MySQL & PostgreSQL

オープンソースデータベース比較セミナーの資料です
https://osscons-database.connpass.com/event/56187/

Transcript

1. ࠓͦ͜஌Γ͍ͨɺ 2େOSSσʔλϕʔεͷ MySQLͱPostgreSQLͷҧ͍ 044ίϯιʔγΞϜɹσʔλϕʔε෦ձɹओ࠵ηϛφʔ
   ʮΦʔϓϯιʔεσʔλϕʔεൺֱηϛφʔʯ
2. What is it? MySQLͱPostgreSQL
3. What is it? ࠓ͸2ڧ࣌୅ʢͦʔ͍ͩௐ΂
4. What is it? ଟ෼ɺଟ͘ͷਓ͕࢖͍ͬͯΔ͸ͣ
5. What is it? ·ͨ͜Ε͔Β࢖͏ػձ͕ଟʑ͋Δ͸ͣ
6. What is it? ͦΜͳਓͨͪͷͨΊʹ ࠓ೔͔Β࢖͑Δϊ΢ϋ΢Λʂ
7. What is it?
8. ͋͐͡Μͩ ̍ɹࣗݾ঺հ ̎ɹMySQL ̏ɹPostgreSQL ̐ɹ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ̑ɹ·ͱΊ
9. ͋͐͡Μͩ ̍ɹࣗݾ঺հ ̎ɹMySQL ̏ɹPostgreSQL ̐ɹ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ̑ɹ·ͱΊ
10. ࣗݾ঺հ ໊લɿીࠜɹ૖େʢͦͶɹ͚ͨͱ΋ʣ ೥ྸɿ32ࡀʢࡾਓͷࢠڙ͕͍·͢ʣ ৬ۀɿηʔϧεΤϯδχΞ ॴଐɿגࣜձࣾ ͸ͯͳʢMackerelνʔϜʣ ɹɹɹ೔ຊPostgreSQLϢʔβձ ɹɹɹɹɹதࠃࢧ෦ ࢧ෦௕ ɹɹٕज़తʹ͸LLܥݴޠͱ͔RDB͕޷͖Ͱ͢
11. ࣗݾ঺հ ໊લɿીࠜɹ૖େʢͦͶɹ͚ͨͱ΋ʣ ೥ྸɿ32ࡀʢࡾਓͷࢠڙ͕͍·͢ʣ ৬ۀɿηʔϧεΤϯδχΞ ॴଐɿגࣜձࣾ ͸ͯͳʢMackerelνʔϜʣ ɹɹɹ೔ຊPostgreSQLϢʔβձ ɹɹɹɹɹதࠃࢧ෦ ࢧ෦௕ ɹɹٕज़తʹ͸LLܥݴޠͱ͔RDB͕޷͖Ͱ͢
12. Mackerel
13. ͸ͯͳ͸஥ؒΛ୳ͯ͠·͢ curl -sIL mackerel.io | grep engineer
14. ࣗݾ঺հ ໊લɿીࠜɹ૖େʢͦͶɹ͚ͨͱ΋ʣ ೥ྸɿ32ࡀʢࡾਓͷࢠڙ͕͍·͢ʣ ৬ۀɿηʔϧεΤϯδχΞ ॴଐɿגࣜձࣾ ͸ͯͳʢMackerelνʔϜʣ ɹɹɹ೔ຊPostgreSQLϢʔβձ ɹɹɹɹɹதࠃࢧ෦ ࢧ෦௕ ɹɹٕज़తʹ͸LLܥݴޠͱ͔RDB͕޷͖Ͱ͢
15. ͋͐͡Μͩ ̍ɹࣗݾ঺հ ̎ɹMySQL ̏ɹPostgreSQL ̐ɹ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ̑ɹ·ͱΊ
16. MySQL .Z42-ͷಛ௃
    
17. MySQL .Z42-ͷಛ௃
    ˣ
    γϯϓϧɾߴ଎
18. MySQL ߋ৽ܕΞʔΩςΫνϟ
19. MySQL Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ςʔϒϧ ςʔϒϧ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ
20. MySQL Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ςʔϒϧ ςʔϒϧ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ಉ͡ߦΛߋ৽͢Δ
21. MySQL ετϨʔδΤϯδϯ
22. MySQL Ҿ༻ݩɿIUUQXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUZPLVIBOEMFS
    !ZPLV͞Μɺ͍ͭ΋͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·͢ɻ
23. MySQL Ҿ༻ݩɿIUUQXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUZPLVIBOEMFS
    !ZPLV͞Μɺ͍ͭ΋͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·͢ɻ
24. MySQL ετϨʔδΤϯδϯͱ͸
    
25. MySQL ετϨʔδΤϯδϯͱ͸
    ˣ
    େମσʔλͷಡΈॻ͖͢Δͱ͜Ζ
26. MySQL ͔͜͜Βઌ͸*OOP%#ͷ࿩
    .Z*4".ʁ஌Βͳ͍ࢠͰ͢Ͷʢന໨
27. MySQL γϯϓϧɾߴ଎
    
28. MySQL γϯϓϧɾߴ଎
    ˣ
    */%&9͕ޮ͍͍ͯΔࣄ͕େࣄ
29. MySQL #5SFF
    */%&9
30. MySQL #5SFF
    */%&9 .Z42-͸جຊతʹ͜Ε
    ʢ35SFFʹ͍ͭͯ͸ࠓճ৮Εͳ͍ʣ
31. MySQL Ҿ༻ݩɿIUUQTKBXJLJQFEJBPSHXJLJ##&$"
    ΢ΟΩϖσΟΞʮ# ໦ʯ
