Human Document Project

time scales and the future

Transcript

1. Andreas Manz
   KIST Europe, Saarbrücken, Germany
   Mechatronics, Saarland University, Germany
   time scales and the future
   

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2. contents
   what is “time”?
   how is time scaling with length?
   the Human Document Project
   predicting the future!
   

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3. what is “time”?
   

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4. time is a parameter which is very
   well known to all of us!
   

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5. “what time is it?”
   “time is money”
   “1 second is the duration of
   9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation
   corresponding to the transition between the two
   hyperfine levels of the ground state of the
   caesium 133 atom”
   

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6. “… the indefinite continued
   progress of existence and events in
   the past, present, and future
   regarded as a whole …” (Oxford dictionary)
   

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7. … time is advancing in one direction,
   and cannot be stopped or reversed.
   

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8. random time sequence
   

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9. backward time sequence
   

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10. forward time sequence
    

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11. “… time is part of the universal
    structure of the universe…
    ...
    a dimension independent of
    events, in which events occur in
    sequence...” (Isaac Newton)
    

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12. “… time is part of a fundamental
    intellectual structure within which
    humans sequence and compare
    events...” (Immanuel Kant, Gottfried Leibniz)
    

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14. ... I am not speaking of very
    unlikely events here!
    „Earth hit by an asteroid“, „supervolcano“ etc.
    

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15. Boltzmann brain paradox
    a massively improbable event:
    a hypothesized self aware entity which
    arises due to random fluctuations
    out of a state of chaos
    1 in 1010
    50
    years
    Ludwig Boltzmann
    1844-1906
    

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16. ... I am not speaking of
    extraterrestrial civilisations
    here, either!
    

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17. Fermi paradox
    contradiction between
    (1) estimates of probability of existence of
    exaterrestrial civilization
    and
    (2) humanities lack of evidence for such civilizations
    Enrico Fermi
    1901-1954
    

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18. ... I am not speaking of exotic
    physics theory here!
    „matter travelling faster than the speed of light“
    

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19. Bootstrap paradox
    only self-consistent trips are permitted
    in “time travel”:
    information is passed from future to
    past, then subsequently passed from
    the past to the future
    Kurt Gödel
    1906-1978
    Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov
    1935
    

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21. how is time scaling?
    

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22. lab on a chip,
    mass transport by diffusion
    

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23. similarity
    scaling down a chemical
    reaction or separation by
    a factor d, the time scale
    must also be scaled by a
    factor d2
    

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24. similarity
    examples for similarity:
    frequency of steps,
    wing beats,
    reaction on optical input
    

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25. similarity
    

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26. human perception
    < 100ms is fast
    > 10 min is slow
    > 100 years is not relevant
    

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28. the Human Document Project
    

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29. „the human document project“
    goal
    •to produce a document about human
    culture, science, arts etc.
    •to preserve it for 1 million years
    

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30. „the human document project“
    Epic of Gilgamesh
    begins with instructions on
    how to find a box of copper
    inside a foundation stone in the
    great walls of Uruk
    3,000 B.C.
    

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31. the “culture record” of
    Hominids has some similarity
    to the fossil record
    governed by mechanisms of
    preservation
    and corrosion / destruction
    NEARLY 100% will be LOST
    

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32. „the human document project“
    Egyptian tombs are also time capsules
    

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33. „the human document project“
    time capsule
    1939
    crypt of
    civilization,
    Oglethorpe
    University,
    Atlanta, Georgia
    

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34. „the human document project“
    Pioneer plaque 1972, Voyager CD 1977
    

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35. „the human document project“
    The Long Now Foundation 
    Daniel Hillis, San Francisco
    The Ozymandias Project  David
    Green, New York
    

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36. „the human document project“
    main question:
    why is it that occupying
    territory (space) means
    POWER,
    occupying the future
    (time) appears not to be
    interesting ?
    

