Phoenix for Laravel Developers

This talk I gave at the 2017 madewithlove retreat (https://2017.mwl.be/) and also at the Maceió DEV Meetup #21 (https://www.meetup.com/pt-BR/maceio-dev-meetup/events/245530346/)

The idea is to compare building the same application in two web frameworks in different languages. One I know and work daily, which is Laravel, and the other one is new to me and I had no experience in Elixir, the language the framework was built in.

The idea is not to compare both languages or frameworks. My goal was mainly learn something new building the same thing twice and see how different languages and frameworks can be used to build similar things.

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## Slides links

Slide 13:
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Zlp9rKHGD4

Slide 18:
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aA-XHI-EYcM

Slide 20:
- https://github.com/tonysm/slackish-laravel
- https://github.com/tonysm/slackish-phoenix

Slide 32:
- http://phoenixframework.org/blog/the-road-to-2-million-websocket-connections

Slide 38:
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H686MDn4Lo8

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## References for this talk

Functional Programming; What? Why? When? (Robert C Martin) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Zlp9rKHGD4
Real World Elixir Deployment (Pete Gamache) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H686MDn4Lo8
Erlang: The Movie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrIjfIjssLE
Lonestar ElixirConf 2017- KEYNOTE: Phoenix 1.3 by Chris McCord https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMO28ar0lW8
GOTO 2016 • Phoenix a Web Framework for the New Web • José Valim https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bk3icU8iIto
ElixirConf 2016 - Giving up the Object-Oriented Ghost by Morgan Lanco https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VpZ6gQsyDY
GOTO 2017 • Elixir: The only Sane Choice in an Insane World • Brian Cardarella https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gom6nEvtl3U
Elixir, quem é esse pokemon? - Bruno Volcov https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aA-XHI-EYcM
Ecto, você sabe o que é? - Amanda Sposito https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQM4VdEpz6g
Programming Phoenix (book) by Chris McCord, Bruce Tate, and José Valim https://pragprog.com/book/phoenix/programming-phoenix

