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Email in Rails (and/or introduction to "Dark De...
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sylph01
September 18, 2019
Technology
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Email in Rails (and/or introduction to "Dark Depths of Email")
presented at Fukuoka.rb 150th anniversary LT
sylph01
September 18, 2019
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Transcript
Email in Rails, and/or Introduction to the "Dark Depths of
Email" Ryo Kajiwara(sylph01) @ Fukuoka.rb #149/150
୭ʁ sylph01 / ֿݪ ཾ Twitter: @s01 ҉߸ͱ͔Ͱ͖·͢ Elixirͱ͔Ͱ͖·͢ Ruby·ΔͰΘ͔ΒΜ
None
W3CͷձٞͰདྷ·ͨ͠ ͍Ζ͍Ζweb-relatedͳεςοΧʔͱ ͔͋ΔͷͰ͋ͱͰ͔͚͍ͯͩ͘͞
None
None
None
RailsͰϝʔϧͷͯ͢ Λѻ͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬ ͨʂ
MTAʮͷʯೖΓޱΛ උ͍͑ͯΔɺͱ͋Δ͚ ͲɺͲͪΒ͔ͱ͍͏ͱ MTAʮ͔ΒͷʯೖΓޱ
͜ΕԿΛ͢Δͷͧ • ड৴ϝʔϧΛActiveRecordΦϒδΣΫτʹม • ActiveStorageͰϥΠϑαΠΫϧཧɺҰఆظؒܦͬͨΒࣗಈম ٫ʢআʣ • ϝʔϧΛड͚ͨͱ͖ͷॲཧΛॻ͚Δ
ݸਓͰϝʔϧΔͷ͓͢͢ Ί͠·ͤΜ • IMAPΔͱετϨʔδࠈʹؕΓ·͢ • ໎ϝʔϧରࡦ͠ΜͲ͍ • ઃఆϛεΔͱϝʔϧ͕૬खʹಧ͖·ͤΜ • ͱ͍͏͔SMTPΛΊΖ
ͳͷͰGuidesʹॻ͍ͯ͋ΔΑ ͏ʹWebαʔϏεΛ͓͏ • Mailgun • Mandrill • Postmark • SendGrid
• ·ͨAmazon SESʢଞʹൺΔͱࣗͰMTAཧ͢Δͷʹۙ͘ ͋Δʣ
ͦΕͰΓͨ͘ͳͬ ͨͱ͖ͷΛ͠·͢
: ͔͜͜ΒNot Ruby Rubyͷݴ༿ͰؤுΓ͔͚ͨͬͨͲؒ ʹ߹Θͳ͔ͬͨΑ…
SMTP Ͳ͕͜SimpleͶΜMail Transfer Protocolɻ RFC 821 → ݱࡏͷ࠷৽ RFC 5321
ʮϝʔϧΛόέπϦϨʔͷΑ͏ʹసૹ͢ΔʯͷͰʮSMTP relayingʯͱ͔ʮϦϨʔαʔόʔʯͱ͔͍͏͚ΕͲݱతʹ͜ͷ Πϝʔδ࣋ͬͯͳͯ͘Α͍Ͱ͢ɻ૬खઌυϝΠϯ໊ͷMXϨίʔ υΛݟͯͦ͜ʹୟ͖͚ͭ·͢ɻ
None
SMTPʹೝূ͕ͳ͍ SMTPϦϨʔػߏΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷϓϩτίϧͳͷͰɺͲ͔͜Βϝʔ ϧ͕དྷ͔ͨΛ͍͍ͪͪೝূ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ɻཧ۶Θ͔Δͷ͚ͩ Ͳ໎ϝʔϧ͕ͼ͜Δ࠷େͷݪҼͷҰ͕ͭ͜Εɻ POP before SMTPɺSMTP-AUTHͳͲͷ֦ுͰೝূΛ͢Δɻ