32. MySQL w 8)&3&۟Ͱ࢖͏
    w (3061
    #:۟Ͱ΋࢖͏
    w 03%&3
    #:۟Ͱ΋࢖͏
33. MySQL w 8)&3&۟Ͱ࢖͏
    w (3061
    #:۟Ͱ΋࢖͏
    w 03%&3
    #:۟Ͱ΋࢖͏ ݕࡧશൠͰ࢖͏
34. MySQL w ॏෳ͕গͳ͍΄͏͕ྑ͍
    w ݁Ռ͕গͳ͍΄͏͕ྑ͍
    w ར༻͢Δ*/%&9͸̍5"#-&ʹݸ
35. MySQL w ॏෳ͕গͳ͍΄͏͕ྑ͍
    w ݁Ռ͕গͳ͍΄͏͕ྑ͍
    w ར༻͢Δ*/%&9͸̍5"#-&ʹݸ .Z42-ͷେ͖ͳಛ௃ͷҰͭ
    ʢΠϯσοΫε݁߹ʹ͍ͭͯ͸ࠓճ৮Εͳ͍ʣ
36. MySQL ࣮ߦܭըΛݟΔ
37. MySQL .Z42-
    8PSLCFODI
    
38. MySQL .Z42-
    8PSLCFODI
    ˣ
    ແྉͰ࢖͑Δ
39. MySQL
40. MySQL 0SBDMFΞΧ΢ϯτෆཁʂʂ
41. ࣮ߦܭը CREATE TABLE `demo`.`users` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '', `name` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL COMMENT '', `age` INT NOT NULL COMMENT '', `created` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW () COMMENT '', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) COMMENT '' ); ——શ݅Λબ୒͢ΔͷͰςʔϒϧεΩϟϯ SELECT * FROM demo.users; ——PRIMARY KEYʢINDEXʣΛར༻ͨ͠ྫ SELECT * FROM demo.users WHERE id > 100; ——INDEX͕ແ͍ͷͰςʔϒϧεΩϟϯ SELECT * FROM demo.users WHERE age > 20;
42. MySQL
43. MySQL
44. MySQL αϒΫΤϦͱ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ
45. αϒΫΤϦ —— INDEXͱͯ͠PRIMARY KEY͕ޮ͍͍ͯΔ SELECT * FROM users WHERE id < 1000 AND id > 800 —— 1ճ͔࣮͠ߦ͞Εͳ͍ SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM users WHERE id < 1000 AND id > 800) AS dummy
46. MySQL
47. ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ ——஗͍૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ SELECT * FROM users WHERE age IN (SELECT age FROM users WHERE id BETWEEN 10 AND 100000)
48. MySQL
49. MySQL .Z42-
    ͔Β."5&3*"-*;&%ʹ มΘΓɺ+0*/ͷΑ͏ͳڍಈʹͳͬͨ
    ੲΑΓૣ͘ͳͬͨ
50. ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ ——INDEX͕ར༻Ͱ͖Ε͹૬ؔαϒΫΤϦͰ΋଎͍ SELECT * FROM users WHERE created = '2016-02-27 04:31:32' AND id IN (SELECT id FROM users WHERE id BETWEEN 10 AND 100000)
51. MySQL
52. MySQL ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ͸஗͍
    ৔߹͕ଟ͍
53. MySQL ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ͸஗͍
    ˣ
    +0*/ʹॻ͖׵͑Δ
54. JOIN SELECT * FROM users INNER JOIN users AS tmp ON tmp.id = users.id AND tmp.id BETWEEN 10 AND 100000 WHERE users.created = '2016-02-27 04:31:32'
55. MySQL
56. MySQL +0*/͸ֻ͚ࢉ
57. MySQL +0*/͸ֻ͚ࢉ
    ˣ
    ߦ☓ߦ͸ߦ
58. MySQL .Z42-ʹ͸
