Enterprise IT vs. WWW

For years, the enterprise IT community used to believe they were the big guys, and those Web folks were just script kiddies building toy apps with PHP. But by now, the really interesting systems are those built on the Web, with non-functional requirements that make even the biggest banking or insurance app pale in comparison. Integration, as practiced on the Web, is also widely different from the typical enterprise IT approach - yet it seems to yield results that outshine years of effort in most large companies.

In this session, we'll take a look at how the typical enterprise IT landscape can benefit from the Web's architecture, what Java developers need to learn to be part of this, and why the whole idea of "applications" is going to disappear.

Transcript

1. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Enterprise IT vs. WWW Stefan Tilkov | @stilkov | JUG Ostfalen | AutoUni 31.03.2012 iSAQB Thursday, May 31, 12
2. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov 2. iSAQB Architecture Days/ ObjektSPEKTRUM Information Days „So warearchitektur im Team. So warearchitektur im Wandel“ 20.-22.11.2012 Call for Papers: osid2012@isaqb.org iSAQB Thursday, May 31, 12
3. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov http://www.innoq.com Beratungsunternehmen mit Schwerpunkt auf Softwarearchitektur & effizienter Entwicklung Gründungsmitglied iSAQB e.V. ~60 Mitarbeiter (Q1 2012) Beratung, Schulung, Entwicklung Java/Java EE, Ruby on Rails u.a Standorte in Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, München, Zürich Thursday, May 31, 12
4. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov (Prelude) Thursday, May 31, 12
5. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov REST Thursday, May 31, 12
6. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov RESTful HTTP Thursday, May 31, 12
7. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov URIs Identi es Resources http://example.com/orders?year=2008 http://example.com/customers/1234 http://example.com/orders/2007/10/776654 http://example.com/products/4554 http://example.com/processes/sal-increase-234 Thursday, May 31, 12
8. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Resources are Linked Thursday, May 31, 12
9. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Representations in di erent Formats XML HTML XHTML JSON YAML Plain Text PDF Binary Thursday, May 31, 12
10. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Customer Order Delivery Product CustomerList ProductCatalog Rating «interface» Resource Thursday, May 31, 12
11. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov GET PUT POST DELETE «interface» Resource Thursday, May 31, 12
12. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov http://www.flickr.com/photos/stygiangloom/230412544/ Tunneling Thursday, May 31, 12
13. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov (a.k.a. The SOAP Way) Thursday, May 31, 12
14. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov POST http://example.com/CustomerMgmt <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <soap:Body> <deleteCustomer xmlns="http://example.com/ns1"> <customerId>13</customerId> </ns:deleteCustomer> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> Method ID Endpoint Thursday, May 31, 12
15. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
16. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
17. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
18. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov “Thank you for nothing.” Enterprise Web "Here are the missing parts of the Web!” Thursday, May 31, 12
19. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov http://rest-http.info Thursday, May 31, 12
20. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov The Human Web Thursday, May 31, 12
21. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
22. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Resources Pretty URLs Bookmarks Collaboration Caching Hypermedia Thursday, May 31, 12
23. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Web Sites vs. Web Applications Thursday, May 31, 12
24. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Using the Web vs. Abusing the Web Thursday, May 31, 12
25. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov There should be no applications Thursday, May 31, 12
26. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Customer Order Delivery Product CustomerList ProductCatalog CustomerView OrderEntryForm ProductMaintenanceForm Thursday, May 31, 12
27. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Customer Order Delivery Product CustomerList ProductCatalog Rating «interface» Resource CustomerView OrderEntryForm ProductMaintenanceForm Thursday, May 31, 12
28. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Stop hiding the truth Thursday, May 31, 12
29. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
30. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov URIs HTTP HTML CSS Javascript Syndication Web Servers Caching Proxies Load Balancers CDNs Thursday, May 31, 12
31. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
32. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov 10 million requests/day 3.6 million pageviews/day 430,000 registered users 2.3 million projects 19 million forum posts 13 million private messages 8 million photos (Flickr) 70,000 active users/day 900 new sign ups/day 50,000 new forum posts/day 4 Months 1 Developer On weekends & evenings Thursday, May 31, 12
33. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Ruby on Rails MySQL Gentoo Linux Capistrano Nginx Xen HAproxy Munin Tokyo Cabinet Memcached Tyrant Nagios HopToad NewRelic Syslog-ng S3 Cloudfront Sphinx Thursday, May 31, 12
34. “ © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov What I’m writing here is the single most important take-away from my Sun years, and it fits in a sentence: The community of developers whose work you see on the Web, who probably don’t know what ADO or UML or JPA even stand for, deploy better systems at less cost in less time at lower risk than we see in the Enterprise. Tim Bray http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/201x/2010/01/02/Doing-It-Wrong Thursday, May 31, 12
35. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
36. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov “My Internet is bigger than your enterprise.” Paraphrasing Dare Obasanjo, see http://tinyurl.com/dare-enterprise Thursday, May 31, 12
37. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Scale vs. Complexity Thursday, May 31, 12
38. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Inherent Complexity vs. Incidental Complexity Thursday, May 31, 12
39. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov XML Stock Quotes JAXB Java Beans Session Beans Transfer Objects Web Framework Portlets Portal Server Thursday, May 31, 12
40. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
41. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov What’s in an app? Thursday, May 31, 12
42. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser Server A Client A Server B Client B Thursday, May 31, 12
43. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser Server A Server B Client Portal Thursday, May 31, 12
44. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thursday, May 31, 12
45. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser Server A Server B Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource n Representation 1 Representation 2 Representation n ... ... Thursday, May 31, 12
46. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser HTML Page Backend 1 UI 1 Frontend Server UI 2 Server-side integration Backend 2 Examples: ESI-Caches SSI Portal Server Thursday, May 31, 12
47. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser HTML Page Backend 1 UI 1 UI 2 Client-side integration Backend 2 Examples: AJAX Proprietary Frameworks Thursday, May 31, 12
48. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Multiple tabs Multiple windows Menus Bookmarks Personalization UI Integration Thursday, May 31, 12
49. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov My browser is my portal Thursday, May 31, 12
50. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser HTML Page 1 Links Backend 1 Backend 2 Asset Server HTML Page 2 CSS <<creates>> <<creates>> Thursday, May 31, 12
51. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Choosing a Web framework Thursday, May 31, 12
52. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov How much HTTP would you like with that? Thursday, May 31, 12
53. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Server-side component-based JSF ASP.NET Wicket Tapestry Vaadin Thursday, May 31, 12
54. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Request/Response-oriented Struts Play Grails Rails ASP.NET MVC PHP Django Spring MVC Thursday, May 31, 12
55. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Rich-client Applets JavaFX GWT Silverlight Flash/Flex Echo ZK Meteor Backbone.js Thursday, May 31, 12
56. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Linkable and “pretty” URIs GET/POST di erentiation Support for caching Full control over HTML 1 Resource, n Views Request/Response Frameworks Thursday, May 31, 12
57. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Server Client 1 Client 2 State Client 1 State Client 2 Server State R1 R2 Rn Representation R1 R2 Turn session state … Thursday, May 31, 12
58. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Server Client 1 C1 C1 Client 2 C2 State Client 1 State Client 2 Server State Representation R1 R2 Rn C2 C2 C2 C1 C1 R2 R1 … into client or resource state Thursday, May 31, 12
59. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser Server HTML Page Label Label Label Label Label Label Label Label Submit Thursday, May 31, 12
60. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser Server Label Label Label Next Label Label Label Next Label Label Finish Session State Thursday, May 31, 12
61. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Browser Server Label Label Label Next Label Label Label Next Label Label Finish HTML Page Label Label Label Label Label Label Label Label Submit Client State Thursday, May 31, 12
62. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov ROCA http://roca-style.org/ Thursday, May 31, 12
63. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov From server to client Server Client Server-side Components ROCA Single Page Apps Flash Silverlight Applets … Thursday, May 31, 12
64. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov MUST Photo under CC by mendhak Thursday, May 31, 12
65. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov 1. REST principles 2. Server-side application logic 3. No redundant logic 4. Non-browser access 5. Server sends structured HTML 6. Progressive enhancement/ unobtrusive JavaScript 7. No dynamic JavaScript Thursday, May 31, 12
66. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov SUGGESTED Photo under CC by Sarah Reid Thursday, May 31, 12
67. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov 1. Additional representations (JSON, XML, ...) 2. Authentication via HTTP mechanisms, cookies if unavoidable 3. Use of HTML 5 history API Thursday, May 31, 12
68. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov VIOLATIONS Thursday, May 31, 12
69. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov 1. Broken accessibility 2. Session state 3. Broken back/forward/refresh 4. No bookmarks/links 5. JS “engines” in client 6. Server-side dependency on JS- generated markup 7. Hashbangs et al. Thursday, May 31, 12
70. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Summary Thursday, May 31, 12
71. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Don’t be afraid of Web technologies Thursday, May 31, 12
72. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Embrace the Web, Don't ght it Thursday, May 31, 12
73. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Standardize on the outside, not on the inside Thursday, May 31, 12
74. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov If you can't link to it, does it exist? If you can't build real Web apps with it, is it worth your time? Vielen Dank! Thursday, May 31, 12
75. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Backup Thursday, May 31, 12
76. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH Necessary Rules & Guidelines Cross-system System-internal Responsibilities Programming languages UI integration Development tools Communication protocols Frameworks Data formats Process/Workflow control Redundant data Persistence BI interfaces Design patterns Logging, Monitoring Coding guidelines (Deployment, Operations) Thursday, May 31, 12
77. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH t Domain Architecture 1.0 1.1 System-internal Rules 1.0 1.1 2.0 2.1 Cross-system Rules 1.0 1.1 1.2 Thursday, May 31, 12
78. © 2012 innoQ Deutschland GmbH @stilkov Thank you! Q&A Stefan Tilkov stefan.tilkov@innoq.com http://www.innoq.com/blog/st/ @stilkov Phone: +49 170 471 2625 innoQ Deutschland GmbH http://www.innoq.com Krischerstr. 100 40789 Monheim am Rhein Germany Phone: +49 2173 3366-0 innoQ Schweiz GmbH info@innoq.com Gewerbestr. 11 CH-6330 Cham Switzerland Phone: +41 41 743 0116 Thursday, May 31, 12