大規模Railsアプリの マイクロサービス化・序章

■イベント
沖縄Ruby会議02
https://okinawarb.doorkeeper.jp/events/70507

■登壇概要
タイトル：大規模Railsアプリの マイクロサービス化・序章

登壇者：Eight事業部 エンジニアリングマネージャー 藤井洋太郎

Transcript

1. 
   ౻Ҫ
   ༸ଠ࿠ େن໛RailsΞϓϦͷ ɹϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽɾংষ
2. ZPUBSP ౻Ҫ༸ଠ࿠
3. දࢀಓ
4. 4BOTBOͷ̎ͭͷαʔϏε ๏ਓ޲໊͚ࢗ؅ཧαʔϏε ݸਓ޲໊͚ࢗΞϓϦ
7. ᶃ ໊ࢗΛεΩϟϯ ᶅ OCRॲཧˍΦϖϨʔλʔೖྗ OCRͱΦϖϨʔλʔʹΑΔଟॏೖྗ ᶆ σʔλϕʔεԽ • ςΩετσʔλ • ը૾σʔλ ᶇ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͰ׆༻ ໊ࢗͷݕࡧɾӾཡɾฤू ᶄσʔλૹ৴ Πϯλʔωοτ ͓٬༷ Database ໊ࢗΛ “ࢿ࢈”ͱͯ͠؅ཧ ໊ࢗΛ ࢿ࢈ͱͯ͠؅ཧ ೖྗαʔϏε Ϋϥ΢υαʔ Ϗε 4BOTBOͷ࢓૊Έ
8. ۀछɺن໛Λ໰Θͣɺ ࣾΛ௒͑Δಋೖ
9. ݸ ਓ ޲ ͚ ໊ ࢗ Ξ ϓ Ϧ
10. 150ສਓ͕ར༻͢Δɺ໊ࢗΛ࣠ʹͨ͠ϏδωεSNS ໊ࢗ؅ཧ ਓࣄ৘ใΛ௨஌ ؔ࿈͢Δاۀͷχϡʔε άϧʔϓϝοηʔδ
12. ৽ଔ4೥໨ 28ࡀ ج൫νʔϜ Ϧʔμʔ ύϑΥվળ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ ಋೖ ࡢ೔29ʹͳΓ·ͨ͠!
13. 4BOTBOגࣜձࣾ
    ԭೄ୲౰
    ޷͖͗ͯ͢೥̏ճདྷԭͯ͠·͢
    ͍ͭ΋͓ੈ࿩ʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ʂ
14. ਫ༵͔ΒΧψνϟͰ༏խʹ
    ஀ੜ೔ٳՋΛͱ͍ͬͯ·ͨ͠
15. ͓ͱͱ͍ʂ͆ ҆઒͞Μ͔Βɺɺ
16. ͱ͍͏͜ͱͰɺ ࠃಓ58߸ઢΛԼͬͯ͘Δͱ͖ʹ ߜΓग़ͨ͠ωλͰ15෼ͭͳ͗·͢
17. ࿩͢͜ͱ
18. <
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    > Rails ͱ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε
19. ฐࣾ&JHIUαʔϏεͱ։ൃମ੍
20. ͢΂ͯͷػೳ͕ͭͷ3BJMTΞϓϦͱͯ͠ಈ͍͍ͯΔ
    ϦϙδτϦ΋Ұͭ ͍ΘΏΔϞϊϦγοΫ ຕؠ ͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ
    Ϟσϧ਺΋Λ௒͑Δ ໊ࢗ؅ཧ Feedχϡʔε ϝοηʔδ ϓϨϛΞϜ Ϧίϝϯυ
21. ։ൃνʔϜମ੍ ໊ࢗ؅ཧ ϑΟʔυ ϝοηʔδ ϓϨϛΞϜ άϩʔόϧ Ϧίϝϯυ ػೳ͝ͱʹνʔϜ͕੾ΒΕ͍ͯͯɺνʔϜ͝ͱͷ։ൃϓϩηε
    νʔϜʙ໊ͰεΫϥϜϓϩηεΛ࠾༻
22. ͜Ε·Ͱͷ&JHIUͷମ੍ͷ໰୊఺ ɾνʔϜ͝ͱͰͷ։ൃͳͷʹɺϦϦʔελΠϛϯά͸શମͰ߹ΘͤΔ
    ɾಉ࣌ϦϦʔεͷͨΊɺτϥϒͬͨࡍͷ໰୊੾Γ෼͚͕Ή͍ͣ
    ɾܰඍͳमਖ਼Ͱ΋ࣗಈςετʹ͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
    ɾεέʔϧ͕͠ʹ͍͘ ͋Δ͍͸ແବ͕ଟ͍
    ɾৗʹશମΛ೺Ѳ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Γɺ৽ਓٽ͔ͤ
    ɾɾɾ
    ͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Γ͗͢Δ😇
23. ͦ͜Ͱ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ ΁ͷTry
24. ͋Δཻ౓ͰαʔϏεΛ੾Γ཭ͯ͠ɺ ֤αʔϏεؒ͸ API΍ϝοηʔδΩϡʔͰͭͳ͙
25. ੾Γ෼͚ํ਑ ཧ૝ ػೳ νʔϜ ͝ͱʹ͋Δఔ౓υϝΠϯ͕ผΕ͍ͯΔͷͰɺ
    ͦͷཻ౓Ͱ੾Γ෼͚Δɻڞ௨ͱͳΔ෦෼͸ج൫αʔϏεͱͯ͠෼ׂ ໊ࢗ؅ཧ ϑΟʔυ ϝοηʔδ ϓϨϛΞϜ άϩʔόϧ Ϧίϝϯυ ڞ௨ج൫αʔϏε(Ϣʔβ৘ใ౳)