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37. a small project in the lab
    to introduce written
    language to
    a future reader
    to store it on solid material
    to test processes of aging
    

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38. deep etching of monocrystalline silicon
    

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39. learning / definitions
    Like Rosetta stone
    

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40. embedding it in amber
    resin source today
    Agathis australis (New Zealand)
    monomer: communic acid
    

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41. learning / definitions
    like children’s learning
    

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42. • Children taught to read by using pictures
    • Books focus on teaching how the characters sound (with
    teacher/parental assistance)
    Analyze
    Children’s books do not teach the meaning of words
    Need external influences to assist learning
    Primary school textbooks
    Problems
    8/35
    Jukyung Park
    

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43. Picture-based dictionary
    Example
    호랑이
    :
    털색은 녹슨 듯한 오렌지색, 녹슨
    듯한 갈색, 몸 아래 쪽과 얼굴
    일부분은 흰색 사자에 비해
    얼굴이 작고 갈기가 없음. 온몸에
    검은색 세로 줄무늬가 있음
    One picture is worth a thousand words
    10/35
    Jukyung Park
    

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44. Picture-based dictionary
    Problems
     Unable to explain all words by pictures alone
     Inefficient, in terms of coverage
    Possible solution
     Ontology: classification of words, and the relationships between
    them
    11/35
    Jukyung Park
    

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45. Example 육식 동물: 동물을 먹이로 삼는 동물이다
    Ontology
    육식 동물
    포유 동물
    Mammal
    어류
    Fish
    조류
    Bird
    동물
    Animal
    Predators
    Enlarge the tree
    with basic
    pictures
    12/35
    Jukyung Park
    

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46. Applying the ontology
    to a chip
    Super picture
    picture which
    represents a
    current view
    of the Earth
    Master picture
     Master classes
     Unique objects
    (e.g Sun, Moon)
     Exceptions
    (e.g. cloud,
    humans, fire)
    15/35
    Slave picture
    picture which
    are inside the
    master
    pictures
    Jukyung Park
    

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47. Super picture design
    Master
    pictures
    Ontology
    tree
    Jukyung Park
    

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48. the wafer
    19/36
    Jukyung Park
    

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49. the wafer
    19/36
    Jukyung Park
    

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50. aging experiments, extrapolated
    chemical etching of Si under atmospheric,
    freshwater or ocean conditions (pH7-8)
    14,000,000 years
    loss of information on chip (pH7-8)
    100,000 years
    friction, in soil, 1mm/year, 2N force
    15 years
    cracking under pressure, 1cm2 chip, buried
    4.6MN at surface, 43MN 3m underground
    high temperatures (dry, 800C) or freeze/thaw
    no problems expected
    

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51. the oldest digital document on this planet
    … is DNA
    and proteins
    for many protein sequences,
    the evolution can be tracked
    back 1,000,000,000 or
    2,000,000,000 years
    death penalty for copy errors !!!
    

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52. age of proteins
    Evolutionary Horizons (Million years)
    Fibrinopeptides 200 Mammalian Radiation
    Lactalbumins 670 Vertebrates
    Ribonucleases 850 Animals
    Hemoglobins 1,500 Plants/Animals
    Acid Proteases 2,300 Prokayrotic/Eukarotic
    adapted from R.F.Doolittle et al., Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol.,
    51:447–455, 1986
    

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53. predicting the future!
    

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54. assumption 1
    1 million years ahead
    can be precisely extrapolated
    for geology
    for astronomy
    

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55. a Million years?
    19/36
    

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56. a Million years?
    19/36
    

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57. a planetary clock ?
    easiest to recognise, very rare
    occultation of Saturn by Jupiter
    19/36
    …
    78,300 july 30
    74,944 april 18
    70,852 june 23
    57,089 september 10
    48,213 january 17
    44,062 august 22
    42,573 august 30
    41,500 october 24
    37,628 may 13
    36,774 september 25
    30,121 november 28
    23,350 january 18
    21,303 november 6
    13,738 february 11
    13,340 september 19
    8,674 february 27
    7,541 june 18
    7,541 february 17
    -6,856
    -10,610
    -14,879
    -19,089
    -22,267
    -22,445
    -31,144
    -31,600
    -40,755
    -44,450
    -47,130
    -48,262
    -53,842
    -55,769
    -60,952
    -61,171
    -61,230
    …
    smallest gap
    7,541 june 18
    7,541 february 17
    just 121 days !
    biggest gap
    7,541 february 17
    -6,856 june 4
    more than 14,000 years !
    

