DrupalCon 2015: The Symfony Framework: Your Free New Toolkit

Learning a new framework or CMS is hard. So, we usually stick to one: I use only Symfony, you use only Drupal. And that's too bad, because we all want to use the best tool for the job. But because Drupal 8 and Symfony have so much in common, that's about to change.

In this talk, we'll get started in the Symfony Framework by building a little app that takes us through routing, controllers, responses, events and the service container. For D8 users, you'll start to understand just how easy it'll be to use Symfony (or Silex) for certain projects. And if you haven't used it yet, you'll get a tour into the most fundamental pieces of Drupal 8 (since they're shared with Symfony!). Your toolkit is about to expand, and that's a reason to celebrate.

Transcript

1. The Symfony Framework
   YOUR FREE NEW TOOLKIT
   

   View Slide

2. > Husband of the much more
   talented @leannapelham
   knplabs.com
   twitter.com/weaverryan
   Hallo!
   > Lead contributor to the Symfony documentation

   > KnpLabs US - Symfony consulting, training & kumbaya
   > Writer for KnpUniversity.com
   awesome amazing PHP Tutorials!!!
   

   View Slide

3. Act 1
   Dancing on your own?
   @weaverryan
   

   View Slide

4. Drupal 7
   /** Implements hook_menu() */

   function dinosaur_menu() {

   $items['hello'] = array(

   'title' => 'ROOOOOOAR!',

   'page callback' => 'favorite_dinosaur',

   );

   

   return $items;

   }

   

   function favorite_dinosaur() {

   return 'Triceratops';

   }
   

   View Slide

5. Symfony, Silex, etc
   routes & controllers
   requests & responses
   service container
   @weaverryan
   

   View Slide

6. And now
   Symfony, Silex, D8
   @weaverryan
   

   View Slide

7. @weaverryan
   require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

   

   $app = new Silex\Application();

   

   $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

   return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

   });

   

   $app->run();

   

   View Slide

8. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

   

   $app = new Silex\Application();

   

   $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

   return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

   });

   

   $app->run();
 An entire application
   that says hallo!
   @weaverryan
   

   View Slide

9. Configure your
   web server
   

   View Slide

10. Or use the built-in PHP
    web server \o/
    php -S localhost:8000
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

11. * The built-in PHP web server can
    be used with Drupal too!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

12. Request -> Response Framework
    Response:
    Hello Drupal!
    Routing:
    Determine a function that can
    create this page (the controller)
    Request:
    GET /hello/Drupal!
    The Controller:
    Our code: constructs the page
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

13. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

    

    $app = new Silex\Application();

    

    $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

    return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

    });

    

    $app->run();

    The route is matched
    when the URI is
    /hello/*
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

14. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

    

    $app = new Silex\Application();

    

    $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

    return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

    });

    

    $app->run();

    If the URI matches the route,
    Silex executes this
    function (the controller)
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

15. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

    

    $app = new Silex\Application();

    

    $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

    return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

    });

    

    $app->run();

    The value of {name} is
    passed as an argument
    to the controller
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

16. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

    

    $app = new Silex\Application();

    

    $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

    return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

    });

    

    $app->run();

    We construct the page
    and celebrate!
    @weaverryan (or non-alcoholic beverage of your choice)
    

    View Slide

17. Request -> Response Framework
    Response:
    Hello Drupal!
    Routing:
    Determine a function that can
    create this page (the controller)
    Request:
    GET /hello/Drupal!
    The Controller:
    Our code: constructs the page
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

18. Act 2
    Hello Symfony
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

19. @weaverryan
    downloads the installer
    

    View Slide

20. @weaverryan
    my_dir_name
    

    View Slide

21. Symfony Project Structure
    configuration, templates
    PHP Classes 3rd Party Code
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

22. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

23. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

24. Hi, I’m the Symfony PacMan ghost!
    Look, things are working, you just
    don’t have any pages yet. Get to it!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

25. Install !
    Build a page! "
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

26. hello_world:

    path: /hello/{name}

    defaults:

    _controller: AppBundle\…sayHelloAction

    AppBundle\Controller\PoliteController::sayHelloAction
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

27. namespace AppBundle\Controller;

    

    use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

    

    class PoliteController

    {

    public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    return new Response('Hello '.$name);

    }

    }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

28. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

29. Request -> Response Framework
    The Controller:
    Our code: constructs the page
    Response:
    Hello Drupal!
    Routing:
    Determine a function that can
    create this page (the controller)
    Request:
    GET /hello/Drupal!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

30. Debugging?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

31. View Slide

32. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

33. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

34. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

35. View Slide

36. View Slide

37. Can we do even less
    work?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

38. // ...