26. ࣮ࡍͷ੾Γ཭͠ঢ়گ
    ໿ϲ݄ؒͷ։ൃ ϦίϝϯυαʔϏεͱڞ௨ج൫αʔϏεͷ෼཭ ໊ࢗ؅ཧ ϑΟʔυ ϝοηʔδ ϓϨϛΞϜ άϩʔόϧ Ϧίϝϯυ ڞ௨ج൫αʔϏε(Ϣʔβ৘ใ౳)
27. શମͷߏ੒ਤ(ࡶ)
28. ໊ࢗ؅ཧ Feedχϡʔε ϝοηʔδ ϓϨϛΞϜ Ϧίϝϯυ ڞ௨ج൫
29. গ͚ٕͩ͠ज़తͳ͸ͳ͠
30. rails newతͳ෦෼ͷ͸ͳ͠
31. ໊ࢗ؅ཧ Feedχϡʔε ϝοηʔδ ϓϨϛΞϜ Ϧίϝϯυ ڞ௨ج൫
32. ϦίϝϯυαʔϏεͷ࡞੒ APIαʔόʔͱͯ͠ͷ໾ׂ͚ͩͩͬͨͷͰɺapiϞʔυͰ࡞੒ rails new recommendation_service --api con fi g/application.rb 
 require "rails" # Pick the frameworks you want: require "active_model/railtie" require "active_job/railtie" # require "active_record/railtie" require "action_controller/railtie" require “action_mailer/railtie"
 … ඞཁͳmodule͚ͩಡΈࠐΊΔΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ AR࢖ͬͯ·ͤΜ
33. ڞ௨ج൫APIͷ࡞੒ ͪ͜Β΋APIαʔόʔͱͯ͠ͷ໾ׂ͚ͩͷͨΊɺapiϞʔυͰ࡞੒ rails plugin new common_api --skip-bundle --mountable --api ͕ͩݱঢ়Ͱ͸ڞ௨෦෼Λେݩ͔Β੾Γ཭͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͔ͬͨͨΊɺ Mountable Engineͱͯ͠࡞੒ con fi g/application.rb 
 groups = Rails.groups groups << :common_api if ENV[‘COMMON_API'] Bundler.require(*groups) Gem fi le 
 group :internal_api do gem 'internal_api', path: 'internal_api' end ؀ڥม਺Λ౉ͯ͠ىಈ͢Δͱɺ৽αʔϏεͱ্ཱ͕ͯͪ͠Δ
34. API݁߹෦෼ͷ͸ͳ͠
35. ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ = APIઃܭ໋͕ APIఆٛɾυΩϡϝϯςʔγϣϯʹOpen API(Swagger)Λ࠾༻
36. Committee gemΛ࢖ͬͨAPIͷςετ https://github.com/interagent/committee OpenAPIͰͷఆٛͱ࣮ࡍͷAPIϨεϙϯεͷࠩҟݕ஌ͯ͘͠ΕΔɻ describe Committee::Middleware::Stub do include Committee::Test::Methods include Rack::Test::Methods def schema_path "./my-schema.json" end describe "GET /" do it "conforms to schema" do assert_schema_conform end end end
37. Committee x Open APIͰϞοΫαʔόʔ΋্ཱͪ͛ΒΕΔ $ curl -X GET http://localhost:9292/apps [ { "archived_at":"2012-01-01T12:00:00Z", "buildpack_provided_description":"Ruby/Rack", "created_at":"2012-01-01T12:00:00Z", "git_url":"git@heroku.com/example.git", "id":"01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef", "maintenance":false, "name":"example", "owner":[ { "email":"username@example.com", "id":"01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef" … https://github.com/interagent/committee#committeemiddlewarestub OpenAPIͰఆٛͨ͠ܕͷ஋(΍ࢦఆͨ͠αϯϓϧ஋)Λฦͯ͘͠ΕΔ
