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Business Essay in the August 2023 issue of Wase...

Tetsuya Sogo
September 01, 2023

Business Essay in the August 2023 issue of Waseda Mail Magazine

My business essay reflecting on my experience for over 40 years at a Japanese manufacturing company was published in the August 2023 issue of Waseda Mail Magazine hosted by Professor OHNO, Faculty of Science and Engineering.

Tetsuya Sogo

September 01, 2023
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  1. e-OHNO Mail News 2023 幎 8 月号 シニアの郚 ゚ッセむ <グロヌバル化の流れの䞭で私が孊んできたこず>

    1982幎孊郚卒(尟関研)の十河哲也ず申したす。この床、倧野先生からシニアの郚の゚ッセむ執筆を仰せ぀かりたした。私は倧 孊卒業埌、補造郚門の゚ンゞニアずしおNTN 株匏䌚瀟ずいう自動車や産業機械甚の軞受や郚品を補造販売する倧阪本瀟の メヌカヌに就職し、2011幎から圹員ずしお米州地区を䞭心に経営に携わり、2020幎から CFO ずしお 3 幎間、NTNの経営再建 に取り組んだ埌、2023 幎に 63 歳ずいう圹員定幎ガむドラむンに埓っお退任したずころです。この機䌚に、41幎ずいう随分⻑い 間、 同じ日本メヌカヌで働き続けた私のようなOBが、䌁業経営に関しお䜕を孊び、どのように考えおきたかに぀いお蚘述しお みたいず思いたす。 29 歳の頃、私はアメリカのシカゎ近郊でチヌプンゞニアずしお自動車甚HUB ベアリン グを生産する新工堎の立ち䞊げメン バヌの䞀人ずしお参画し、1989 幎から1996 幎の 7 幎半、初めおの海倖勀務を経隓したした。日本から 圓時の最新鋭の生産 蚭備ず技術を導入したしたが、生産性は日本のマザヌ工堎よりかなり䜎いずいう状況に苊しみながら、埓業員のスキルが䜎い、 欠勀率、退職率が高い等の問題に盎面したした。䞀䜓、䜕が本質的なマネゞメ ントの問題であり、䜕を倉えねばならないのだ ろう、ずいうこずで倉革に向けた色々な詊行錯誀を繰り返したしたが、 結局は『珟地の人材のやる気を最倧限に匕き出すための 玍埗性の高い公正な評䟡ず凊遇』が必芁䞍可欠、すなわ ち『人の行動は自分がどのような基準で評䟡、凊遇されるかによっお 倧きく倉わる』ずいうこずを孊びたした。圓時の 曖昧な人事考課ず絊䞎䜓系を刷新し、スキルずパフォヌマンスを誰もが玍埗でき る圢で客芳的、公正に評䟡し、それを絊䞎に明確に連動させるこずで埓業員のモチベヌションが向䞊し、工堎党䜓が掻性化し お赀字が続いおいた䌚瀟が1 幎埌には急に黑字になるずいう自分でも驚くような結果になりたした。この経隓が゚ンゞニアずしお の単なる技術指導よりも、いかに埓業員の孊習意欲を高め、やる気を出させるシステムを蚭蚈するこずが重芁か、圓時MITの ピヌ タヌセンゲずいう教授が提唱しおいた『ラヌニングオヌガニれヌション(孊習組織)』の重芁性を匷烈に認識した私の原点ず なりたした。 この新絊䞎䜓系導入に圓たり、なぜ評䟡システムを倉えるのか、䜕を目指すのか、䌁業理念やビゞョンずの敎合性 ずずもに䌚 瀟ずしおの考え方、ポリシヌを党埓業員ずの盎接察話で 説明したしたが、この培底的な察話がその埌の成果に結び぀くキヌ だったず思いたす。英語は䞋手でも、䜕が蚀いたいのか、蚀いたいこずがパッションずずもに党身から䌝わる、流暢な英語よりも 人の心を動かす英語が必芁、オヌプンな心ず倉革ぞの情熱なくしお、どんなに英語が 䞊手でも党く意味がない、ずいうこずを孊 びたした。工堎の埓業員はアメリカ人ずいっおもアメリカで生たれおアメリカ で教育を受けた人だけではありたせん。メキシコから 来た人、䞭囜、むンド、ロシア、゚チオピア、ベトナム等、それこ そ䞖界䞭の人が䞀緒に働いおいたした。したがっお、基本的 に、日本のように『あうんの呌吞』は通じたせん。日本で は小孊校の頃から、先生に『盞手の立堎に立っお考えなさい、自分が 盞手の立堎であったらどう思うかを考えなさ い』ずよく蚀われたしたが、そもそも生たれ育った環境や考え方が違う堎合、自分が こう思うから盞手も同じように感 じるだろうずいう考えはむしろ危険でした。幎霢差別の問題やアファヌマティブアクション(少数 ⺠族や女性に察する 差別是正のための優遇措眮)ぞの察応は、特に日本人にずっおは泚意が必芁でした。 圓時は、米囜の補造珟堎で色々な詊行錯誀を繰り返しながらも、同時にアメリカ流のマネゞメントを孊びたくお、 1994 幎から 1996 幎の 2 幎間、仕事をしながら週末にノヌスり゚スタン倧孊のケロッグ経営倧孊院で MBA の勉 匷をしたした。 技術者の私 にずっお、特に戊略論、ファむナンスやマヌケティング等、非垞に新鮮で『目から鱗』ずいう 経隓でした。入孊面接は䞀流ホテル のような Executive MBA専甚の校舎でむンタビュヌを受けたした。䞁重に゚レ ベヌタヌに案内され、アシスタントディヌンず曞 かれたオフィスに通され、そこで゚リカさんずいう女性に迎えられたした。最初は秘曞の方かなず思いたしたが、この人がアシスタ ントディヌンでした。詊隓官が䜕人かいお、その前に私 が座らされお難しい質問をされるこずを勝手に想像しおいたしたが、豪 華な応接宀で『コヌヒヌにしたすか、玅茶にし たすか』、『私はこれから1 時間、あなたの話を聞きたす』ず蚀われお、その堎で コヌヒヌを飲みながらの1 察 1 の面接が始たりたした。予想しおいた面接ず党く違った、こんな面接詊隓は受けたこずありたせん でしたが、考えおみれば、いきなり䞀定の時間を䞎えられ、䜕をどのように話すかも含めお党く自由に話をさせるこずで、その人 物の色々な面が芋えるのだろうず思いたす。゚リカさんは基本的に䜕の質問もせず、ひたすら私の話すこずをメモしおいたした
  2. が、自分の蚀いたいこず、自分の思いや熱意を1 時間なら 1 時間、短い堎合は90 秒なら90 秒ずいうような限られた時間で、䌝 えるべき盞手に確実に䌝えるずいうこずは、特にグロヌバルに仕事をする䞊で極めお重芁なこずなのだず いうこずを、その埌の NTNでの仕事の䞭で䜕床も経隓するこずになりたした。自分の考え方や方針に぀いお、盞手の レベルに合わせお盞手が理解