SPF, DKIM ͜ͷϝʔϧͪΌΜͱ͜ͷυϝΠϯΛॴ༗͍ͯ͠Δਓʢͷαʔ όʔʣ͔Βདྷͯ·͢Αɺͱ͍͏͜ͱΛ͍ࣔͨ͠ɻ ͲͪΒDNSͷTXTϨίʔυʹهड़Λߦ͏ɻ • SPF: ڐՄ͢ΔIPΞυϨεΛࢦఆɻ • DKIM:
ެ։伴ΛTXTϨίʔυʹઃఆɻαʔόʔൿີ伴Λར༻͠ ͯϝοηʔδʹॺ໊͢Δɻ
SPF TXTϨίʔυʹIPΞυϨεɺ͘͠MXϨίʔυͷυϝΠϯ໊Λࢦ ఆ͢Δ͚ͩɻ ྫ: example.net. IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 -all"
DKIM • opendkimΛΠϯετʔϧͯ͠ઃఆ͢Δ • Δ͜ͱଟ͍ͷͰৄࡉDigitalOceanͷνϡʔτϦΞϧࢀর - https:/ /www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to- install-and-configure-dkim-with-postfix-on-debian-wheezy •
ެ։伴ɾൿີ伴ϖΞͷੜͱTXTϨίʔυͷੜΛͬͯ͘ ΕΔ
None
DMARC • ϔομʹࣔ͞ΕΔૹ৴ऀͷυϝΠϯ(Header-From)ͱMAIL FROM ίϚϯυͰ͞ΕΔૹ৴ऀͷυϝΠϯ(Envelope-From)ͷҰகΛ औΔ • Header-FromͷυϝΠϯ໊ͱDKIMͷ"d="Ͱ༩͑ΒΕΔυϝΠϯ ໊ͷҰகΛऔΔ ͱ͍͏ՃͷೝূΛ͢Δɻࣦഊͨ͠߹ʹυϝΠϯΦʔφʔʹ
ͷ͋ΔϝʔϧΛใࠂͰ͖ΔΈ͋Δɻ
SPF, DKIM, DMARCͷઃ ఆϛε͔ͳΓଟ͍ αʔϏεͬͯͯDNSઃఆΕΔͱ ໎ϝʔϧѻ͍͞Ε·͢
ड৴͢Δଆͱͯ͠ ʮ໎ϝʔϧड৴ ϘοΫεʹೖͬͨ࣌ Ͱෛ͚ʯ MTAͰݕূͪΌΜͱ͠Α͏
ૹΔଆͰؾΛ͚ͭͳ ͖Ό͍͚ͳ͍͜ͱ
LTͩͱೖΓΒͳ͍ͷ Ͱ؆୯ʹհ
GoogleͷҰׅૹ৴ΨΠυϥΠ ϯ https:/ /support.google.com/a/answer/81126?hl=ja ૹΔଆ͜Εकͬͯͳ͍ͱ͍ͭͷؒʹ͔໎ϝʔϧϑΥϧμߦ͖ ʹͳΓ·͢ɻ ૹ৴ϘϦϡʔϜ͕େ͖͍߹Postmaster ToolsΛ͏ͱΑ͍ɻ
mail-tester.com https:/ /www.mail-tester.com/ ͜͜ʹϝʔϧૹΔͱIP͕ϒϥοΫϦετ͞ΕͯΔ͔Ͳ͏͔Ұൠ తͳઃఆϛεʹ͍ͭͯڭ͑ͯ͘ΕΔɻ
None
DigitalOcean͔Βૹͬͯ ͨΒMSNʹϒϩοΫ͞ ΕͯͨͰ͟͝Δ
None
چWILLCOMܥͷΞυϨ εʹ௨৴͢Βड͚ ͚ͯΒ͑ͳ͔ͬͨ
None
ݸਓͰϝʔϧΔͷ͓͢͢ Ί͠·ͤΜ(࠶) • IMAPΔͱετϨʔδࠈʹؕΓ·͢ • ໎ϝʔϧରࡦ͠ΜͲ͍ • ઃఆϛεΔͱϝʔϧ͕૬खʹಧ͖·ͤΜ • ͱ͍͏͔SMTPΛΊΖ
ͳͷͰWebαʔϏεΛ͓͏ (࠶) • Mailgun, Mandrill, Postmark, SendGrid, Amazon SES •
αʔόʔӡ༻Λؙ͛Ͱ͖Δ͠ • ໎ϝʔϧରࡦͬͯ͘ΕΔ • IPΞυϨεͷϨϐϡςʔγϣϯཧͬͯ͘ΕΔ
Ͳ͏ͯ͠Γ͍ͨ ํʹ ͏ͪΐͬͱ౿ΈࠐΜͩ༰Λ"Dark Depths of SMTP"(ٕज़ॻయ4ॳग़)ͱ͍͏ ຊͰॻ͍͍ͯ·͢ ͜ͷۀຊ͕࠷ۙग़ͯͳ͍ͷͰ͓ ͦΒ͘࠷৽Ͱ͢ ͳ͓౦ํཁૉදࢴ͚ͩͰ͢ɻ
Welcome to SMTPপ