on nanofluidics and why it is so great

... given jointly with Jan Eijkel at GRC, Oxford 2005.

1. LATERNA MAGICA
2. REFE RENC E
3. LATERNA MAGICA
4. GLASS GLASS DEVICE
5. LATERNA MAGICA
6. THE OLDE BUNNY TRICK
7. MY LATEST AIR PUMP
8. THE OLDE BUNNY TRICK
9. THE OLDE BUNNY TRICK
10. microfluidics
11. Microf luidics
12. waves
15. On nanofluidics and why it’s so great S. Holmes, Baker Street, London
16. DNA research confinement & reading Tegenfeldt 2004, Craighead group Kasianowicz , 1996
17. Nanotechnology: spatial design instead of randomness Korda, 2002 Huang, 2004 Continuous flow!
18. Thermal ratchets: employ noise Koss, 2003 Bader, 2004 Separation speed scales with 1/d2 !
19. Actin-myosin movement by ATP-biased Brownian motion (Kitamura 1999)
20. Rustom, 2004
21. Natura artis magistra (or: bottom-up and top-down) There’s plenty of sophistication at the bottom
22. Bottom-up: Aquaporins specific transport
23. proton transport blocked Water dipole reorientation  no dipole chain  no Grotthus proton conduction Tajkhorshid et al., Science, 296 (2002) 525
24. Aquaporin http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/aquaporins/
25. Bottom-up: Na+ K+ ATPase active transport through cell wall
26. Separation!
27. • Na+/K+ separating force (Energy / distance ) : 1ATP / (membrane thickness) = 14 kT / 4 nm  14 pN • Pumps against E-field of 70 mV / 4 nm = 1.75e7 V/m • Electrophoresis: max. 2e5 V/m  0.03 pN on unit charge • Almost isothermal, ~ 100% efficiency • Energy dissipation only where needed
29. Combining top/down and bottom/up Cornell, 1997
30. Why nanofluidics is so great • Single molecule studies • Freedom of nanoarchitecture instead of random separation structure – Sophisticated sieving (continuous flow), ratchets • From nature: active transport for separation – efficient – high separating field gradients – specific
31. Now, isn’t that great???