    し、心底玍埗できるようなストヌリヌずしお䌝えるこずは、経営のプロずしおの必須スキルであるず思いたす。最埌に、゚リカさんは 『正匏には教授䌚で曞類審査ずずもに合吊が決たりたすが、あなたは倚 分合栌でしょう』ず蚀っおくれたした。この゚リカさん、私 より少し幎䞊の颯爜ずした⻑身の女性でした。そういうこず で、この MBAコヌス入孊の盎前に生たれた⻑女の名前を゚リカにし たした。 その⻑女も今では瀟䌚人なので随分昔の話ですが、今でもこの面接は匷烈に印象に残っおいたす。 このケロッグ経営倧孊院を卒業しお 1996 幎に日本に垰っおからは 2011 幎の 2 床目の 枡米たでの 15 幎間、本瀟の経営䌁画 郚で䞭期経営蚈画の策定ずずもに、特にグロヌバルアラむアンス、クロスボヌダヌM&A等に集䞭的に取り組み、盞手偎ずのあら ゆる知恵比べ、 駆け匕き、本音の探り合い等、物事を裏から、斜めから芋ながらの亀枉 を経隓しおきたしたが、やはり最埌は亀 枉盞手ずの盞互理解ず信頌関係を築けるかどうか、これ無くしおアラむアン スは成功しない、ずいうこずを痛感したした。䞭期経 営蚈画においおも倧事なのは競争戊略や理論䜓系だけでなく、 いかに各郚門、各地域に玍埗性を持っお動いおもらえるか、 結果を出すためには、いわゆるファシリテヌションが重芁であるずいうこずを孊びたした。これを怠るず、特に事業郚門からは『自 分ではやらない口先だけの郚門』ず思われがちな経営䌁画郚のような本瀟の䞭枢郚門がグロヌバルな求心力ず遠心力を有効 に働かせるこずは䞍可胜である ず考えたす。 2011 幎から 2018 幎たでの 7 幎間、2 床目の米囜赎任においおは、米州地区総支配人ずしお、特に経営ずいう正 解の誰にも わからない刀断を、南米も含めた米州地区党䜓においお、 異文化の䞭で日々行わねばならない状況の私にずっお、蚀葉には 衚しにくい組織の状況、雰囲気を色々な亀流の䞭から感じ取る胜力が非垞に重芁であるず感 じおいたした。珟地にお 日々盎 面する課題は党おコンピュヌタのように論理的に分析しお正解を導き出せるようなこ ずではなく、その堎その堎で総合的により 良い刀断を迅速にしおゆく必芁があり、そのためには本質を的確に感じずる胜力、センスを磚かねばならず、 face to faceのコ ミュニケヌションが必芁䞍可欠でした。MBAの授業では、戊略論、マヌケティング、ファむナンスずいうような科目は人気が高く、 名物教授も倚かったので気合を入れお孊びたした が、䞀方、 組織論、HR (人材マネゞメント)などは圓時はあたり人気がありた せんでした。しかし、組織論や HR、こ れらは歳を取るほどゞワゞワ重芁性を増しおくるような気がしたす。若い頃の米囜赎任に おいおは、ひず぀の補造䌚瀟の珟堎で働く埓業員のやる気をいかに匕き出すか、そのための倉革に色々挑戊したしたが、2 床 目の米囜赎任 においおは南米も含めた米州地区党䜓の組織匷化に向けお経営䞊局郚のロヌカラむれヌションが倧きな課題 であり、各囜のマヌケットを䞀番知る人材に事業拡倧を蚗しおゆかねばなりたせんでした。日本から出向者は䜕のため に海倖 に来おいるのか、なぜロヌカルで察応できないのか、ずいうこずを明確にする必芁がありたした。日本人どうし のやり取りは非垞 に楜で居心地が良く、珟地化は蚀葉の問題も含めお非垞に疲れたすが、党拠点における埓業員 ずのタりンホヌルミヌティン グ、ミドルマネゞメントに察するリヌダヌシップ研修、ケロッグ経営倧孊院ずの連携による 経営者教育等を繰り返し掚進し、これ をやらねば将来は無いずの認識でした。