the future of gaming? I sent this out on my Gamespot forum and received overall 72 replies to the question from the poll however, my results show that the leading top answer was ‘Digital gaming without use of console discs’ which won the vote by 48%.
6. From my ‘future’ poll question the results show that the majority of gamers that answered believe that games discs will eventually advance into digital. However this is some of the answers that I received from my gamespot forum on the topic of console discs. These are just a few of the six answers that I received on the games forum. All the gamers clearly agree that digital could potentially be the possible future of gaming. Gamespot Forums
7. Further research on Gaming convergence At the start of my research project I wanted to find out more from my question of ‘How has convergence affected gaming?’ I decided to brainstorm what convergence is and how it is potentially changing the gaming culture. I came up with a set of sub-questions which I would base my primary and secondary research upon. However occasionally I found out from my research that there were more answers beyond my sub-questions, and my research inconclusive about true gaming culture and therefore raised more questions that needed to be answered. I researched further on with more straight forward questions which I thought would be needed for my particular primary methods. I chose to include these new questions to hopefully receive a variety of answers, opinions, comments and strengthen my findings. For example: I split my subquestions into several questions on gaming and when I decided to post them on the online Gamespot forum, I originally was going to post 2-4 questions but I realised that I had to be more indepth to receive the replies that I was looking for. Other questions included: • Why do you play games? • What makes it exciting for you? • What attracts you? • What console do you prefer? • Should games creators invent new ways to play old games? • Are there other competitive products in the market that could potentially decrease gaming sales figures? • Which gaming do you prefer? Online PC or console?
8. Is Mobile or portable handheld gaming the possible future technology? Mobile and handheld gaming devices/consoles were a major part of my research, especially the current market of smartphones that are dominating with their app markets. To get feedback for this question I found several secondary sources, by searching this subquestion. Keiji Inafune states that “If you want to play a good game, you get a PS3 or Xbox or that kind of thing. You don’t stay on your iPhone or on a Smartphone game for three or five hours, nobody would do that. So I think the needs difference is happening here.” (Source25) Patrick Garratt an editor of the popular gaming website VG247 seems to agree with Keiji. ‘I think handheld tech is just part of the future picture. At the moment to predicting the "death of games consoles" because of the rise of mobile platforms such as iOS and Android, but I believe there'll be room under the TV for dedicated game boxes for many years to come. If you want very high-powered graphics on your TV, you need games consoles. Being able to run "next gen" games over the internet from remote machines – as in the OnLive set-up – requires a stability and speed of internet connection that simply isn't available on a general basis yet, and won't be for some time.” –Primary Source online Interview Rebecca Lipman and Michael Comeaus’ article from secondary (Source 9) have a different opinion on why many individuals may swap their consoles for smartphones and handhelds. “While consumers are playing games on smart phones, computers and tablets for little to no cost they are becoming less willing to spend on more expensive console games. The decline in traditional gaming begs the question, is the shift in dominant gaming systems predominantly a reaction to a change in user preference or are competitive pricing and economic factors stopping players from purchasing more expensive console games? It's also worth considering if the two have reinforced one another, and if so, will an economic recovery bring players back to consoles?” Primary Source Interview gamer Humza states: “I believe apps on smart phones are extremely enjoyable yet do not provide that increased depth and extra dimension that an Xbox or PC does due to its lack of graphics and do not match with the features of a gaming console.” The gamer Humza has a valid opinion on why they’re not the future and Sam Eastwood clearly agrees. Sam Eastwood, a frequent gamer and a sales assistant at the CEX games shop in Croydon has this to say: “no they are not the future, in terms of downloads they're too small/ They’re only simply enjoyable for transport journeys such as apps and handhelds. They are nothing like having your own HD version of your console at home.“ – Primary Source recorded interview . Whilst interviewing Sam he had a clear answer for this question. He knows how complex games consoles are compared to apps/handhelds and expressed that through his strong opinion that they’re only for ‘transport journeys’. Keith Stuart from the Guardian (Source 16) Keith Stuart believes that “The arrival of touchscreen technology must be one of the most intuitive computer interface transitions in history. For 40 years, interactive entertainment was about joysticks; design was governed by switches and buttons. Consequently, when touchscreen smartphones and tablets started to arrive, the initial instinct for many studios was to transplant those legacy systems onto the new devices.” “Virtual joypads are, to put it bluntly, horrible. Dividing off whole chunks of the screen space to act as thumb pads and "buttons" makes no sense on a small display, and the system lacks any remnants of solid, haptic feedback. Traditional racing and shooting games rely on the player developing a symbiotic relationship with the joy pad – you need to know the extremes of the analogue radius, and you need to feel the buttons as they depress. The virtual joy pad delivers none of this.” Keith makes a valid point of touchscreen technology becoming the future after the quality is based on games consoles. However he quickly goes back on his word and states how horrible and difficult it is to play games on touch apps/handhelds devices.
