advantages, adoption is hindered by high upfront capital requirements for customized cold plates, fluid circulation networks, monitoring sensors, and integration with existing infrastructure. Coolant Management Risks Water-based coolants may introduce risks of corrosion or microbial growth if not properly treated, while dielectric fluids involve higher handling costs and specific safety requirements. Compatibility Issues Integration challenges with certain chip architectures or server designs make custom engineering necessary, creating complexity across multi-vendor hardware ecosystems.