グロヌバル化ずは、『珟地の優秀な人材をモチベヌトしお存分に実力を発揮しおもらう こず』ずいう私の信念は最初の米囜赎任時から䞀貫しお、益々匷固 なものになっおいたした。人ず人ずの郚門を超えた密接な情 報亀換をベヌスにクロスファンクションで効果的に機胜できる、ブラむンドスポットの発生しない緻密な組織、トップダりンだけで なく、日本流のミドルアップダりンマネゞメン トによるグロヌバルな孊習組織を実珟したいず考えおおりたした。 米囜から垰囜盎埌には、圓時の戊略本瀟ずしおの経営戊略の欠陀、及び経営管理(FP&A)機胜の杜撰さによる危機的な連結 財務状況を目の圓たりにしお、特に日本における莫倧な枛損凊理ずずもに、CFOずしおグルヌプ党䜓の䌁業䟡倀再生蚈画の策 定、掚進ずそれを支える資金調達が急務でした。私が培底しお掚進した NTN の抜本的な 倉革は、(1)党おの顧客を満足させ ようずする考え方からの脱华による Pricing Power の向䞊(商品/事業ポヌトフォ リオ改革)、(2)棚卞資産の過倧さからの脱华によ るCash Conversion Cycleの短瞮(生産・物流改革)、(3)瀟内での 技術蓄積に偏りすぎる自前䞻矩からの脱华による Strategic Partnership の匷化(調達改革)、の3 点に集䞭したした。 この再生蚈画の本質を各地域がしっかりず玍埗した䞊で、各地域ごず にそれぞれの経営環境の倉化に迅速に察応しながら自埋的に事業蚈画が遂行、フォロヌ、修正されねば成果は芋蟌めず、本 瀟ず各地域のコミュニケヌショ ンず連携が必芁䞍可欠でありたした。そのための共通蚀語ずしお、資本コストの抂念導入による投 資の刀定基準や 事業䟡倀の評䟡基準の明確化ず培底をはじめずした䌁業財務(Corporate Finance)の芖点を導入、展開するず ずもに、バラバラに機胜しおいた本瀟の財務本郚、経営䌁画郚、及び各事業本郚の事業䌁画郚ずいう統括郚門間のコ ミュニ ケヌションず連携匷化、䞀䜓化によるグルヌプ党䜓の CFO 組織ずしおのFP&A 機胜向䞊を目指したした。毎幎、各幎床におけ るグルヌプ党䜓の経営方針培底のため、瀟内倖に CFO メッセヌゞを発信しながら各地域の経営 幹郚や株匏垂堎、金融垂堎 ずのコミュニケヌションにより䌁業䟡倀再生に向けた瀟内の倉革掚進ず瀟倖の信頌獲埗を自らの最重芁課題ず䜍眮付けるこず で、コロナ犍、半導䜓䞍足、りクラむナ情勢、原材料費の高隰ずいう逆颚の䞭においお、着実な財務䜓質の匷化ず株䟡の回埩 を目指したした。経営の厳しい状況ずその打開策ずしおの倉革の 重芁性をしっかりずグルヌプ党䜓、特にミドルマネゞメント局に 玍埗しおもらい、倉革に向けお力を発揮しおもらうこず の重芁性ず難しさを再認識した CFO ずしおの 3 幎間でした。
  3. 添付の写真は、生前に父が話しおいた銙川県の『十河城跡』を、この倏に初めお蚪れ、戊囜時代の歊将である十河 䞀存(かず たさ)ず十河存保(たさやす)の墓を参拝したずきのものです。今日の日本のリヌダヌにずっお、『歊士道』の 粟神は非垞に重芁な 意味があるず思いたす。䌁業経営者は垞に内省し、自らに恥じるこずがないこずを確認し、自分 の行動や蚀葉が顧客の䞍満を 匕き起こしおいないか、埓業員に圓惑を䞎えおいないかを垞に芋盎す必芁があり、こ の内省こそが日本䌁業の⻑期的な成⻑・ 発展ぞの道を切り開くものであるず私は確信しおいたす。『⻀十河』ず恐れられた十河䞀存が、自らの地䜍向䞊や領土拡倧より も、皆が平和に笑い合える囜づくりを優先し、今も地元のこの地域で尊敬され愛されおいるずいう話を同族䌚の䌚⻑からお聞き