9. Is there a connection between attention of aggression, concentration or addiction and gaming? Potentially could the concentration of a gamers life be highly affected by several factors? Could one, be the amount of time they spend playing games? High concentration levels could possibly lead to frustrated aggression towards other individuals or through interaction of online games with others? However this has not been proved. Once a gaming addiction starts is there more of a chance that there could likely be anti social behaviour and withdrawn character? Jeremy Clyman from Secondary (Source 8) states that- “Social psychologists have known for some time that factors such as anonymity, lack of accountability and de-individuation increase the odds of violence.” These are a few factors suggesting whether games are potentially making its gamers, violent people. “There is a big difference between straightforward aggression and controlled, positive-emotion based 'playful fighting' behaviour.” Jeremy is stating the difference between the emotional behaviour that could be developed during game play however, these are just suggested factors and are not definite answers. Jeremy explains how gameplay could change the way a gamer thinks when they are in game mode. “Think about what happens when a person steps into a video game so to speak, they are taking on a role. It is an imagined role in this role they are getting some good practice at feeling anonymous, unidentifiable and of course, whatever actions the character performs on screen goes on without consequence.” I question are gamers playing games to escape their real lives to play another character in a game world? If the gamer is portraying a character it could ruin their social skills and how they communicate in the real world. Analysis of my observational research concludes that the aggressiveness, level of noise during gameplay, and overall behaviour of the gamer could be linked to the personality and behaviour of the individual themselves. “ He gets closer to the screen with a frustrated look on his face but stays calm and collected at this point despite being a target. The 22year old is engrossed in the game and doesn’t notice that I’m observing him which is a good thing, as it hasn’t changed his behaviour with me around.” These are quotes I made during the observation of the 22 year old male gamer compared to the teenage gamer. Throughout both observations I saw a noticeable trend in both of the individuals game play. I noticed that their personality was being portrayed throughout which reflected how they played the game and acted towards other gamers online. Gamer one kept a steady calm attitude compared to the teen gamer. “He starts calling another player names in a non aggressive way as a joke or banter for killing him and then becomes happy for having a killstreak.” Gamer two, had a different approach to the older gamer by showing a more aggressive or angry attitude which I think is reflected from his personality. Richard Wood, 2008 (Source 18) states “It is concluded that the most likely reasons that people play video games excessively are due to either ineffective time management skills, or as a symptomatic response to other underlying problems that they are escaping from, rather than any inherent addictive properties of the actual games.” Richard believes that the reason people are playing games is to escape problems rather than attach themselves to the game for any other reason. This source could be backed up from evidence of my online poll where I asked ‘What attracts you to want to play games’ The third highest with 15% of the vote was ‘Escapism of everything’. Aggression Addiction Concentration Violence
10. This gamer suggests that there are particular factors of an addictive personality that triggers an addiction and doesn’t necessarily happen to everyone that plays games. Gamer ‘Punkpunker’ wrote that they are not addicted to games anymore and that they had simply grown out of it. The second gamer quoted what ‘Punkpunker’ wrote and stated that everybody is different and may not grow out of the addiction. This is debatable and very opinionated within personal experience. ‘PunkAntihero’ believes that there is no end to the addiction of gaming and no way out. However below the gamer Toast_burner states his personal experience involving addiction to gaming. From ‘Toast_burner’s’ statement, It’s obvious that addiction can happen easily, but for several different reasons and also depending on the individual aswell. From these quotes that I picked out from the 40 replies I received on the forum, some gamers still strongly believe that there is no way out once you become addicted. However from experience the gamer’s story is proof that they overcame their addiction with the help of his family once they noticed his behavioural changes and helped him with his problem.
