Shell Basic

ls,cd,wc,grep,find

Transcript

1. Shell Basic @zhiyelee! F2E! https://github.com/zhiyelee
2. How to learn • man man man ! • practice
3. dir/file manipulation • mkdir / mkdir -p! • rmdir / rmdir -p! • rm -rf! • cp -i! • ln -s
4. cd
5. ls • ls -- list directory contents! • Options! • -l,-a,-t! • -Ut
6. ls
7. tree • tree -- list files in tree-like format! • Options! • -a,-d,-f! • -P,-I
8. tree
9. Display Files
10. cat • cat - Concatenate Files! • cat -n ! • cat -s
11. cat
12. cat multiple files
13. less & more • less/more! • less line move,more page move! • does not read the entire input file before starting! • less -N line-number! • ls /etc | less
14. tail & head • tail ! • tail -f! • tail -5! ! • head! • head -5
15. wc • wc -l
16. echo • echo -e! • echo -n
17. echo
18. Identifying Commands • type - Display A Command's Type! • type cd! • type ll
19. type
20. Identifying Commands • which - Display An Executable's Location! • which ls! • cat `which hlfile`
21. which
22. Redirction
23. Redirection • stdin,stdout,stderr! • 0 1 2! • /dev/null! • < > >>! • Case! • redirect error! • redirect stdout and error to a file
24. 2>&1
25. Permissions
26. " chmod – Change a file's mode! " umask – Set the default file permissions! " su – Run a shell as another user! " sudo – Execute a command as another user! " chown – Change a file's owner
27. from《The Linux Command Line》William E. Shotts, Jr.
29. umask • umask! • the default permissions of created file! • octal notation ! • express a mask of bits to be removed from a file's mode attributes! • common default value: 022 002
30. umask
31. umask 022 owner group other original file mode rw-
 110 rw-
 110 rw-
 110 umask 000 010 010 mode of created file rw-
 110 r—
 100 r—
 100
32. umask 002 owner group other original file mode rw-
 110 rw-
 110 rw-
 110 umask 000 000 010 mode of created file rw-
 110 rw-
 110 r—
 100
33. chmod • chmod! • change file mode(permissions)! • usage! • chmod 755 file! • chmod ug+x file
34. chmod
35. Search
36. Grep • Options! • -v, -l,-L, -A, -B,n, -r/-R! • Case! • get templates contains `misc` cssfile! • get templates not contain `footer.php`! • contain `misc` but not `footer.php`
37. get templates contains `misc` cssfile
38. get templates not contain `footer.php`
39. contain `misc` but not `footer.php`
40. Grep
41. Find • Options! • -name, -perm, -delete,-regex! • !! • Case! • find all .swp files! • delete all .swp files! • find not .png and jpg file
42. find and delete
43. Find
44. find perm
45. trap
46. Case Study • deploywww! • fetch all imgs of a cssfile! • git pu
47. fetch all imgs of a css file
48. git pu
49. Reference • 《The Linux Command Line》William E. Shotts, Jr.! • 20130109 - 李志业 - Shell编程