    

    class PoliteController

    {

    /**

    * @Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_world")

    */

    public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    return new Response('Hello '.$name);

    }

    }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

39. Act 3
    Services and the
    “container”
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

40. Services == Useful Objects
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

41. The container == the object
    that contains all the services
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

42. In Silex, Symfony & Drupal 8
    there is a “container”.
    If you have it, you can use any
    service (useful object)
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

43. In Symfony and Drupal 8
    The container is pre-loaded
    with many useful services
    (objects)
    

    View Slide

44. That’s 224 built-in services
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

45. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

46. How do I get access to the
    container inside a controller?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

47. /**

    * @Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_world")

    */

    public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render(

    'polite/sayHello.html.twig',

    ['myName' => $name]

    );

    

    return new Response($html);

    }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

48. {% extends 'base.html.twig' %}

    

    {% block body %}

    Hello {{ myName }}!

    {% endblock %}

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

49. Request -> Response Framework
    The Controller:
    Our code: constructs the page
    Response:
    Hello Drupal!
    Container
    (with services)
    Routing:
    Determine a function that can
    create this page (the controller)
    Request:
    GET /hello/Drupal!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

50. What else does
    Symfony do?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

51. Doctrine ORM
    $em = $this->container
    ->get('doctrine.orm.entity_manager');
    

    $post = $em->getRepository('AppBundle:Post')

    ->findOneBySlug($slug);

    

    // ...

    

    $em->persist($post);

    $em->flush();

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

52. or just use the DBAL or PDO
    $conn = $this->container
    ->get('database_connection');
    

    $sql = 'SELECT id, name FROM post';

    $posts = $conn->fetchAll($sql);
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

53. Forms
    $form = $this->container->get('form.factory')
    ->createBuilder()

    ->add('email', 'email')

    ->add('username', 'text')

    ->add('gender', 'choice', [

    'choices' => ['f' => 'Female', 'm' => 'Male']

    ])

    ->getForm();

    

    $form->handleRequest($request);

    if ($form->isValid()) {

    $data = $form->getData();

    // do some stuff

    }

    

    $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render(

    'user/register.html.twig',

    ['form' => $form->createView()]

    );

    

    return new Response($html);
    

    View Slide

54. Forms
    {{ form_start(form) }}

    {{ form_row(form.email) }}

    {{ form_row(form.username) }}

    {{ form_row(form.gender) }}

    

    Do it!

    {{ form_end(form) }}
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

55. or just do it yourself
    $email = $request->request->get('email');

    $username = $request->request->get('username');

    $gender = $request->request->get('gender');
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

56. … and infinitely more with
    community bundles
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

57. Act 4
    Creating your own
    Services
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

58. Now we want to
    select a random
    greeting each time
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

59. Put this logic in our
    controller?
    How about a flat
    function
    somewhere?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

60. namespace AppBundle\Greet;

    

    class RandomGreeter

    {

    private static $greetings = [

    'Hello %s',

    'Hola %s!',

    'git blame. Ah, I knew it was %s!'

    ];

    

    public function randomlyGreet($name)

    {

    $key = array_rand(self::$greetings);

    $greeting = self::$greetings[$key];

    

    return sprintf($greeting, $name);

    }

    }
    

    View Slide

61. public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    $greeter = new RandomGreeter();

    $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);

    

    $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render(

    'polite/sayHello.html.twig',

    ['theGreeting' => $greeting]

    );

    

    return new Response($html);

    }
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

62. Could we log which
    greeting was chosen?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

63. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

64. public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    $greeter = new RandomGreeter();

    $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);

    

    $this->container->get('logger')

    ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting);

    

    // ...

    }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

65. Could we log from
    inside RandomGreeter?
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

66. class RandomGreeter

    {

    public function randomlyGreet($name)

    {

    $key = array_rand(self::$greetings);

    $greeting = self::$greetings[$key];

    

    $this->container->get('logger')

    ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting);

    

    return sprintf($greeting, $name);

    }

    } There’s no container property! That’s
    magic only the controller has
    

    View Slide

67. omg
    DEPENDENCY INJECTION
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

68. class RandomGreeter

    {

    private $logger;

    

    public function __construct($logger)

    {

    $this->logger = $logger;

    }

    

    // ...

    }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

69. class RandomGreeter

    {

    private $logger;

    

    public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger)

    {

    $this->logger = $logger;

    }

    

    // ...

