7年目を迎えたRails アプリケーションの傾向と対策/Rails Developers Meetup 2019 Day1

Rails Developers Meetup 2019でお話した「7年目を迎えたRails アプリケーションの傾向と対策」のスライドです。

Transcript

1. ೥໨Λܴ͑ͨ3BJMT
   ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ܏޲ͱରࡦ ࣦͦͯ͠ഊ 
   3BJMT%FWFMPQFST.FFUVQ
   גࣜձࣾΩονϋΠΫ
   খ઒
   ߶
2. %))৴ऀͷΈͳ͞Μ
   ͜Μʹͪ͸ʂ
3. ࢲ΋Ͱ͢ʂ
4. ࣗݾ঺հ w גࣜձࣾΩονϋΠΫ
   ΤϯδχΞ
   w খ઒
   ߶
   (JU)VC
   UBPHBXB
   w αʔόʔαΠυΛओʹ୲౰͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ
5. %))৴ऀͱͯ͠ͷ
   Ξ΢τϓοτ
6. IUUQTUFDILJUDIIJLFDPNFOUSZ
7. ຊ೔ͷςʔϚ
8. ຊ೔ͷςʔϚ
   Ϩʔϧ͔Βগ͠֎Εͨઌͷ
   ύλʔϯ
9. ͸͡Ίʹ
10. 3BJMT͸
    ʮͷιϦϡʔγϣϯͰ
    ໰୊ͷΛղܾͰ͖Δʯ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ʮ3VCZ
    PO
    3BJMT
    %))ͷΠϯλϏϡʔʯ
    IUUQTLENTOSDPNUSBOTMBUJPOTJOUFSWJFXXJUIEII
    ຋༁
11. ͦͷͱ͓Γɺ
    େମͷ͜ͱΛ؆୯ʹ͢͹΍͘ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ
12. ͷιϦϡʔγϣϯͰ໰୊ͷΛղܾͰ͖Δ w $P$ ઃఆΑΓن໿ Ͱ൥ࡶͳઃఆϑΝΠϧΛল ུ
    w .PEFMͱςʔϒ ϧͷಉҰࢹ "DUJWF
    3FDPSEύλʔ ϯ ͰϚοϐϯάΛγϯϓϧʹ
    w ͳͲͳͲɾɾɾ3BJMTͷ͢͹Β͠͞ͷͻͱͭ͸ɺ ͦͷେ୾ʹׂΓ੾ͬͨઃܭࢥ૝
13. ͍ͬΆ͏ͰϨʔϧ͔Β֎ΕΔͱ͖͍ͭ w ్୺ʹϋʔυϧ্͕͕Δ
    w "ͦ΋ͦ΋ϨʔϧΛ͸ͣΕΔͷ͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔ
    w ʮͷػೳʙʯΛߟ͑Δͱਖ਼࿦
    w ͚ΕͲɺن໛͕େ͖͘ͳͬͯ͘ΔʹͭΕͯɺ΍ͬ ͺΓ3BJMTͷϨʔϧ͚ͩ͡Όݫ͍͠ɺͪΐͬͱ͸ ͣΕ͍ͨέʔε͕ग़ͯ͘Δ
14. ͦΜͳͱ͖Ͳ͏͢Δ͔
15. ͍͔ͭ͘ͷʮϨʔϧΛͪΐͬͱ͸ͣΕͨʯ ఆ൪ύλʔϯ͕͋Δ w ංେԽͨ͠"DUJWF3FDPSEϞσϧΛϦϑΝΫλϦϯά͢ Δͭͷํ๏
    w IUUQTUFDISBDIPCQTJODKQ IBDIJ@@
    ຋༁
    w IUUQTDPEFDMJNBUFDPNCMPHXBZTUP EFDPNQPTFGBUBDUJWFSFDPSENPEFMT
    ݪจ
    w ೥Ҏ্લ͚ͩͲݹͼͳ͍ఆ൪ͷهࣄ
16. Ͳ͔͜Ͱฉ͍ͨ͜ͱͷ͋Δύλʔϯୡ w 7BMVF
    0CKFDU
    w 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU
    w 'PSN
    0CKFDU
    w 2VFSZ
    0CKFDU
    w 7JFX
    0CKFDU
    w 1PMJDZ
    0CKFDU
    w %FDPSBUPS
17. Ͱ΋࣮ࡍͲ͏͔ͭ͑͹͍͍ͷ w ͜ΕΒͷύλʔϯͷมछΛɺ৭Μͳਓ͕গ͠ ͣͭҧ͔ͬͨͨͪͰݴ͍ͬͯΔΑ͏ʹݟ͑Δ
    w ݁ہɺ࣮ࡍʹऔΓೖΕΔஈͰɺͲ͏࣮૷͢Δ ͔໎ࢠʹͳͬͯ͠·͏
18. ੈͷதʹ
    ʮͪΐͬͱ͸ͣΕͨϨʔϧʯ
    ͷݱ৔Ͱͷ࣮ྫ͕
    ·ͩ·ͩදʹग़͍ͯͳ͍
19. ͳΒ͹
    Φʔϓϯʹ͢Δ͔͠ͳ͍
20. ࠓճ͸͜͏ͨ͠ύλʔϯΛ
    ΩονϋΠΫͰ
    Ͳ͏࢖͖͔ͬͯͨɺ
    ࣦഊ΋ؚΊͯ
    ͝঺հ͠·͢
21. ࠓճ͝঺հ͢Δύλʔϯ w 7JFX
    .PEFM
    w 'PSN
    .PEFM
    w 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU
22. ͦͷ·͑ʹ
23. ΩονϋΠΫͷίʔυ w ೥݄
    3BJMT͔Β
    ։ൃελʔτ
    w ೥݄
    αʔϏεϩʔϯν
    w Ҏ߱਺೥ؒɺdਓ͘Β͍Ͱ։ൃ
    w ೥݄ݱࡏ
    w σβΠφʔਓ
    w ϓϩάϥϚʔਓ
    w ೥໨Λܴ͑ɺͦΕͳΓʹྺ࢙͋Δίʔυʹͳ͖ͬͯͨ
24. ΩονϋΠΫͷίʔυ w ݱࡏͷόʔδϣϯ
    w 3VCZ
    