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58. a planetary clock ?
    intervals
    occultation of Saturn by Jupiter
    19/36
    Saturn / Moon
    is known
    2014 is somewhere here
    

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59. a planetary clock ?
    similar to dendrochronology
    occultation of Saturn by Jupiter
    19/36
    

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60. a planetary clock ?
    similar to dendrochronology
    19/36
    2,000 years dating possible with 1-year rings
    assumption: up to 8,000,000 years dating
    possible with ca 4,000 year intervals between
    occultations of Saturn by Jupiter
    

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61. a reference point
    unique in 1 million years?
    19/36
    571,741 AD
    simultaneous transit Venus + Earth
    seen from Mars
    38,172 AD
    transit of Uranus seen from Neptune
    69,163 AD simultaneous Venus + Mercury transit
    15,232 AD simultaneous total solar eclipse and transit of Venus
    -15,607 BC simultaneous total solar eclipse and transit of Venus
    -373,173 BC simultaneous Venus + Mercury transit
    

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62. assumption 2
    1 million years means
    corrosion and decay
    for chemistry, and
    mechanics
    

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63. archaeological / fossil evidence
    how much more was there, actually?
    

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64. archaeological / fossil evidence
    example: beginning of the Bronze Age
    

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65. archaeological / fossil evidence
    example: beginning of the Bronze Age
    

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66. archaeological / fossil evidence
    mostly corrosion of bronze artefacts?
    

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67. assumption 3
    1 million years back is
    similar to
    1 million years ahead
    for biology
    

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68. 1 million years back
    6 5 4 3 2 1 0
    Ardipithecus
    Australopithecus
    Paranthropus
    Homo habilis
    Homo erectus
    Homo heidelbergensis
    Homo neanderthalensis
    Homo sapiens
    million years
    

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69. „art“ in human culture
    Lespugue, upper paleolithic, 25,000 B.C.
    

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70. 1 million years back
    how much more was there, actually?
    6 5 4 3 2 1 0
    Ardipithecus
    Australopithecus
    Paranthropus
    Homo habilis
    Homo erectus
    Homo heidelbergensis
    Homo neanderthalensis
    Homo sapiens
    pebble tools
    stone axes
    venus statuettes, cave paintings
    pottery
    fire for cooking
    

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71. assumption 4
    the future could be much
    longer than the past
    for intelligent life
    for Hominid species
    

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72. in 1 million years
    a biological species may
    have evolved into another
    (similar) one
    likelihood nearly 100%
    Homo sapiens may no
    longer exist
    

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73. assumption 5
    we tend to underestimate
    Hominid intelligence,
    past and future
    

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74. THIS IS US
    THEM !
    

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75. Neandertal humans could
    have had an elaborate
    musical talent, playing
    guitars and singing with it.
    Perhaps they simply forgot
    to put it in a “human
    document” at their time.
    

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76. conclusions & outlook
    

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77. CONCLUSION
    motivation
    “drop” a few facts, documents etc
    for future generations to be picked up
    such that they have an impression
    who we were, what we did, etc
     BEAT FOSSILIZATION in efficiency !!!
    

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78. acknowledgement
    Miko Elwenspoek, PhD, Professor
    Leon Abelmann, PhD, Professor
    Jukyung Park
    …and many more…
    the Internet (!)
    Funding:
    FRIAS, Freiburg Institute for Advaced
    Studies, Freiburg, Germany
    KIST Europe, Korea Institute for Science
    and Technology, Saarbrucken, Germany
    

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