    しお、䌁業経営においおも、衚面的な䞖の䞭の流行を远うこずなく、たた芋せかけの優しさだけの物蚀わね䞊叞になるこずなく、 真の『ESG経営』や 『人的資本経営』 を探求するこずの重芁性を再認識させられたした。偉倧な先祖の逞話を色々ず聞かせお 頂き、自らの䞍甲斐無さを恥じるずずもに叱咀激励される思いでした。
  4. ***** English Translation ***** e-OHNO Mail News issued in August

    2023 Essay for the senior section <What I have learned in the trend of globalization> I am Tetsuya Sogo, a 1982 undergraduate (Ozeki lab), and have been entrusted by Professor Ono to write an essay for the senior section of Waseda Mail Magazine. After graduating from Waseda university, I joined NTN Corporation, headquartered in Osaka, a manufacturer involved in producing and selling bearings and components for automobiles and industrial machinery, where I started to work as an engineer in the manufacturing department. From 2011, I held positions as an executive officer, primarily overseeing NTN Americas region. After working as CFO for three years since 2020, focusing on NTN's business revitalization, I have just retired in 2023 in accordance with the executive retirement age guideline of 63 years old. In this opportunity, I would like to describe what I, as an alumnus who worked for the same Japanese manufacturer for 41 years, have learned and how I have thought about corporate management in the trend of globalization. At the age of 29, I participated as a member of the launch team for a new factory producing HUB bearings for automobiles in the outskirts of Chicago, USA, serving as a chief engineer. From 1989 to 1996, for a period of 7 and a half years, I experienced my first overseas assignment. While introducing state-of-the-art production facilities and technology from Japan at that time, we struggled with significantly lower productivity compared to the Japanese mother factory. We faced challenges such as low employee skills, high absenteeism, and high turnover rates. In an effort to bring about transformation, I repeatedly experimented with various approaches, reflecting on what constituted the core management issue and what needed to change. Ultimately, I learned that a “highly just evaluation and treatment that resonates with local talent to maximize their motivation” is essential. In other words, “people's behavior changes significantly based on how they are evaluated and treated.” I revamped the vague personnel evaluation, pay and treatment system of that time, objectively and fairly evaluating skills and performance in a way that everyone could agree upon, and clearly linking it to compensation. This led to improved employee motivation, and within a year, the entire factory, which had been in the red, astonishingly turned profitable. This experience made me realize the importance of designing systems that enhance employees' willingness to learn and motivation to improve, more than just providing technical guidance as an engineer. It became the cornerstone of my recognition of the significance of “Learning Organizations”, a concept advocated by Professor Peter Senge of MIT at that time. In the process of introducing this new employment system, I explained the company's perspective and policies, aligned with our corporate values and vision, through direct dialogue with all employees. I believe that such dialogue was the key to the success that followed. I learned that even if my English was not good, I was able to convey what I wanted to say with passion from my whole body, that I needed English that would move people’s hearts rather than simply fluent English, and that fluent English was meaningless without an open mind and passion for change. Factory workers are especially diverse. Even though they are Americans, not all of them are born and educated in the United States. People from all over the world—Mexico, China, India, Russia, Ethiopia, Vietnam, and
  5. so forth—were working together. Therefore, basically, “a-un no kokyu” (communicating