    ૣ্͍͛ͨ͘
    w 3BJMT
    
    ૣ্͍͛ͨ͘
    w .POHPJE
    
    w .POHP%#
    
25. ΩονϋΠΫͷίʔυ w $POUSPMMFS
    w $MBTTFT
    
    -0$
    
    w .PEFMT
    w $MBTTFT
    -0$
    
    w খن໛Ͱͳ͘ͳͬͨେ͖͞
26. ͦͷ
    7JFX
    .PEFM
27. Ϣʔεέʔε w දࣔͷΈʹ࢖͏Α͏ͳϩδοΫ
    w ෳ਺Ϟσϧʹ·͕ͨΔදࣔϩδοΫ
    w ஔ͖৔ॴʹࠔΔͳ͜Εɾɾɾ
    w ଥڠతͳબ୒͔ΒϏϡʔʹॻ͔ΕɺϏϡʔ͕͝ ͪΌͪ͝Όͯ͘͠Δ
28. ͜Μͳͱ͖ # 表示にだけ必要な日付フォーマット = @event.start_at.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M') # 複数のモデルが関連する表示ロジック - if @user.paid_member? && @product.member_only_discount? = @product.discount_price - else = @product.price
29. ରࡦ
    ͜͜Ͱ7JFX
    .PEFMͷग़൪ w දࣔϩδοΫΛ
    $POUSPMMFS
    Ͱ΋ͳ͘ɺ7JFX
    Ͱ ΋ͳ͘ɺ
    7JFX
    .PEFMʹॻ͘
    w ͦΕ༻ͷ(FN΋͋Δ "DUJWF
    %FDPSBUPS΍ %SBQFS
    w 1030Ͱ΋े෼
30. 7JFX.PEFM 1SFTFOUFS ͷఆٛ class ProductPresenter # ... def price discount? ? @product.discount_price : @product.price end def discount? @user.paid_member? && @product.member_only_discount? end end
31. 7JFX͕͖ͬ͢Γʂ # before - if @user.paid_member? && @product.member_only_discount? = @product.discount_price - else = @product.price - end # after = @product_presenter.price
32. ͪͳΈʹ w ʮදࣔϩδοΫ༻ͷϞσϧʯ͸͍Ζ͍Ζͳݺ ͼํ͕͋Δ
    w 7JFX
    .PEFM
    7JFX
    0CKFDU
    %FDPSBUPS
    1SFTFOUFS
    ɾɾɾ
    w ͲΕ͕ਖ਼͍͠ͱ͍͏ͷ͸ͳ͍͕ɺνʔϜ಺Ͱೝ ࣝΛ߹Θ͓ͤͯ͘ͷ͕٢
33. ͪͳΈʹ w ΩονϋΠΫͰ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹݺͼ෼͚͍ͯ Δ
    w ૯শʮ7JFX
    .PEFMʯ
    w ୯ҰϞσϧ༻ʮ%FDPSBUPSʯ
    w ෳ਺Ϟσϧ༻ʮ1SFTFOUFSʯ
34. Ϡολʔ
    7JFX
    .PEFM
    ࠷ߴ
36. ͦͯ͠ɺམͱ݀͠
37. ௐࢠʹ৐Γ࣮͗ͨ͢ྫ w ΋ͬͱԠ༻Ͱ͖ΔͷͰ͸ʁͱࢥࣦͬͯഊͨ͠ ࣮ྫ
    w Ϩίʔυͷछྨ͝ͱʹࢀর͢ΔϞσϧ͕ҧ͏ ͓஌ΒͤΛ࣮૷͠Α͏ͱͨ͠ͱ͖ͷ͜ͱ
38. ͓஌Βͤը໘ w ͓஌Βͤͷ৘ใ͸छྨ͝ͱ ʹ͍ΖΜͳςʔϒ ϧ͔Βσʔ λΛऔΔඞཁ͕͋Δ
    w ҰํɺදࣔΠϯλʔϑΣʔ ε͸ڞ௨
    w ͓஌Βͤ༻ςʔϒϧ࡞Βͳ ͯ͘΋ɺ1SFTFOUFSͰ͍͚ ΔͷͰ͸ʁ
39. Ͳ͏ͳ͔ͬͨ w ୺తʹݴࣦͬͯഊͩͬͨ
    w / ໰୊͕ൃੜɻ͔͠΋ɺߏ଄తʹ௚ͮ͠Β͍
    w ࢀর͢Δςʔϒϧ͕Ϩίʔυ͝ͱʹҧ͏͔Β FBHFS@MPBEͮ͠Β͍
    w ૉ௚ʹςʔϒϧ࡞Ε͹Α͔ͬͨͷʹɾɾɾ
40. 7JFX
    .PEFMͷֶͼ w 7JFX
    .PEFM͸1030ͳͷͰ৭ʑ༥௨͕ར͖΍ ͍͢
    w ͕ͩɺ.PEFM͔Βੜ੒͢ΔͷͰɺσʔλΞΫη εͷ໰୊͕ى͖΍͍͢
    w ಛʹҰཡܥͰ͸ཁ஫ҙ
41. ͦͷ
    'PSN
    .PEFM
42. Ϣʔεέʔε w Ϟσϧʹඥ෇͔ͳ͍ϑΥʔϜΛѻ͏έʔε
    w ӬଓԽ͠ͳ͍߲໨͕͋Δ
    w ෳ਺Ϟσϧʹ·͕ͨΔ
    w ϦΫΤετύϥϝʔλΛ$POUSPMMFS಺Ͱ͋͋ͨ͠Γɺ ͜͏ͨ͠Γɾɾɾ
    w $POUSPMMFS಺ͷίʔυ͕ͪ͝Όͪ͝Όͯ͘͠Δ
43. Α͋͘Δ֬ೝνΣοΫ w ϝοηʔδ͸%#ʹ อଘͷඞཁ͕͋Δ͕ɺ ֬ೝνΣοΫ͸อଘ ෆཁ
44. Α͋͘Δ֬ೝνΣοΫ # view = form_for(@event, url:foo_path(@event), method: 'patch') do |f| = f.hidden_field :event_id = text_area_tag :body = check_box_tag :confirmed # 確認チェック = f.submit "予約をキャンセル" # controller # パラメータのチェックが複数あると見通しが悪くなる if params[:confirmed] == "1" # ... else # ... end
45. ରࡦ͜͜Ͱ'PSN
    .PEFMͷग़൪ w Ϟσϧʹඥ෇͔ͳ͍ɺϑΥʔϜઐ༻ͷϞσϧΛ ఆٛ͢Δ
    w ϦΫΤετύϥϝʔλͷνΣοΫͳͲ͸'PSN
    .PEFM಺Ͱߦ͏
46. 'PSN