    +0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ͸Ұ͔ͭ͠ͳ͍
59. MySQL .Z42-ʹ͸
    +0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ͸Ұ͔ͭ͠ͳ͍ ܾͯ͠ಘҙͳΘ͚Ͱ͸ແ͍
    +0*/͸ϋΠίετͳΫΤϦ
60. MySQL w ग़དྷΔ͚ͩখ͔ͯ͘͞͠Β+0*/
    w ෆཁͳ+0*/͸ආ͚Δ
    w */%&9Λར༻ͨ͠+0*/Λ͢Δ
61. MySQL γϯϓϧɾߴ଎
62. MySQL γϯϓϧɾߴ଎
    ˣ
    ೉͍͠ࣄΛ͠ͳ͍
    ઃܭྗ͕ॏཁ
63. ͋͐͡Μͩ ̍ɹࣗݾ঺հ ̎ɹMySQL ̏ɹPostgreSQL ̐ɹ࣮ફͰϋϚΔҧ͍ ̑ɹ·ͱΊ
64. PostgreSQL 1PTUHSF42-ͷಛ௃
65. PostgreSQL 1PTUHSF42-ͷಛ௃
    ˣ
    ߴػೳ
66. PostgreSQL ௥هܕΞʔΩςΫνϟ
67. PostgreSQL Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ςʔϒϧ ςʔϒϧ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ
68. PostgreSQL Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ςʔϒϧ ςʔϒϧ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ࢀরΛ֎͢
69. PostgreSQL Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ςʔϒϧ ςʔϒϧ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ Ϩίʔυ ৽ͨʹมߋ෼Λ௥Ճ͢Δ
70. PostgreSQL ͭ·Γɺߋ৽͸.Z42-ΑΓෆར
    ʢ%&-&5&͸.Z42-΋ࣅͨΑ͏ͳࣄͯ͠Δʣ
71. PostgreSQL ͔͠͠ɺখ೉͍͜͠ͱ͸ಘҙ
72. PostgreSQL w*/%&9͸ෳ਺ݸ࢖͑Δ
    wͦ΋ͦ΋*/%&9ͷछྨ͕୔ࢁ͋Δ
    w૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ΋଎͍
    w+0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ΋ෳ਺͋Δ
73. PostgreSQL w*/%&9͸ෳ਺ݸ࢖͑Δ
    wͦ΋ͦ΋*/%&9ͷछྨ͕୔ࢁ͋Δ
    w૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ΋଎͍
    w+0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ΋ෳ਺͋Δ ͭͷΫΤϦ಺Ͱෳ਺࢖͑Δ
74. PostgreSQL w*/%&9͸ෳ਺ݸ࢖͑Δ
    wͦ΋ͦ΋*/%&9ͷछྨ͕୔ࢁ͋Δ
    w૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ΋଎͍
    w+0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ΋ෳ਺͋Δ #USFFɺ(*/ɺࣜ*/%&9ͳͲγʔϯʹ߹Θͤͯ
    ෳ਺ͷ*/%&9Λར༻Ͱ͖Δ
75. PostgreSQL w*/%&9͸ෳ਺ݸ࢖͑Δ
    wͦ΋ͦ΋*/%&9ͷछྨ͕୔ࢁ͋Δ
    w૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ΋଎͍
    w+0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ΋ෳ਺͋Δ ࢖͑Δ42-ͷߏจ΋ଟ͍
    ྫ͑͹΢Πϯυ΢ؔ਺ͳͲ
76. PostgreSQL w*/%&9͸ෳ਺ݸ࢖͑Δ
    wͦ΋ͦ΋*/%&9ͷछྨ͕୔ࢁ͋Δ
    w૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ΋଎͍
    w+0*/ͷΞϧΰϦζϜ΋ෳ਺͋Δ /FTUFE
    -PPQ
    +PJO
    4PSU
    .FSHF
    +PJO
    )BTI
    +PJO
