Abstractions – Pittsburgh – The Twelve-Factor Container + BONUS

1.

The Twelve-Factor Container 1 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

2.

A word about consent… Please do: Take pictures, tweet, take
notes. Please don't: Record or live stream without my explicit consent. 2 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

3.

The Twelve-Factor Container • Twitter @caseywest • Email casey@geeknest.com •
Web http://caseywest.com 3 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

4.

Thanks, Pivotal 4 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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This isn't really a talk about containers 5 ! @caseywest
#abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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This is a talk about operational maturity 6 ! @caseywest

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You must be this tall to ride this ride 7
! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Audience Participation • Containers? • Schedulers? • Cloud? 8 !
@caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker 9 !

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The factors http://12factor.net 10 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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1: One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys 11

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Anti-pattern Building separate images for staging and production 12 !

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Anti-pattern Tags for dev and prod 13 ! @caseywest #abstractions
#containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice Use the environment and/or feature flags 14 !

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2: Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 15 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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2: Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 16 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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Anti-pattern latest 17 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice Declare version numbers of upstream dependencies 18 !

19.

Best Practice Depend on base images for default filesystem and
runtimes 19 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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3: Store config in the environment 20 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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Anti-pattern conﬁg.yml 21 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Anti-pattern properties.xml 22 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Anti-pattern Hard-coded feature flags 23 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice This one is literally about environment variables 24

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Best Practice This one is literally about environment variables !
‑ 25 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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4: Treat backing services as attached resources 26 ! @caseywest

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Anti-pattern Local disk 27 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice Connect to network- attached services using connection info
from the environment 30 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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5: Strictly separate build and run stages 31 ! @caseywest

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Anti-pattern Install on deploy 32 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice Build immutable images then run those images 33

34.

Painfully Obvious Best Practices 1. Eat when hungry 2. Sleep
when tired 3. Book Casey West for speaking gigs 34 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice Respect the lifecycle: buid, run, destroy 35 !

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6: Execute the app as one or more stateless processes
36 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

37.

Best Practice Schedule LRPs by distributing them across a cluster
of physical hardware 37 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Anti-pattern NFS 38 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Anti-pattern NFS Need I say more? 39 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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7: Export services via port binding 40 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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Best Practice port = Env.fetch(:PORT) 41 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers
#realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice my $port = $ENV{PORT}; 42 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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Best Practice private String getPort() { Map<String, String> env =
System.getenv(); return env.get("PORT"); } 43 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Best Practice let port = env::var("PORT").unwrap() 44 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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8: Scale out via the process model 45 ! @caseywest

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Best Practice Horizontally scale by adding instances 46 ! @caseywest

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9: Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown 47

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10: Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible

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Best Practice Run containers in development 49 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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11: Treat logs as event streams 50 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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Anti-pattern Random log files #yolo'd all over the file system

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Best Practice STDOUT STDOUT STDOUT STDOUT 52 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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12: Run admin/ management tasks as one-off processes 53 !

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Anti-pattern Custom containers for tasks 54 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers

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Best Practice Reuse application images with specific entrypoints for tasks

56.

More factors? • API first • Secrets management • Health
metrics • Global distribution 56 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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You are now cloud-native 57 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

58.

Repeatability Reliability Resiliency 58 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Bonus Material 59 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

60.

The five stages of cloud- native 1. Denial 2. Anger
3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance 60 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

61.

Have a seat on the couch 61 ! @caseywest #abstractions

62.

Whatever makes you comfortable 62 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

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Now for some basic ground rules 63 ! @caseywest #abstractions

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Rules We will talk about your delivery pipeline 64 !

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Rules We will talk about your architecture 65 ! @caseywest

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Rules We will talk about your automation 66 ! @caseywest

67.

⏰ 67 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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"Deploying my apps to 'the cloud' is paintful. Why?" 68

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Denial 69 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Denial Containers are just like tiny virtual machines 70 !

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Denial We don't need to automate continuous delivery 71 !

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Anger 72 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Anger Works on my machine 73 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers

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Anger Dev is just #YOLO-ing shit to production 74 !

75.

Bargaining 75 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

76.

Bargaining We crammed this monolith into a container and called
it a microservice 76 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Bargaining "Bi-Modal IT" 77 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

78.

Bargaining What if we create "microservices" that all talk to
the same data source? 78 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

79.

Depression 79 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

80.

Depression We made 200 microservices and forgot to set up
jenkins 80 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

81.

Depression We have an automated build pipeline but release twice
a year 81 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Acceptance 82 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

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Acceptance All software sucks 83 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

84.

Acceptance Respect CAP Theorem 84 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

85.

Acceptance Respect Conway's Law 85 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

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Acceptance Small batch size works for replatforming, too 86 !

87.

Acceptance Automate everything 87 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

88.

⏰'s up 88 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

89.

What have we learned? 89 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld
#sorrynotsorry

90.

Operability is 1. Microservices Architecture 2. Devops Culture 3. Continuous
Delivery Pick Three 90 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry

91.

@caseywest Let's be friends ! 91 ! @caseywest #abstractions #containers

Abstractions – Pittsburgh – The Twelve-Factor Container + BONUS

Abstractions – Pittsburgh – The Twelve-Factor Container + BONUS

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