    .PEFMͷఆٛ class EventCancellationMessageForm include ActiveModel::Model attr_accessor :event_id, :body, :confirmed validates :body, presence: true validates :confirmed, acceptance: true # ... end
47. $POUSPMMFS͕͖ͬ͢Γʂ # before if params[:confirmed] == "1" # ... else # ... end # after @event_cancellation_form = EventCancellationMessageForm.new(cancellation_message_params) # パラメータチェックが複数あってもFormModel内で処理できる if @event_cancellation_form.valid? # ... end
48. 'PSN
    .PEFMͷఆٛ w "DUJWF.PEFM.PEFM
    ΛJODMVEF
    w GPSN@XJUI
    GPSN@GPSͰ௨ৗͷϞσϧͷΑ͏ʹѻ͑Δʂ
    w ϑΥʔϜʹඥ෇͔ͳ͍όϦσʔγϣϯΛ'PSN
    .PEFM ಺Ͱ͖ͬ͢Γॻ͚Δ
    w ʮ֬ೝ͠·ͨ͠ʯνΣοΫ
    w ෳ਺Ϟσϧʹ·͕ͨΔόϦσʔγϣϯ
49. ͞ΒʹɺԠ༻΋ར͘ΜͰ͢ # view = form_for @bulk_schedule_form, url:schedules_path, method: "post" do |f| = f.fields_for :schedules do |s| # ... =f.submit "一括登録" # form_model class BulkScheduleForm includes Activemodel::Model attr_accessor: schedules # ... def schedule_attributes=(attributes) self.schedules = attributes.map do |schedule_attributes| schedule.new(schedule_attributes) end end end
50. Ұׅొ࿥'PSNʹ΋࢖͑Δ w গ͠खΛՃ͑Ε͹Ұׅొ࿥'PSNͳͲʹ΋Ԡ༻ ͕ར͘
    w ࢠϨίʔυͷߋ৽΋ؚΉ৔߹ɺ BDDFQUT@OFTUFE@BUUSJCVUFT@GPS
    ΋ͳͤ͘Δ
51. Ϡολʔ
    'PSN
    .PEFM
    ࠷ߴ
53. ͦͯ͠ɺམͱ݀͠
54. 'PSN
    .PEFMଠΓ͕ͪ໰୊ w 'PSN
    .PEFM͕ଠͬͯ͠·ͬͨ
    w όϦσʔγϣϯ͕ෳࡶԽ
    w ͜Ε͸Ϟσϧʹॻ͚͹͍͍ͷͰ͸ʁͳόϦσʔ γϣϯ·Ͱ'PSN
    .PEFMʹॻ͔Εͯ͠·ͬͨ
55. 'PSN
    .PEFMͷֶͼ w 'PSN
    .PEFM͸Ԡ༻΋ར͍ͯ΂ΜΓ
    w 'PSN
    .PEFM͸ബ͘ɻ͋͘·Ͱओ໾͸.PEFM
    w όϦσʔγϣϯͳͲͷ੹຿͸ɺ.PEFMʹۃྗ࣋ ͨͤͯɺ'PSN
    .PEFM͸ͦΕΛݺͼग़͚ͩ͢ʹ ͠Α͏
56. ͦͷ
    4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU
57. Ϣʔεέʔε w ͋Δखଓ͖Λͻͱ·ͱ·Γʹ͍ͨ͠ͱ͖
    w ෳ਺ͷϞσϧʹର͢Δॲཧ
    w %#ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ
    w ϕλʹ$POUSPMMFSʹॻ͍͍ͯͬͯɺ$POUSPMMFS ͷݟ௨͕͠ѱ͘ͳΔ
58. ରࡦ͜͜Ͱ4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUͷग़൪ w 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUʹͻͱ·ͱ·ΓͷॲཧΛҠಈ͞ ͤΔ
    w BQQTFSWJDFTҎԼʹ4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUΛఆٛ
    w ݴޠ໰Θͣఆ൪ͷύλʔϯ
59. 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUͷఆٛ # service_object class EventCreateService def initialize(params) # ... end def call # ... end end # controller service = EventCreateService.new(event_params) service.call if service.success? # ... end
60. 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUͷఆٛ w ίϯετϥΫλҎ֎ɺQVCMJDϝιου͸جຊͻͱͭͷΈ
    w DBMM
    ͱ͔
    FYFDVUF
    ͱ͔
    w $PNNBOEύλʔϯͬΆ͍
    w ඞཁʹԠͯ͡εςʔτϦʔμʔΛఆٛ
    w $POUSPMMFSʹϕλॻ͖͞ΕͨϏδωεϩδοΫΛ 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUʹఆٛͯ͠ɺ$POUSPMMFSΛ͖ͬ͢Γ
61. 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUͷఆٛ w ϝδϟʔͳύλʔϯͳͷͰɺ044΋ࢀߟʹ͠΍͍͢
    w .BTUPEPOͳͲ
    w ΩονϋΠΫͰ͸ҎԼΛࢀߟʹ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w 3BJMTͰॏཁͳύλʔϯQBSU
    