    and agreeing with each other without exchanging words) does not work as it does in Japan. In Japan, from the time children are in elementary school, their teachers keep telling them to “think from the other person's point of view, and imagine how you would feel if you were in the other person's position”, but this method would not be effective if we were born and raised in a different environment or with a different way of thinking. It is rather dangerous to think that because you feel this way, the other person will feel the same way. Especially for Japanese managers, it was necessary to pay attention to the issue of age discrimination and affirmative action. At that time, I wanted to learn American management practices while undergoing various trials and errors in the manufacturing field in the United States. From 1994 to 1996, I worked while studying for an MBA at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University on weekends. As an engineer, subjects like strategic theory, finance, and marketing provided a fresh and eye-opening experience for me. The admission interview took place in a dedicated Executive MBA building resembling a top-class hotel. I was courteously guided to an office labeled “Assistant Dean”, where I was welcomed by a lady named Ms. Erica Kantor. Initially, I thought she might be a secretary, but she turned out to be the Assistant Dean. Instead of facing a panel of interviewers and expecting challenging questions, I was offered coffee or tea in a luxurious reception room and told, “I will listen to your story for the next hour.” This unexpected one-on-one interview began as I sipped coffee. This interview was completely different from what I had anticipated, and though I had never experienced such an interview before, in hindsight, I believe that providing you with a certain amount of time to freely express yourself, including how you convey your thoughts, allows various aspects of your personality to emerge. Erica mainly took notes of what I said without asking many questions. However, the idea of conveying one's own thoughts and passion within a limited time frame, such as an hour or even just 90 seconds, to ensure effective communication with the recipient, turned out to be an essential skill for working globally, as I repeatedly experienced during my work at NTN afterwards. Tailoring my way of thinking and approach to the level of my counterpart, making them understand and genuinely agree, and presenting it as a compelling story, are crucial skills for a management professional. Finally, Erica told me, “Officially, the final decision is made by the faculty after document review, but you will most likely pass.” Erica, a slightly older than I and elegant tall woman, gave me these words of encouragement. I named my first daughter, who was born just before I entered the Executive MBA program, “Erica” after her. My first daughter is now a working adult, so my interview with Erica was a long time ago, but it still left a strong impression on me. After graduating from the Kellogg School of Management, I returned to Japan in 1996. For the 15 years leading up to my second trip to the United States in 2011, I worked in the headquarters' management strategy department, focusing on developing medium-term management plans. During this time, I concentrated particularly on global alliances, cross-border M&A, and engaged in negotiations that involved various forms of intellectual sparring, tactics, and probing for genuine intentions, experiencing negotiations from behind the scenes and oblique perspectives. However, I came to realize that ultimately, the success of alliances hinges on the mutual understanding and trust established with negotiation partners. In the context of medium-term management planning, I learned that it's crucial not only to have competitive strategies and theoretical frameworks, but also to ensure that every department and region is motivated with a sense of conviction. To achieve results, I understood the importance of facilitation. Neglecting this aspect could lead to the headquarters, often perceived by business divisions as merely a department of empty words, being unable to effectively harness both global centripetal and centrifugal forces. In my second assignment to the United States for seven years from 2011 to 2018 as CEO of NTN Americas Region, I had to make decisions on a daily basis in a cross-cultural environment, especially in the entire Americas region that included South America, where no one knew the correct answer to management questions. I felt that it was very important to have the ability to sense the situation and atmosphere of an organization, which was difficult to express in words, through various interactions. All of the issues that I faced on a daily basis in the field were not something that could be analyzed logically like a computer that finds the correct answer. Rather, I needed to quickly make a better overall decision on the spot, and to do so, I had to polish my ability and sense to accurately perceive
  6. fundamental issues, and face-to-face communication was essential in doing so.

    In the MBA program, subjects such as strategy, marketing, and finance, were very popular, and there were many famous professors, so I put a lot of energy into studying them. On the other hand, subjects such as organizational theory and HR, were not so popular at that time. However, I feel that organizational theory and HR are becoming more and more important as I get older. During my assignment to the United States back when I was young, I challenged myself to make various changes to motivate the employees at a manufacturing company. In my second assignment to the United States, on the other hand, localization of upper management was a major issue to strengthen the organization in the Americas, including South America. So I had to entrust business expansion to the people who knew the markets of each country the best. For the Japanese people on overseas assignment, it is necessary to clarify why things cannot be conducted locally. It is easy and comfortable for Japanese people to communicate with each other, while localization is very tiring due to the language problem among other difficulties, but I repeatedly promoted town hall meetings with employees at all locations, leadership training for middle management, and executive development programs through collaboration with Kellogg School of Management, recognizing that without doing these, there would be no future. My belief that globalization is based on “motivating local talented people to fully demonstrate their abilities” has not changed at all since my first assignment to the United States. I want to realize a global learning organization that can operate effectively cross-functionally based on the close exchange of information between people across departments, a close-knit organization that does not generate any blind spots, by focusing on a middle-up-down management style that is indispensable to resolve the contradictions between ideal and reality in each working area. Upon returning from the United States, I witnessed a critical consolidated financial situation caused by the lack of strategic management direction from the headquarters at the time, as well as the poor leadership and management of Financial Planning and Analysis (FP&A) functions. Particularly in Japan, along with significant impairment charges, urgent actions were needed as CFO to formulate and drive a group-wide corporate value revitalization scenario, supported by necessary funding. I focused on three main aspects in the comprehensive transformation of NTN: (1) Enhancing “Pricing Power” by moving away from the approach of satisfying all customers (product/business portfolio reform), (2) Shortening the “Cash Conversion Cycle” by departing from excessive inventory (production/logistics reform), and (3) Strengthening “Strategic Partnerships” by moving away from an in-house focused technical accumulation (procurement reform). The essence of this “Revitalization Scenario” required each region's thorough understanding and autonomous execution, adapting rapidly to changes in their respective business environments, necessitating essential communication and coordination between the headquarters and regions. As a common language, the introduction and deployment of Corporate Finance perspectives, including criteria for investment assessment and business valuation through the concept of capital cost, were initiated. On the other hand, we improved collaboration and integration among the disjointed key central divisions, finance headquarters, management strategy department, and each business planning department. The aim of such activities was to enhance the FP&A function of the entire CFO organization globally. In order to enforce group-wide CFO policies, I positioned the communication, while sending my regular CFO messages, with internal and external stakeholders, such as regional executives, stock and financial markets, as crucial for the company's value revitalization. Under tough business situations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, semiconductor shortages, Ukrainian tensions, and rising raw material costs, I directed efforts towards accelerating the financial and stock price recovery. Over the course of three years as CFO, I came to recognize the importance and challenges of gaining the full understanding and commitment of the entire group, particularly the middle management level, regarding the significance of the tough business conditions, the need for transformation as a solution, and their contribution of effort towards driving the changes.
  7. The attached photo is from my first visit this summer

    to the “Sogo castle ruins” in Kagawa prefecture, which my father used to talk about before his passing. During this visit, I paid respects at the graves of the samurai lords “Kazumasa Sogo” and “Masayasu Sogo” from the Sengoku period. I believe that the spirit of “Bushido” holds significant importance for today's leaders in Japan. Business executives must constantly introspect, ensuring they have nothing to be ashamed of, reviewing whether their actions and words might evoke customer discontent or cause embarrassment to their employees. This introspection forms the foundation of “Business Ethics” and “Corporate Social Responsibility”, and I firmly believe that it paves the way for the long-term growth and development of Japanese companies. Kazumasa Sogo, who was feared as “Demon Sogo”, prioritized the creation of a country where everyone could laugh together in peace over advancing his own position or expanding his territory. I heard from the chairman of Sogo family association that Kazumasa Sogo is still respected and loved in this local area, and this story reminded me of the importance of pursuing true “ESG management” and “human capital management” in corporate management, without merely following superficial trends of the world, or becoming a good boss who only shows pretended kindness. Listening to various anecdotes of great ancestors, I felt both ashamed of my own shortcomings and motivated by their admonishments.