HTTPS Is Coming - WP SFO

Google, Firefox, and the IETF are currently engaged in major initiatives to convert the web to be secure by default. Page ranking, new browser APIs, and HTTP/2 are all pushing websites to require HTTPS. An HTTPS only web is imminent. Unfortunately, according to SSL Pulse, 58% of the top 1 million websites that use HTTPS are not actually secure because of misconfiguration. Do you know how to configure HTTPS properly? In my talk, I will discuss the key aspects of HTTPS to empower developers to deploy truly secure HTTPS sites.

1. HTTPS is Coming Zack Tollman @tollmanz
2. Are you prepared?
4. “Pervasive monitoring is a technical attack that should be mitigated in the design of IETF protocols, where possible.” — IETF https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7258
5. “Today we are announcing our intent to phase out non-secure HTTP” — Richard Barnes, Firefox Security Lead https://blog.mozilla.org/security/2015/04/30/deprecating-non-secure-http/
6. HTTP/2 is TLS only in Chrome, Firefox, Opera, IE/Edge, and Safari https://wiki.mozilla.org/Networking/http2
7. Now Later Less TLS More TLS
8. TLS knowledge is now essential
9. We are bad at TLS
10. 58% of sites are not secure https://www.trustworthyinternet.org/ssl-pulse/
11. “misconfiguration errors are undermining the potential security” — Kranch & Bonneau (2015) http://www.internetsociety.org/sites/default/files/01_4_0.pdf
12. “industry-wide configuration problem with the deployment of DHE key exchange” — Huang, Adhikarla, Boneh, & Jackson (2014) http://www.w2spconf.com/2014/papers/TLS.pdf
13. Why?
14. Unless you are a cryptographer, this stuff is hard
15. Copying and pasting is easy
16. Knowing what you are doing is hard
17. TLS Basics
18. Transport Layer Security
19. SSL v2 SSL v3 TLS v1 TLS v1.1 TLS v1.2 1995 1996 1999 2006 2008
20. TCP Transport Layer Security HTTP
21. Provides authentication, encryption, integrity, and key exchange
22. Authentication
23. Is the server the intended server?
24. Integrity
25. Is the message received the message sent?
26. Encryption
27. Converts plaintext to ciphertext
28. n h g b z n g g v p
29. a u t o m a t t i c n h g b z n g g v p
30. A B C D E F N O P Q R S +13
31. Algorithm: Letter + 13 = Cipher Letter
32. Substitution Cipher Caesar Cipher
33. Key is 13
34. Key owners can encrypt and decrypt
35. Key Exchange
36. How do we establish an encryption key for 2 unknown parties over an insecure connection?
37. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Bezos#/media/File:Jeff_Bezos%27_iconic_laugh.jpg
38. Diffie-Hellman-Merkle key exchange
39. p = 23 g = 5 https://github.com/tollmanz/diffie-hellman-key-exchange-demo Demo
40. If anything goes wrong, make a joke about bad wifi
41. Compromise of any of these, compromises the whole system
42. Cipher Suites
43. Combination of algorithms for authentication, integrity, encryption, and key exchange
44. ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_certificate /path/to/public.crt; ssl_certificate_key /path/to/private.key; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM- SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM- SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE- ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384…; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; https://github.com/igrigorik/istlsfastyet.com/blob/master/nginx/includes/ssl.conf
45. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
46. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Key Exchange
47. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Certificate signing algorithm (Authentication)
48. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Cipher (Encryption)
49. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Message authentication code (Integrity)
50. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128- GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE- ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM- SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH +AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128- SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256- SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256- SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128- SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256- SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:! EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES- CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3- SHA
51. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128- GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE- ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM- SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH +AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128- SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256- SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256- SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128- SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256- SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:! EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES- CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3- SHA
52. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128- GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE- ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM- SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH +AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA- AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128- SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256- SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256- SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128- SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256- SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:! EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES- CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3- SHA
55. What?
56. Use Mozilla’s guide https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS
57. The Code Book Simon Singh High Performance Browser Networking (TLS Chapter) Ilya Grigorik Bulletproof SSL and TLS Ivan Ristic SSL and TLS: Designing and Building Secure Systems Eric Rescorla
58. https://speakerdeck.com/ tollmanz/https-is- coming-wp-sfo @tollmanz