38. APIυΩϡϝϯτͷมߋ࿙Εɺ API࣮૷࿙Ε͕ൃੜ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ͳ͘ͳΔ🚀
39. Workerͷ͸ͳ͠
40. ͜Ε·Ͱಠ࣮ࣗ૷(ෛ࠴)ͩͬͨόονγεςϜ͔Β shoryukenʹ৐ͤ׵͑ & ӡ༻ͷ׬શࣗಈԽ https://github.com/phstc/shoryuken ෳ਺ͷshoryukenϓϩηεΛσʔϞϯՔಇ AWS SQSϝοηʔδͷ଺ཹ਺ʹΑͬͯEC2Πϯελϯεͷ૿ݮ ϙʔϦϯά
41. ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ͸ͳ͠
42. ॳճϦϦʔε࣌ طଘAPIʹൺ΂ͯɺ2ʙ10ഒ஗͘ͳͬͨ API௨৴෦෼Ͱ͍͘Β͔͸ ஗͘ͳΔ͜ͱ͸֮ޛ͍ͯͨ͠ ͕ɺ͋·Γʹ΋஗͗͢ʁ
43. APIઃܭΛ͢Δ্ͰؾΛ͚ͭͯͨ͜ͱ ɾAPIίʔϧ਺Λग़དྷΔݶΓ࡟ݮ ɹɹϢʔβ਺෼APIୟ͘Α͏ͳઃܭ͸NG ɹɹ(N + 1໰୊ͷAPI൛͕ى͜ΓಘΔ) ɹɹɹɹɹɹ ɾ݁ہͻͱͭͮͭௐ΂͍ͯͨΒɺ ɹ৽ن࣮૷ͨ͠ActiveRecordଆͷॲཧͰ N + 1 ͕ग़ͯͨͷͰɺ ɹͪΌΜͱ `eager_load` ͯ͋͛ͯ͠ղܾ😅
44. ࣮ࡍʹҰ෦ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽͯ͠Έͯ💁
45. ϝϦοτ
46. ɾσϦόϦʔ଎౓͕֨ஈʹ্͕Δ ɾಠཱͯ͠σϓϩΠͰ͖Δ ɾಠཱͯ͠εέʔϧ͕Ͱ͖Δ ɾӨڹൣғ΍੹຿͕໌Β͔ʹͳΔ ɾνʔϜ͝ͱʹαʔϏεӡ༻͕Ͱ͖Δ
47. σϝϦοτ
48. ઃܭ͸ۃΊͯ೉͍͠ ࠷దͳཻ౓(υϝΠϯ)Ͱ෼ׂ͢Δʹ͸े෼ͳϞσϦϯά͕ඞཁɻ (ࠓճ͸Θ͔Γ΍͔ͬͨ͢ͷͰͦ͜·Ͱ೉͘͠͸ͳ͔ͬͨ) ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ໰୊ API࿈ܞ͕લఏͷߏ੒ʹͳΔͨΊඞͣੜ͡Δɻ ղܾ͠Α͏ͱ͢ΔͱɺͱͨΜʹෳࡶ౓͕૿͢ɻ
49. ྑ͘ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε͸૊৫࿦ͱ͍͏͕ɺ ຊ౰ʹͦͷͱ͓Γͩͱࢥ͏ɻ αʔϏεن໛΍։ൃମ੍࣍ୈɻνʔϜͷ࡞ΓํΛؒҧ͑ͨ ΒɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ΋ࣦഊ͢Δɻ શһͰશମΛΧόʔͰ͖ΔͳΒɺϞϊϦεͰྑ͍ɻ (ͦΕ͕Ұ൪ޮ཰Αͯ͘ɺύϑΥʔϚϯε΋ͰΔ😅) ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱϞϊϦε
50. ͜Ε͔Βͷ࿩ (͔͜͜Β͕Ұ൪ݴ͍͔ͨͬͨ͜ͱ)
51. ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽͱίϛϡχςΟ
52. ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽΛͨ͜͠ͱͰ ৽͍ٕ͠ज़΁ͷTryɺ มԽʹॊೈʹରԠ͠΍͘͢ͳͬͨ
53. (͋·Γେ͖ͳ੠Ͱݴ͑ͳ͍Ͱ͕͢ɺ) ͜Ε·Ͱɺ Ruby΍RailsͷόʔδϣϯΞοϓ͸ 1೥ʹ1ճͰ͖Δ͔Ͱ͖ͳ͍͔🙇 (΋ͬͱͨͯ͘͠΋ɺӨڹൣғ͕޿ͯ͘ؾܰʹTryͣ͠Β͔ͬͨഎܠ)
54. ࠓճ෼ׂͨ͠αʔϏε͸ Ruby, Railsͷ࠷৽൛ ʹ͙͢ʹ௥ै͍ͯ͘͠ํ਑💪
55. ଞʹ΋ɺྺ࢙తഎܠʹΑͬͯ ࢖͑ͳ͔ͬͨػೳ΍gem͕ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ
56. ৽ٕज़ʹੵۃతʹ৮ΕΒΕΔ؀ڥ͸ɺ ίϛϡχςΟ΍OSSͱͷؔΘΓํΛม͑Δ
57. ΍͍͖ͬͯ ݸਓͱͯ͠΋ɺνʔϜͱͯ͠΋ Ξ΢τϓοτ૿΍͍ͯͧ͘͠🙌
58. Your business network