11. What are the different features you can get from a game in present time? In comparison to the past? Over the years, the games console has evolved vastly and is becoming more advanced and now games consoles are now designed to do more than just play games like in the past. (Secondary Source 13) “It used to be that games consoles were for just one thing,Gaming. I agree that from an experience of having multiple consoles in my household I can compare them in which one is better for particular reasons. Therefore the features on a games console can be vital as to what the individual wants to use it for whether it be multiple things. The advancement of gaming is making it incredibly popular . Some of the new features you can get included with your gaming console are; • TV catch-up on demand system (ITV Player, BBC iPlayer, Channel 4oD • The Internet (Google, YouTube etc.) • Online gaming, connecting via the web and socialising • DVD player/Blu-ray player • Motion censored game play Those are just to name a few, however these various features can also depend on what games console you own because each console includes various different things. Often gaming companies are at war to release the best console and that’s why you have to weigh up the pros and cons of what you get with each console before you purchase. Patrick Garratt, VG247 interviewee states that “the most popular current games consoles are Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. Wii has sold more, but is now falling away quickly: the installed bases of 360 and PS3 are still growing strongly.” I believe that the popularity of the console is based around what it offers its audience. The 2010 Nielsen report showed that teenagers were using their consoles for more than just playing games. Even though this report and survey is a year old, I still believe it is relevant to the types of information it has produced. When I asked the poll question: ‘What makes gaming popular?’ The most popular answer with 33% of the vote out of 85 votes was ‘The games console’. This concludes that the majority of the gamers believe that the gaming experience is popular because of the games console and the features it offers. A close third vote in the poll was the various games you can play that are specifically created for that console. The most popular games console current answer from the poll is the Xbox 360 with 36% and PS3 with a close 25% out of 100 votes. Other answers included that Xbox 360 had the best graphics, this may potentially be one of the reasons for it’s popular vote
12. Gaming Culture For various questions I thought out to research upon, I discovered that particular questions may have been too similar and were giving me the same answers. For other particular questions I was only receiving brief answers that were not enough to expand into full detail, however here are some examples of brief answers I received from my findings. What is the industry’s opinion on illegal downloading? Is it destroying the legal gaming industry? (Primary recorded interview source) CEX sales assistant and gamer Sam Eastwood has this to say on illegal downloading. “I think illegal downloading is slightly killing the industry. But you will always get the hard-core fans wanting to pay towards the actual experience and processes. Promotional funding is also aiding publicity for the producers of the games from tournaments and purchases etc.” I wanted to include Sam Eastwood’s opinion because I consider it to answer my question straight away and it has the factor of being reliable and the truth. He also has this to say, “You won’t get the same experience with illegal because you can’t play online with illegal because they find out about it.” Without paying to play games, Sam suggests that you wont be able to have the same game play experience as other gamers if you choose to download illegally. However this has never stopped anyone from illegally downloading and is still irresolute as to how they illegally play. Another question that I found difficult to source accurate and reliable information for was; Can the gaming culture be dangerous to ones health over a period of time? During both secondary research I came across various articles on how dangerous gaming can affect an individuals health, especially when it results to death. (Secondary Source 14) “Two people in Britain have died and the cause may be due to playing Microsoft’s Xbox 360. One, a man, died from a blood clot after sitting down twelve straight hours; the other, a teenage girl, suffered a heart attack when playing an Xbox game. “Chris Staniforth, 20, died in May from thrombosis, which is when a blood clot forms inside of a blood vessel. The coroner who handled Chris’ autopsy stated the blood clot formed in his left calf before traveling to his lungs. Chris’ father, David, claims it was perhaps triggered by his long gaming sessions.” This is a tragic news article about a young man that died from playing his games console for more than twelve hour periods at a time. His father believes that his long game play sessions may have caused his death, from not being mobile and taking enough breaks to move around because sitting still for too long is dangerous to the body. (Secondary Source 15) http://www.take-time-out.info/about-us.html is a website which is dedicated to Chris Staniforth who died from a blood clot. The website is used for research and facts on how to keep yourself healthy and safe whilst gaming. This makes other gamers aware of how dangerous it is to sit and play games for hours on end. “The concentration whilst gaming is avid that gamers admit that time seems to just fly by whilst they are enjoying the game. Gamers are now spending increasingly longer times being immobile which is putting them at risk of Blood Clots forming and major health issues including sudden death, 80% of serious blood clots go undetected and give no warning signs to the victim.“ These researched facts state the worst consequence as being death and it being a silent killer of the undetected symptoms.
13. Conclusion The various questions that I researched has a variety of conclusions. The future of gaming: This topic was broad and difficult to conclude one final answer to. A variety of primary sources stated that ‘The cloud’ was the future of gaming however another primary source defended that answer with another suggestion as console gaming will be the future technology of gaming. For this question, my findings show that I’m confident that there are a variety of suggestions to what is actually the future of gaming but there is no final evidence that I found out what the final answer to what the future of gaming was. Considering It was a vague question and difficult to answer, you have to think about it thoroughly and weigh up all the options for the future of gaming. Therefore I don’t think I found out the final answer to the future of gaming and the research is inconclusive. This question could potentially raise more questions in more depth on the various suggested responses such as the cloud and console gaming. Console gaming without discs is a question that had the most responses that were similar to each other. The majority of the primary sources stated that soon, or in the future console games discs will go digital or find another way to access games without buying discs. Overall I found it quite difficult to find specific answers, however I believe that I had a majority of both primary and secondary sources that backed up the information that I found. My findings show that there may never be a definate answer for the questions however there is evidence and personal opinion to back up my question and sources.