    4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU
    w IUUQTUFDISBDIPCQTJODKQ IBDIJ@@
    ຋༁
62. Ϡολʔ
    4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU
    ࠷ߴ
64. ͦͯ͠ɺམͱ݀͠
65. αʔϏεͷ֓೦޿͗͢໰୊ w 4FSWJDFͷޠ͕Ұൠత͗ͯ͢ɺ͍ΖΜͳఆ͕ٛ ͋Δ
    w ΈΜͳͷ;Θͬͱͨ͠ײ֮ͰΫϥεΛ௥Ճ͠ ͍ͯ͘ͱɺBQQTFSWJDFTσ ΟϨΫτϦҎԼ͕ଠͬ ͍ͯ͘
66. ͋ͳͨͷαʔϏε͸ͲͷαʔϏεʁ w ͦ΋ͦ΋&SJD
    &WBOTͷ%%%ຊͰͷαʔϏεఆ͕ٛ෯޿͍
    w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯαʔϏε
    w υϝΠϯαʔϏε
    w ΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟαʔϏε
    w 1PG&""ͷαʔϏεϨΠϠʔ
    w ͍͍ײ͡ͷศརϝιουͱͯ͠4FSWJDF͕࢖ΘΕΔ
    w ͜ͷ఺Λҙ͍ࣝͯ͠ͳ͍ͱɺ࿩͕͔Έ߹Θͳ͍
67. ͞Βʹɺམͱ݀͠
68. τϥϯβΫγϣϯεΫϦϓτ໰୊ w 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUʹϞϦϞϦϩδοΫΛॻ͍ͯ͠ ·͏
    w ݁Ռɺ$POUSPMMFSͷ͔ΘΓʹ4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU ͷݟ௨͕͠ѱ͍͚ͩʹͳΔ
    w υϝΠϯϞσϧශ݂঱
69. ֓೦Λ੔ཧ͢Δ w ΩονϋΠΫͰͷαʔϏε͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣ ϯαʔϏεͱͯ͠ఆ͍ٛͯ͠Δ
    w ͱ͸͍͏΋ͷͷɺ৭ʑͳαʔϏε͕ࠞࡏͯ͠ ͍ͯಓ൒͹
70. αʔϏε͸ബ͘ w ϩδοΫ͸Ϟσϧʹॻ͘
    w 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU͸ͦΕΛݺͼग़͚ͩ͢
    w αʔϏεΫϥεʹͭͷ࢓ࣄ
    w ಈࢺ
    
