representation of the situation. • To be able to assess risk and threats as relevant for the flight. • To be able to switch from a situation under control. • To be able to maintain a relevant level of confidence. • To be able to make a decision in a complex.
usage of procedures. • To be able to use available technical and human resources. • To be able to manage time and time pressure. • To be able to cooperate with, crew members and other staff. • To be able to properly use and manage information.
its functioning prior to, during, or following changes and disturbances, so that it can sustain required operations under both expected and unexpected conditions. Erik Hollnagel
to do, or being able to respond to regular and irregular variability. Rate it as being so serious it is necessary to know how and when to respond The system must first detect that something has happened, then recognise the event.
has happened to learn from experience, in particular to learn the right lessons. Learning is generally defined as ‘a change in behaviour as a result of experience’. The future performance only can be improved if something is learned from past performance.
to look for, or being able to monitor that which changes, or may change Monitoring enables the system to address possible near-term threats and opportunities before they become reality. A resilient system must be able flexibly to monitor its own performance as well as changes in the environment.
to expect, or being able to anticipate developments, threats, and opportunities. The anticipation of future has little support in current methods, although it is considered just as important as the search for threats. Risk assessment focuses on future threats and is suitable for systems where the principles of functioning are known
mitigate, survive, and/or recover from high impact threats. A distributed system on production needs to be resilient in order to be reliable! Reliability means that the lights always come on when you throw the switch.