14. Evaluation From my overall findings I feel that I have gathered lots of information that has been particularly relevant to my topic. I believe that I set out to find certain types of information that will answer the questions I needed responses to and I feel I have good overall responses to certain questions. Secondary Research I consider that researching secondary research first made it easier to understand the type of information I was searching for. Especially leading me on to the type of people I wanted to contact for my primary research method. My secondary sources were mainly methodically found when I researched keywords and phrases that were close to my main question I wanted answers to. I don’t believe that I spent too much time on secondary research sources, but just the right amount sources because I finished with 31 secondary sources. The more I searched for information, the more important and appropriate searches were being shown to me that allowed me to have a variety of appropriate sources that met my needs of responding to the topic. I decided to dig deeper into the gaming culture by scanning and researching various games websites to find articles and opinions. Throughout the report, I used a variety of many of the sources, I took others into consideration and chose which one I thought had more opinion and reliability to it than others and that were more useful to quote. Specific sources were dated back to a later date from up to a couple of years to 2010, however I checked how current the information was by comparing it to other sources and whether it was going to be a relevant source to my report or not. Towards the end of the secondary research I had an incredibly lot of internet sources compared to books or magazine articles, however I found the internet sources most easiest to search and approach as a way of fast research. The disadvantage of reading books and other articles is searching for the specific quote that will be useful to you and your work. Primary Research I found the process of researching contacts for primary research most enjoyable because I really wanted to get an experts opinion and precise opinion on the gaming culture of today. The primary research method was most effective because it allowed me to receive opinions from people that knew about the gaming industry and I found it most reliable because it was from how they perceived the gaming world from working or playing games in it. Whilst thinking about the types of methods I wanted to include, I first thought about who I wanted to contact and why they were important to contact. Secondly, who I was going to feature to participate in experiments or observations If I chose to do any. My most important aim was to get accurate information from real people in the industry and that were frequent gamers that would be able to give me real reliable responses. For the Interview method I asked two people that worked in the games industry, one a games editor the other a frequent gamer and also games assistant in a gaming shop. I chose these to be my important sources for most information that proves right to my report. When it became apparent as to how difficult it is to contacting busy people, I decided to stick to emailed interviews asking relevant gamers that were frequent players. To reach audiences I sent questions via specific mediums such as the gamespot forum and emails, twitter, facebook, making sure that I was only sending it to my specific target audience that would respond with certain answers. The method was a good way to use social media as a medium of attracting particular participants to take part in my primary research. Generally my recorded interviews were up to 5 minutes long that had all the information I needed to hear, the email interviews were long and detailed aswell. If I chose to do anything differently from my report I believe that I would begin contacting people earlier on in the project so that I wasn’t against time to get replies and feel frustrated that no one is replying on time. Even though I felt that the secondary source was a good way to begin the research, I also think that I should’ve thought about contacting people in the industry a lot earlier on so I had a variety of recorded interviews and useful sources to choose from.
15. BIBLIOGRAPHY • Patrick Garratt (Primary Source Email interviewee) • Sam Eastwood (Primary Source recorded interviewee) • Scott Steinberg, September 16th 2011, Digital Downloads Won't Kill the Video Game Store, ‘‘Are illegal downloads killing the games industry?’ Accessed by me on Friday 14th October 2011 (Source 12) • Ben Gilbert, September 17th 2011, Inafune envisions a future where portable gaming consoles and Smartphones coexist, ‘Joystiq ’, accessed by me on Sunday 23rd October 2011 (Source 25) • Rebecca Lipman, March 10th 2011, Video Game Stocks: Game Over? ‘Game Over’ Accessed by me on Thursday 13th October 2011 (Source 9) • Primary Source Interview gamer Humza • Keith Stuart, Thursday 2nd June 2011, Touchscreens, smartphones and the haptic future of games, ‘Are smartphones the future of gaming?’ Accessed by me on Monday 17th October 2011 (Source 16) • Jeremy Clyman, September 30th 2011, Video Game Violence: Part 2, ‘is gaming related to violence?’ Accessed on Monday 10th October 2011, Secondary (Source 8) • Richard Wood, R.D, April 2008, ‘International Journal of Mental Health addiction volume 6 Number 2’ Springer, Nottingham Trent University Source 18 • Keith Stuart, December 17th 2010, Do these figures show that consoles are finally a living room essential? ‘Games Blog’ Accessed by me on Friday 14th October 2011 (Source 13) • Michael Collado, July 31st 2011, Britain man dies after playing Xbox for twelve straight hour. ‘Man dies from xbox’ Accessed by me on Sunday 16th October 2011 (Source 14) • Take time out various bloggers, September 4th 2011, Take Time Out Love Games - Love Life. ‘take time out website’ Accessed by me on Sunday 16th 2011 (Source 15) • Gamespot Blogger forum printscreens • http://motomodder.blogspot.com/2011/04/verizon-iphone-4-review.html (iPhone 4 photo)