Intro to Gradle for FRC

@jeanneboyarsky 1 Intro to Gradle For FRC Jeanne Boyarsky Saturday
December 14, 2019 StuySplash speakerdeck.com/boyarsky

@jeanneboyarsky About Me • 11 year FRC volunteer • Professional
Programmer • Java Champion (about 300 in the world) • Build Tool Expert • And… 2

@jeanneboyarsky Pause for a Commercial 3 Java 11 certs •1Z0-815
- Out now •1Z0-816 - April ETA

@jeanneboyarsky Volunteer? 4 NYC FRC Regional Co-Volunteer Coordinator firstinspires.org

@jeanneboyarsky Agenda • Quick Java PSA • Intro to Build
Tools • Intro to Gradle • Using Gradle for FRC • More on Groovy/Gradle 5

@jeanneboyarsky Java Release Cycle 6

@jeanneboyarsky “Java is Still Free” • Free for non-production use
• For Prod use 20 minute version: https://medium.com/@javachampions/java- is-still-free-2-0-0-6b9aa8d6d244 7

@jeanneboyarsky What is a Build Tool? • Automated • Creates
executable • Reproduceable • Codified 9

@jeanneboyarsky Find the build tool? 10 Saw? Band Saw? CNC
Machine? x Not automated x Automation != Electricity ✔Programming x But doesn’t create executable

@jeanneboyarsky Happy Birthday Make • 1976 • C • Makefile
• Compiles code • Adds libraries • Can call OS commands 11

@jeanneboyarsky Big 3 Java Build Tools • Ant • Maven
• Gradle 12

@jeanneboyarsky Quick Comparison 13 Ant Maven Gradle Released 2000 2004
2007 Build file build.xml pom.xml build.gradle Language XML XML Groovy Dependency mgmt? Not native Yes Yes

@jeanneboyarsky FRC Timeline • 2004-2008 - IFI • 2009-2014 -
cRIO with Java • Java 1.4 Mobile • 2015-? - RoboRIO with Java • Multi core • Current versions of Java 14

@jeanneboyarsky FRC Timeline • 2010-2018 • Ant • 2019-? •
Gradle 15

@jeanneboyarsky Convention over Configuration • Many defaults • Directory structure:
• src • main • java 17

@jeanneboyarsky Benefits • Less code to build • Fewer decisions
to make • Faster to switch between teams • Easier to work on open source 18

@jeanneboyarsky Phases 19 Initialization Counts gradle projects (1 Robot) Configuration
Parses the build script Execution Determines which tasks to execute and does so

@jeanneboyarsky First Install 20

@jeanneboyarsky First Build • Download dependencies from internet • Cached
21

@jeanneboyarsky Simplest build.gradle apply plugin: ‘java' • compiles into build/classes
• creates JAR into build/libs All that from one line! 22

@jeanneboyarsky Key Gradle Files 23 File Description build.gradle The build
script gradlew Gradle wrapper so can run without installing Gradle on Mac/Linux gradlew Same for Windows settings.gradle Sets projects specific config before build runs

@jeanneboyarsky Gradle Directories 24 Directory Description .gradle Cache .wpilib FRC
specific. Contains metadata. Ex: build year, team number vendordeps JSON files with locations for some dependencies

@jeanneboyarsky JAR • Java Archive • Like zip file •
Contains compiled code • You depend on these libraries 25

@jeanneboyarsky Dependency • Often hosted on binary repository • ex:
Maven Central • Some FRC plugins not in Central • vendordeps! 26

@jeanneboyarsky If not deploying • ./gradlew clean • ./gradlew build
28

@jeanneboyarsky From command palette > Executing task: ./gradlew deploy -
PteamNumber=694 --offline - Dorg.gradle.java.home="/Library/Java/ JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.2.jdk/ Contents/Home" < 29 -P = project property -D = system property

@jeanneboyarsky Build Gradle Walkthru 30

@jeanneboyarsky Settings Gradle Walkthru 38

@jeanneboyarsky Settings Gradle Walkthru 39

@jeanneboyarsky Different Java for Class? 1) VS Code Settings 41

@jeanneboyarsky Different Java for Class? 2) <HOME>/.gradle/ gradle.properties 42 org.gradle.java.home=/Library/Java/
JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.2.jdk/ Contents/Home

@jeanneboyarsky Groovy 43 8 Groovy Java

@jeanneboyarsky Java -> Groovy int lastYear = 2017; int year
= 2018 def nextYear = 2019 44 Can use Java syntax Without semicolon or type

@jeanneboyarsky Strings def city = 'SF' println 'Here: $city' println
"Here: $city" println "In ${city.class}" 45 Java String GString Here: $city Here: SF In class java.lang.String

@jeanneboyarsky Multi Line String def name = 'Jeanne' def text
= """ Name ______ $name """ println text 46 Coming soon to Java with new syntax Name ______ Jeanne

@jeanneboyarsky What does this print? def name = 'Jeanne' def
text = ’’’ Name ______ $name ’’’ println text 47 Name ______ $name

@jeanneboyarsky Getters vs Properties def animal = 'dog' println animal.getBytes()
println animal.bytes 48

@jeanneboyarsky == vs equals() def monday ='monday' def nextMonday =
new String('monday') def tuesday ='tuesday' println monday == null println null == monday println monday == tuesday println monday == nextMonday 49 Java Syntax True!

@jeanneboyarsky What is the Truth? 50 Value Result Null FALSE
Empty String FALSE Empty List FALSE 1 Character String TRUE

@jeanneboyarsky Elvis has entered the building println Jenkins.instance .getItemByFullName(jobName) ?.lastBuild
?.timestamp ?.time 51

@jeanneboyarsky Optional Parens def ch = 'abc'.charAt 1 println ch
52 Optional when no ambiguity Ambiguity: * Zero params * Within println

@jeanneboyarsky ArrayList++ 53 def list = ['cookie', 'chocolate’] list <<
'candy' println list.getClass() class java.util.ArrayList println list[1] chocolate ArrayList does what now?

@jeanneboyarsky ArrayList++ 54 println list [cookie, chocolate, candy] println list[-1]
candy println list.min() candy list.sort() println list [candy, chocolate, cookie]

@jeanneboyarsky Functions incrementBy = 4; def add(num) { num +
incrementBy } println add(2) 55 no def types optional return optional

@jeanneboyarsky IT (10..1).each{ println "--> $it" } println 'Blast off!'
56

@jeanneboyarsky Named Params def config = new SelectorConfiguration( name: ‘selector',
description: ‘packages', ) 57 Only the default constructor exists!

@jeanneboyarsky Alfred vs Edwin File file = new File("src/main/java/frc/robot/RobotMap.java") System.out.println("=========================")
if(file.text.contains('ROBOT_NAME = "Alfred"')) { System.out.println("Built to ALFRED!!!") } else if(file.text.contains('ROBOT_NAME = "Edwin"')) { System.out.println("Built to EDWIN!!!") } else { System.out.println("[ATTENTION] Look at RobotMap and make sure you have robot name set!") throw new IllegalStateException("Robot Name Not Found"); } System.out.println("=========================") 58

@jeanneboyarsky Book Giveaway 59

@jeanneboyarsky Questions ? 60

Intro to Gradle for FRC

Intro to Gradle for FRC

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