    }

    @weaverryan
    If you’re feeling fancy
    and/or awesome
    

    View Slide

70. class RandomGreeter

    {

    private $logger;

    

    // ...

    

    public function randomlyGreet($name)

    {

    $key = array_rand(self::$greetings);

    $greeting = self::$greetings[$key];

    

    $this->logger
    ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting);

    

    return sprintf($greeting, $name);

    }

    }

    

    View Slide

71. public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    $greeter = new RandomGreeter(
    $this->container->get('logger')
    );

    $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);

    

    // ...

    }
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

72. Act 5
    Teach Symfony how to
    instantiate your services
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

73. services:

    my_random_greeter:

    class: AppBundle\Greet\RandomGreeter

    arguments:

    - "@logger"

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

74. services:

    my_random_greeter:

    class: AppBundle\Greet\RandomGreeter

    arguments:

    - "@logger"

    

    View Slide

75. public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    /* $greeter = new RandomGreeter(

    $this->container->get('logger')

    ); */

    

    $greeter = $this->container
    ->get('my_random_greeter');

    $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);

    

    // ...

    }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

76. Act 6
    Events
    (extra credit)
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

77. Just like Drupal
    “hooks”, Silex has
    events
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

78. “Hi! When event XXXXX
    happens, execute this
    function. kthxbai”
    YOU CAN TELL SILEX
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

79. EVENTS
    kernel.view
    kernel.response
    Request -> Response Framework
    The Controller:
    Our code: constructs the page
    Container
    (with services)
    EVENT
    kernel.controller
    Response:
    Hello Drupal!
    Routing:
    Determine a function that can
    create this page (the controller)
    Request:
    GET /hello/Drupal!
    EVENT
    kernel.request
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

80. What if we didn’t
    return a Response
    from the controller?
    

    View Slide

81. public function sayHelloAction($name)

    {

    $greeter = $this->container
    ->get('my_random_greeter');

    $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);

    

    return [

    'template' => 'polite/sayHello.html.twig',

    'variables' => ['theGreeting' => $greeting]

    ];

    }
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

82. @weaverryan
    I’m so angry right now!!!!!
    

    View Slide

83. class RenderArrayViewSubscriber implements EventSubscriberInterface

    {

    private $templating;

    

    public function __construct(EngineInterface $templating)

    {

    $this->templating = $templating;

    }

    

    public function onView()

    {

    // call me if the controller does not

    // return a Response

    }

    

    public static function getSubscribedEvents()

    {

    return ['kernel.view' => 'onView'];

    }

    }

    

    View Slide

84. services:

    # ...

    

    listener.render_array_view_listener:

    class: AppBundle\EventListener\RenderArrayViewSubscriber

    arguments:

    - "@templating"

    tags:

    - { name: kernel.event_subscriber }

    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

85. public function onView(GetResponseForControllerResultEvent $event)

    {

    $controllerResult = $event->getControllerResult();

    

    if (!is_array($controllerResult)) {

    return;

    }

    if (!isset($controllerResult['template'])) {

    return;

    }

    

    $template = $controllerResult['template'];

    $variables = $controllerResult['variables'];

    $html = $this->templating->render($template, $variables);

    

    $response = new Response($html);

    $event->setResponse($response);

    }
    

    View Slide

86. Act 7
    Build something amazing
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

87. It’d be nice to learn by
    looking at a real, fully-
    feature application
    @weaverryan
    “
    

    View Slide

88. @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

89. View Slide

90. @weaverryan
    Use
    + the Symfony plugin
    http://bit.ly/phpstorm-symfony
    

    View Slide

91. http://symfony.com/doc
    

    View Slide

92. @weaverryan
    KnpUniversity.com Screencasts
    

    View Slide

93. @weaverryan
    require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

    

    $app = new Silex\Application();

    

    $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {

    return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);

    });

    

    $app->run();

    Use Silex!
    

    View Slide

94. Use D8
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

95. Act 8
    , &
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

96. PRINCIPAL THEMES
    • Request/Response
    • Routing/Controller
    • PHP Namespaces/Autoloading
    • Services/Container
    

    • Events/Listeners
    

    • Profiler
    All are the same in Silex, Drupal & Symfony
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

97. You can use Silex
    to learn Drupal!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

98. You can use Silex
    to learn Symfony!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

99. You can use Symfony
    to learn Drupal!
    @weaverryan
    

    View Slide

100. https://www.flickr.com/photos/zzpza/32697842
     Finally, We have more
     tools to solve problems
     

     View Slide

101. Ryan Weaver
     @weaverryan
     THANK YOU!
     

     View Slide