    ໊ࢺ
    
    4FSWJDF
    w ྫ
    $SFBUF&WFOU4FSWJDF
71. 4FSWJDF
    0CKFDUͷֶͼ w 4FSWJDFͷڞ௨ೝࣝΛνʔϜ಺Ͱڞ༗͓ͯ͘͠
    w ڞ௨ͨ͠ਖ਼ղͱ͍͏΋ͷ͸ͳͦ͞͏
    w ஔ͖৔΍໋໊نଇɺΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛͪΌΜͱ੔උ ͠Α͏
    w 4FSWJDF͸ബ͘ɻ͋͘·Ͱओ໾͸.PEFM
    w υϝΠϯϩδοΫ͸ɺ.PEFMʹۃྗ࣋ͨͤͯɺ4FSWJDF
    0CKFDU͸ͦΕΛݺͼग़͚ͩ͢ʹ͠Α͏
72. ·ͱΊ
73. ϨʔϧΛͪΐͬͱ֎Εͨ
    ఆ൪ύλʔϯͨͪɺ
    ศརͰ͢Α
74. ͚ΕͲ
    ੈͷதʹ͸·ͩ·࣮ͩྫ͕଍Γͳ͍
    ݱ৔ͷ஌ݟ͕޿·Βͳ͚Ε͹
    ύλʔϯ͸ఆண͠ͳ͍
75. ͜ΕͰ3BJMT͸
    େ͖ͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ࢖͑ͳ͍
    ͳΜͯݴ༿͸ෆຊҙͰ͸ʁ
76. ΋ͬͱ΋ͬͱ
    ࣗ෼ͨͪͷ
    औΓ૊ΈΛɺࣦഊΛɺ
    Φʔϓϯʹ͢Δ
    ͦΜͳ3BJMTίϛϡχςΟ΁ͷ ߩݙ΋͋ΔͷͰ͸
77. ΋ͬͱ΋ͬͱ
    Έͳ͞Μͷ
    ݱ৔ͷ஌ݟΛΦʔϓϯʹ
78. ͝ਗ਼ௌ
    ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