77. ෳ਺ར༻ͨ͠INDEX CREATE TABLE public.users ( id integer NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval('users_id_seq'::regclass), name text NOT NULL, age integer NOT NULL, created timestamp without time zone NOT NULL DEFAULT now(), CONSTRAINT users_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id)); CREATE INDEX users_created_idx ON public.users USING tree (created); ——idͱcreatedͷINDEXΛར༻͢Δ SELECT * FROM users WHERE id < 100 AND created < '2016-02-27 05:41:28';
78. PostgreSQL
79. PostgreSQL
80. ࣜINDEX ——ࣜINDEXΛ࡞੒ CREATE INDEX test_idx ON users (substr(name,10,12)); ——ࣜͷ݁ՌͰINDEX͕ޮ͘ SELECT name FROM users WHERE substr(name,10,12) = '10'
81. PostgreSQL
82. PostgreSQL
83. ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ SELECT * FROM users WHERE age IN (SELECT age FROM users WHERE id BETWEEN 10 AND 100000)
84. PostgreSQL
85. PostgreSQL
86. PostgreSQL ΦϓςΟϚΠβ͕
    αϒΫΤϦΛ+0*/ʹॻ͖׵͑ͯΔ
87. ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ ——INDEXΛར༻ͨ͠αϒΫΤϦ SELECT * FROM users WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM users WHERE id BETWEEN 10 AND 100000)
88. PostgreSQL ΦϓςΟϚΠβ͕+0*/ʹʢ͈́
89. ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ ——σϞͰINDEXΛ࢖ͬͯ͘Εͳ͍ͷͰINDEXΛ༏ઌతʹར༻͢ΔΑ͏ʹࢦఆ SET ENABLE_SEQSCAN=OFF; SELECT * FROM users WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM users WHERE id BETWEEN 10 AND 100000)
90. PostgreSQL
91. PostgreSQL
92. PostgreSQL 1PTUHSF42-ͷ૬ؔαϒΫΤϦ͸
    ൺֱత଎͍
93. ΢Πϯυ΢ؔ਺ SELECT rank() OVER (PARTITION BY age ORDER BY id) , * FROM users WHERE age BETWEEN 10 AND 30 LIMIT 100
94. PostgreSQL
95. PostgreSQL
96. PostgreSQL ෳࡶͳूܭ͸ಘҙ
97. PostgreSQL ΢Πϯυ΢ؔ਺ʹ͍ͭͯ
    ߹ΘͤͯಡΉͱྑ͍ࢿྉ
    8FCΤϯδχΞ͕1PTUHSF42-ΛબͿͭͷཧ༝
    IUUQXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFU4PVEBJ4POFXFCQPTUHSFTRM
98. PostgreSQL ෳࡶͳूܭ͸ಘҙ
    ˣ
    Ͱ΋3%#ͷجຊ͸.Z42-ͱҰॹ
99. PostgreSQL ෳࡶͳूܭ͸ಘҙ
    ˣ
    Ͱ΋3%#ͷجຊ͸.Z42-ͱҰॹ ਖ਼نԽ͕ॏཁ
    */%&9Λར༻͠ͳ͍ͱ஗͍
    +0*/͸ϋΠίετͳΫΤϦ
    ࣮ߦܭը͸ݟΕΔΑ͏ʹͳΖ͏ʂ
100. ͋͐͡Μͩ ̍ɹࣗݾ঺հ ̎ɹMySQL ̏ɹPostgreSQL ̐ɹ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ̑ɹ·ͱΊ
101. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ աڈͷ৘ใʢϊΠζʣ
102. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ աڈͷ৘ใʢϊΠζʣ
     ˣ
     (PPHMFݕࡧͷݹ͍هࣄ΍
     ޱ఻ʹ࿭Θ͞ΕΔ
103. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ աڈͷ৘ใʢϊΠζʣ
     ˣ
     (PPHMFݕࡧͷݹ͍هࣄ΍
     ޱ఻ʹ࿭Θ͞ΕΔ 3%#͕ۤखͳͳઌഐ΍্͕࢘
     ෇͍͕ͨ࣌ͱͯ΋ةݥ
104. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ w"-5&3จͰϩοΫΛऔΔʢ.Z42-ʣ w7"$66.͸खಈʢ1PTUHSF42-ʣ
105. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ w"-5&3จͰϩοΫΛऔΔʢ.Z42-ʣ w7"$66.͸खಈʢ1PTUHSF42-ʣ .Z42-
     ͔ΒΦϯϥΠϯ
     "-5&3จΛαϙʔτ
106. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ w"-5&3จͰϩοΫΛऔΔʢ.Z42-ʣ w7"$66.͸खಈʢ1PTUHSF42-ʣ 1PTUHSF42-
     ͔Β
     "VUP
     7"$66.Λαϙʔτ
107. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ࣗ෼ͷ࢖͍ͬͯΔόʔδϣϯΛ
     ͔ͬ͠Γ֬ೝ͢Δ͜ͱ
108. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ग़དྷΔ͚ͩ৽͍͠όʔδϣϯ͕ྑ͍
     ϝδϟʔόʔδϣϯʹؔͯ͠͸
     ೥ޙ͙Β͍ͷόʔδϣϯ͕͍͍ײ͡
109. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ৽ػೳΛ࢖͏
110. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ৽ػೳΛ࢖͏
     ˣ
     3%#ͷ৽ػೳ͸஍ཕʢόάʣΛ
     ౿Ή֮ޛ͕ඞཁ
111. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ৽ػೳΛ࢖͏
     ˣ
     3%#ͷ৽ػೳ͸஍ཕʢόάʣΛ
     ౿Ή֮ޛ͕ඞཁ خʑͱͯ͠஍ཕΛ౿Έൈ͘Α͏ʹͳͬͨΒ
     ͦΕ͸Ұྲྀͷূʢଟ෼
112. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ࢥ͍ࠐΈ
113. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ࢥ͍ࠐΈ
     ˣ
     ޓ׵ੑͷແ͍มߋͰ
     ΧδϡΞϧʹࢮ͵
114. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ࢥ͍ࠐΈ
     ˣ
     ޓ׵ੑͷແ͍มߋͰ
     ΧδϡΞϧʹࢮ͵ όʔδϣϯҧ͍΍ҧ͏%#Λ
     ࢖ͬͨ࣌ʹΑ͘ൃੜ͢Δ
115. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ ֎෦Ωʔ੍໿ͷҧ͍
116. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ .Z42-͸֎෦Ωʔ੍໿ͷ
     ਌ʹ΋ࢠʹ΋*/%&9Λ࡞Δ
117. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ 1PTUHSF42-͸֎෦Ωʔ੍໿ʹΑΔ
     */%&9Λ࡞Βͳ͍
118. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ 1PTUHSF42-͸
     */%&9Λ࡞Βͳ͍ Ϛελʔදଆʹ͸ϢχʔΫ੍໿͕ඞਢ
     ϢχʔΫ੍໿ΛϢχʔΫ*/%&9Λੜ੒͢Δ
     ͔͠͠ࢠଆ͸*/%&9͕͋Δͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍
119. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ෼཭Ϩϕϧ ໊લ ෼཭Ϩϕϧ આ໌ 4&3*"-*;"#-& ͍ͭ͞Α ௚ྻతʹॲཧ 3&1&"5"#-&
     3&"% ڧ͍ ಡΈऔΓର৅ͷσʔλ ΛৗʹಡΈऔΔ 3&"%
     $0..*55&% ·͊·ڧ͍ ֬ఆͨ͠࠷৽σʔλΛ ৗʹಡΈऔΔ 3&"%
     6/$0..*55&% ऑ͍ ଞͷॲཧʹΑͬͯߦΘ Ε͍ͯΔɺॻ͖͔͚ͷ σʔλ·ͰಡΈऔΔɻ
120. ࣮ફͰϋϚΔ᠘ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ෼཭Ϩϕϧ ໊લ ෼཭Ϩϕϧ આ໌ 4&3*"-*;"#-& ͍ͭ͞Α ௚ྻతʹॲཧ 3&1&"5"#-&
     3&"% ڧ͍ ಡΈऔΓର৅ͷσʔλ ΛৗʹಡΈऔΔ 3&"%
     $0..*55&% ·͊·ڧ͍ ֬ఆͨ͠࠷৽σʔλΛ ৗʹಡΈऔΔ 3&"%
     6/$0..*55&% ऑ͍ ଞͷॲཧʹΑͬͯߦΘ Ε͍ͯΔɺॻ͖͔͚ͷ σʔλ·ͰಡΈऔΔɻ .Z42-ͷσϑΥϧτ͸͜͜
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