Transcript

1. Tony Messias Maceió DEV Meetup #21 Phoenix for Laravel developers
3. This is not a hands-on talk.
4. I'm not going to teach you Elixir (or Phoenix) in 30~ish minutes.
5. I'm not saying that one is better than the other.
6. In fact, I'm actually showing that you can build shiny things with tools you already know.
7. This talk in a mind-map.
8. Functional Programming
9. Functional Programming
10. Haven't the Gods of programming decided that OOP has won this battle?
11. Why is functional programming in such a “hype” now?
12. What is a function? • In math, functions are all about transforming input to output (sounds familiar?) • You might be used to expressing functions in math like so: y = x * 2 or g = x ^ 2 • But there is another notation that is much more expressive (IMO): f(x) = x * 2 f(5) = 5 * 2 f(5) = 10
13. f(x) = x * 2 --- const f = (x) => x * 2 var x = 5 assertEquals(f(x), 10) assertEquals(f(x), f(x)) source
14. class Value { constructor(val) { this.value = val; } } const f = (x) => x.value++ * 2 const x = new Value(5); console.log(f(x) == f(x)); // True or False? console.log(x.value); // What is the value?
15. class Value { constructor(val) { this.value = val; } } const f = (x) => x.value++ * 2 const x = new Value(5); console.log(f(x) == f(x)); // false console.log(x.value); // 7
16. Immutability ease distributing computation.
17. Concurrency and Parallelism
18. Parallelism Concurrency source
19. before I forget...
20. Slack'ish in Laravel tonysm/slackish-laravel Slack'ish in Phoenix tonysm/slackish-phoenix
21. Elixir, the good parts
22. defmodule SlackishphxWeb.CompanyController do use SlackishphxWeb, :controller plug SlackishphxWeb.Plugs.RequireAuth def create(conn, %{"company" => params}) do case Slackishphx.Auth.create_company(conn.assigns[:user], params) do {:ok, company} -> conn |> create_default_channel(company) |> switch_company(conn.assigns[:user], company) {:error, changeset} -> conn |> render("new.html", changeset: changeset) end end end
23. defmodule SlackishphxWeb.CompanyController do use SlackishphxWeb, :controller plug SlackishphxWeb.Plugs.RequireAuth def create(conn, %{"company" => params}) do case Slackishphx.Auth.create_company(conn.assigns[:user], params) do {:ok, company} -> conn |> create_default_channel(company) |> switch_company(conn.assigns[:user], company) {:error, changeset} -> conn |> render("new.html", changeset: changeset) end end end
24. defmodule SlackishphxWeb.CompanyController do use SlackishphxWeb, :controller plug SlackishphxWeb.Plugs.RequireAuth def create(conn, %{"company" => params}) do case Slackishphx.Auth.create_company(conn.assigns[:user], params) do {:ok, company} -> conn |> create_default_channel(company) |> switch_company(conn.assigns[:user], company) {:error, changeset} -> conn |> render("new.html", changeset: changeset) end end end
25. Phoenix, the good parts
26. MVC
27. Phoenix is not your application.
28. slackishphx/lib ├── slackishphx │ ├── application.ex │ ├── auth │ │ ├── auth.ex │ │ ├── company.ex │ │ └── user.ex │ ├── chat │ │ ├── channel.ex │ │ └── chat.ex │ └── repo.ex ├── slackishphx.ex ├── slackishphx_web │ ├── channels │ ├── controllers │ ├── endpoint.ex │ ├── gettext.ex │ ├── plugs │ ├── router.ex │ ├── templates │ └── views └── slackishphx_web.ex
29. slackishphx/lib ├── slackishphx │ ├── application.ex │ ├── auth │ │ ├── auth.ex │ │ ├── company.ex │ │ └── user.ex │ ├── chat │ │ ├── channel.ex │ │ └── chat.ex │ └── repo.ex ├── slackishphx.ex ├── slackishphx_web │ ├── channels │ ├── controllers │ ├── endpoint.ex │ ├── gettext.ex │ ├── plugs │ ├── router.ex │ ├── templates │ └── views └── slackishphx_web.ex
30. slackishphx/lib ├── slackishphx │ ├── application.ex │ ├── auth │ │ ├── auth.ex │ │ ├── company.ex │ │ └── user.ex │ ├── chat │ │ ├── channel.ex │ │ └── chat.ex │ └── repo.ex ├── slackishphx.ex ├── slackishphx_web │ ├── channels │ ├── controllers │ ├── endpoint.ex │ ├── gettext.ex │ ├── plugs │ ├── router.ex │ ├── templates │ └── views └── slackishphx_web.ex
31. Phoenix Channels
32. http://phoenixframework.org/blog/the-road-to-2-million-websocket-connections
33. Ecto
34. defmodule Slackishphx.Auth.User do use Ecto.Schema # ... schema "users" do field :name, :string field :email, :string field :google_id, :string field :google_token, :string field :avatar_path, :string belongs_to :current_company, Company has_many :companies, Company, foreign_key: :owner_id timestamps() end end
35. defmodule Slackishphx.Auth.User do # ... @doc false def register_from_google_changeset(%User{} = user, attrs) do user |> cast(attrs, [:name, :email, :google_id, ...]) |> validate_required([:name, :email, ...]) end end
36. defmodule Slackishphx.Auth do @moduledoc """ The Auth context. """ def create_company(%User{} = user, params) do changeset = user |> build_assoc(:companies) |> Company.create_company_changeset(params) Repo.insert(changeset) end end
37. The not so good parts...
38. deployment source
39. Comparisons*
40. Comparison Laravel (PHP) Phoenix (Elixir) Webapp (sessions) API (everything needs to go through HTTP) Pusher (websockets) Worker (broadcasting is delivered here) Database (sqlite) Queue Webapp (sessions) Channels (websockets) Database (sqlite)
41. Some similarities broadcast(new NewMessage( $request->user(), $channel, $request->input('content'), $request->input('uuid'), Carbon::now() )); broadcast!(socket, "rooms:#{room_id}:new", %{ message: message, user: user, uuid: uuid, time: DateTime.utc_now } )
42. Improvement points to Laravel Broadcast::channel('App.User.{id}', function ($user, $id) { return (int) $user->id === (int) $id; }); Broadcast::channel('channels.{channel}', function (\App\User $user, \App\Channel $channel) { if (!$channel->exists || !$user->canJoin($channel)) { return false; } $user->joinChannel($channel); return [ 'id' => $user->id, 'name' => $user->name, 'avatar_path' => $user->avatar_path, ]; }); channel "companies:*", SlackishphxWeb.CompanyChannel channel "rooms:*", SlackishphxWeb.RoomChannel
43. That's it!
44. References • Functional Programming; What? Why? When? (Robert C Martin) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Zlp9rKHGD4 • Real World Elixir Deployment (Pete Gamache) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H686MDn4Lo8 • Erlang: The Movie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrIjfIjssLE • Lonestar ElixirConf 2017- KEYNOTE: Phoenix 1.3 by Chris McCord https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMO28ar0lW8 • GOTO 2016 • Phoenix a Web Framework for the New Web • José Valim https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bk3icU8iIto
45. References • ElixirConf 2016 - Giving up the Object-Oriented Ghost by Morgan Lanco https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VpZ6gQsyDY • GOTO 2017 • Elixir: The only Sane Choice in an Insane World • Brian Cardarella https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gom6nEvtl3U • Elixir, quem é esse pokemon? - Bruno Volcov https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aA-XHI-EYcM • Ecto, você sabe o que é? - Amanda Sposito https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQM4VdEpz6g • Programming Phoenix (book) by Chris McCord, Bruce Tate, and José Valim https://pragprog.com/book/phoenix/programming-phoenix