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ContainerCon North America – Cloud Anti-Patterns
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Casey West
August 23, 2016
Technology
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ContainerCon North America – Cloud Anti-Patterns
Casey West
August 23, 2016
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Transcript
Cloud Anti-Patterns @caseywest 1 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
A word about consent… Please do: Take pictures, tweet, take
notes. Please don't: Record or live stream without my explicit consent. 2 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Cloud Anti-Patterns • Twitter @caseywest • Email
[email protected]
• Web
http://caseywest.com 3 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Thanks, Pivotal 4 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Act One The five stages of cloud-native 5 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
The five stages of cloud- native 1. Denial 2. Anger
3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance 6 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Have a seat on the couch 7 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Whatever makes you comfortable 8 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Now for some basic ground rules 9 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Rules We will talk about your delivery pipeline 10 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Rules We will talk about your architecture 11 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Rules We will talk about your automation 12 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
⏰ 13 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
"Deploying my apps to 'the cloud' is paintful. Why?" 14
! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Denial 15 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Denial Containers are just like tiny virtual machines 16 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Denial We don't need to automate continuous delivery 17 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anger 18 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anger Works on my machine 19 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon
#containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anger Dev is just #YOLO-ing shit to production 20 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Bargaining 21 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Bargaining We crammed this monolith into a container and called
it a microservice 22 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Bargaining "Bi-Modal IT" 23 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
Bargaining What if we create "microservices" that all talk to
the same data source? 24 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Depression 25 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Depression We made 200 microservices and forgot to set up
jenkins 26 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Depression We have an automated build pipeline but release twice
a year 27 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Acceptance 28 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Acceptance All software sucks 29 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Acceptance Respect CAP Theorem 30 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Acceptance Respect Conway's Law 31 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Acceptance Small batch size works for replatforming, too 32 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Acceptance Automate everything 33 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
⏰'s up 34 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
What have we learned? 35 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Cloud-native operability is* 1. Microservices Architecture 2. Devops Culture 3.
Continuous Delivery Pick Any Three * Not always true. 36 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Act Two The twelve-factor container 37 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon
#containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
You must be this tall to ride this ride 38
! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Audience Participation • Containers? • Schedulers? • Cloud? 39 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker 40 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
The factors http://12factor.net 41 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
1: One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys 42
! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Building separate images for staging and production 43 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Tags for dev and prod 44 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Use the environment and/or feature flags 45 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
2: Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 46 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
2: Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 47 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern latest 48 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Declare version numbers of upstream dependencies 49 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Depend on base images for default filesystem and
runtimes 50 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
3: Store config in the environment 51 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern config.yml 52 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern properties.xml 53 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Hard-coded feature flags 54 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice This one is literally about environment variables 55
! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice This one is literally about environment variables !
‑ 56 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
4: Treat backing services as attached resources 57 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Local disk 58 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Local disk 59 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Local disk 60 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Connect to network- attached services using connection info
from the environment 61 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
5: Strictly separate build and run stages 62 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Install on deploy 63 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Build immutable images then run those images 64
! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Painfully Obvious Best Practices 1. Eat when hungry 2. Sleep
when tired 3. Book Casey West for speaking gigs 65 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Respect the lifecycle: build, run, destroy 66 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
6: Execute the app as one or more stateless processes
67 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Schedule LRPs by distributing them across a cluster
of physical hardware 68 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern NFS 69 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern NFS Need I say more? 70 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
7: Export services via port binding 71 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice port = Env.fetch(:PORT) 72 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon
#containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice my $port = $ENV{PORT}; 73 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice private String getPort() { Map<String, String> env =
System.getenv(); return env.get("PORT"); } 74 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice let port = env::var("PORT").unwrap() 75 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
8: Scale out via the process model 76 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Horizontally scale by adding instances 77 ! @caseywest
#containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
9: Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown 78
! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
10: Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible
79 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Run containers in development 80 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
11: Treat logs as event streams 81 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Random log files #yolo'd all over the file system
82 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice STDOUT STDOUT STDOUT STDOUT 83 ! @caseywest #containercon
#linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
12: Run admin/ management tasks as one-off processes 84 !
@caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Anti-pattern Custom containers for tasks 85 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon
#containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
Best Practice Reuse application images with specific entrypoints for tasks
86 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
More factors? • API first • Secrets management • Health
metrics • Global distribution 87 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
You are now cloud-native 88 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry
Repeatability Reliability Resiliency 89 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry
@caseywest Let's be friends ! 90 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon
#containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry