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SOC 4650 & SOC 5650 - Lecture 06

SOC 4650 & SOC 5650 - Lecture 06

Slides for Lecture 06 of the Saint Louis University Course Introduction to GIS. These slides introduce map layout construction techniques using R and ArcGIS.

Christopher Prener

February 26, 2018
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  1. An entry ticket is available on Slack in the #_news

    channel - please complete it! It is (almost) March, so let’s update our packages:
 update.packages() WELCOME! GETTING STARTED Install the ggthemes package from CRAN
  2. AGENDA 1. Front Matter 2. GISc & Public Policy 3.

    Map Products 4. Single Maps 5. Change Across Categories 6. Map Layouts in R INTRO TO GISC / WEEK 07 / LECTURE 06 7. Map Layouts in ArcGIS 8. Back Matter
  3. 1. FRONT MATTER ANNOUNCEMENTS Lab-05, PS-04, and LP-07 are due

    before next class. You are also expected to post an update in your group’s Slack channel about how data access and work are going. I’m going to increase the weight that contributing to the GIS and Public Policy discussions are given in the participation grade. Make sure you are checking in on GitHub and Slack regularly - lots of feedback posted in the last few days.
  4. ▸ .ai, .pdf, and .svg are vector outputs • vector

    files can be edited by other applications ▸ .jpeg, .png, and .tiff are raster outputs • raster files are exported “as is” and cannot be edited later • .png images have a transparent background option 3. MAP PRODUCTS OUTPUT TYPES
  5. 3. MAP PRODUCTS PRINT MAPS ▸ Can be fully designed

    in ArcMap ▸ Use standard sizes (8.5” x 11”, legal, 11”x17”) ▸ Can also use custom sizes like 3’ x 3’ or larger for wall maps with access to a large-format printer ▸ Export as .pdf from Arc with at least 300 dots per inch resolution
  6. 3. MAP PRODUCTS PRESENTATION MAPS - 1 PER SLIDE ▸

    Only design what is necessary in ArcMap ▸ Can size layout space to your slides: - 4:3 slide size (ideal for printing) - 1024 by 768 points - 16:9 slide size (widescreen) - 1280 by 720 points ▸ Export as .png from Arc with at least 300 dots per inch resolution ▸ Set background of export image to match your slide background
  7. 3. MAP PRODUCTS PRESENTATION MAPS - MULTIPLE MAPS ▸ Only

    design what is necessary in ArcMap ▸ Wire frame - draw a rectangular box on the slide that covers the area you wish the map to take up. Identify its dimensions, and size the layout space accordingly. ▸ Think carefully about font size - generally nothing less than ~24 point (though this varies by font family) ▸ Less is more when it comes to data, labels, and ground layers
  8. 3. MAP PRODUCTS POSTER MAPS ▸ Only design what is

    necessary in ArcMap ▸ Wire frame - draw a rectangular box on the poster that covers the area you wish the map to take up. Identify its dimensions, and size the layout space accordingly. ▸ More flexibility both with font size as well as data, labels, and ground layers ▸ Keep elements close together ▸ Tendency is to make things large - new designers typically underestimate how large maps and text will appear.
  9. 3. MAP PRODUCTS WIRE FRAMING Moderate resolution
 output - 96dpi

    Low resolution
 output - 50dpi High resolution
 output - 300dpi
  10. ▸ Set the page size to the desired output dimensions

    using points ▸ Points are a mesuare of length used in typesetting and design - 1 pt = 1/72 inch #. SECTION NAME WIRE FRAMING
  11. ▸ Then set export resolution in dots- per-inch, which will

    resize you page size based on the quality of the resolution you select ▸ 50 dpi = 208 by 347 pixels for the original 300 by 500 point image ▸ 96 dpi = 400 by 667 pixels ▸ 300dpi = 1250 by 2084 pixels #. SECTION NAME EXPORTING HIGH QUALITY IMAGES
  12. 3. MAP PRODUCTS MAP ELEMENTS Titles 
 and Text Legends

    Inset Maps Directional
 Indicators Scale 
 Indicators
  13. St. Louis Kansas City Springfield Joplin Columbia St. Joseph Jefferson

    City Cape Girardeau Hannibal Drought Rating Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Full Layout 1 National Drought Mitation Center Drought Outlook for the Week of November 22, 2016 Data via The National Drought Mitation Center http:/ / droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D.
  14. St. Louis Kansas City Springfield Joplin Columbia St. Joseph Jefferson

    City Cape Girardeau Hannibal TN OK NE KY KS IL IA AR Drought Rating Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Full Layout 2 National Drought Mitation Center Drought Outlook for the Week of November 22, 2016 Data via The National Drought Mitation Center http:/ / droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D.
  15. St. Louis Kansas City Springfield Joplin Columbia St. Joseph Jefferson

    City Cape Girardeau Hannibal TN OK NE KY KS IL IA AR Drought Rating Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Full Layout 3 National Drought Mitation Center Drought Outlook for the Week of November 22, 2016 Data via The National Drought Mitation Center http:/ / droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. Major Urban Areas 0 30 60 90 120 15 Miles
  16. St. Louis Kansas City Springfield Joplin Columbia St. Joseph Jefferson

    City Cape Girardeau Hannibal Drought Rating Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Drought Conditions Full Layout 4 National Drought Mitation Center Drought Outlook for the Week of November 22, 2016 Data via The National Drought Mitation Center http:/ / droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D.
  17. St. Louis Kansas City Springfield Joplin Columbia St. Joseph Jefferson

    City Cape Girardeau Hannibal Drought Rating Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Drought Conditions Full Layout 5 National Drought Mitation Center Drought Outlook for the Week of November 22, 2016 Data via The National Drought Mitation Center http:/ / droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D.
  18. St. Louis Kansas City Springfield Joplin Columbia St. Joseph Jefferson

    City Cape Girardeau Hannibal TN OK NE KY KS IL IA AR Drought Rating Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Drought Conditions Full Layout 6 National Drought Mitation Center Drought Outlook for the Week of November 22, 2016 Data via The National Drought Mitation Center http:/ / droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. 0 30 60 90 120 15 Miles Major Urban Areas
  19. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 1 Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought

    Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Projection: 
 UTM 15N Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center
  20. Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought

    Projection: 
 UTM 15N Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center St. Louis Cape
 Giradeau Joplin Kansas City St. Joseph Springfield Columbia Jefferson 
 City DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 2
  21. Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate 
 Drought Severe 
 Drought Extreme

    
 Drought Exceptional Drought Projection: 
 UTM 15N Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 3
  22. Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate 
 Drought Severe 
 Drought Extreme

    
 Drought Exceptional Drought Projection: 
 UTM 15N Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 4
  23. Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate 
 Drought Severe 
 Drought Extreme

    
 Drought Exceptional 
 Drought Projection: 
 UTM 15N Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 5
  24. Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought

    Projection: 
 UTM 15N Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 7
  25. ▸ Edward Tufte (we talked about him last week re:

    “chart junk”) has popularized the idea of “small multiples” ▸ Visuals with same scale/axes that can be used to illustrate change over time or differences between categories 5. CHANGE ACROSS CATEGORIES SMALL MULTIPLES
  26. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRINT LAYOUT 1 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 1/17/17

    1/24/17 1/31/17 2/7/17 2/14/17 Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center
 http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought
  27. Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate Drought Data via The National Drought

    Mitigation Center
 http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 1/17/17 1/24/17 1/31/17 2/7/17 2/14/17 DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRINT LAYOUT 2
  28. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRINT LAYOUT 3 Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate

    Drought Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center
 http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 1/17/17 1/24/17 1/31/17 2/7/17 2/14/17
  29. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRINT LAYOUT 4 Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate

    Drought Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center
 http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 1/17/17 1/24/17 1/31/17 2/7/17 2/14/17
  30. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRINT LAYOUT 5 11/29/16 12/6/16 12/13/16 12/20/16

    12/27/16 1/24/17 1/31/17 2/7/14 2/14/17 1/17/17 1/10/17 1/3/17 Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Data via The National 
 Drought Mitigation Center
 http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D.
  31. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRINT LAYOUT 6 Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate

    Drought Severe 
 Drought Extreme 
 Drought Exceptional Drought Data via The National Drought Mitigation 
 Center - http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu Projected Coordinate System: UTM 15N Christopher Prener, Ph.D. 10/4 10/11 10/18 10/25 2016 2017 11/1 11/8 11/15 11/22 11/29 12/6 12/13 12/20 12/27 1/3 1/10 1/17 1/24 1/31 2/7 2/14
  32. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 1 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 1/17/17

    1/24/17 1/31/17 2/7/17 2/14/17 Abnormally 
 Dry Moderate Drought Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center Severe 
 Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Projection: UTM 15N
  33. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - PRESENTATION LAYOUT 2 1/31/17 1/17/17 1/24/17 2/7/17

    2/14/17 Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought Data via The National Drought Mitigation Center Projection: UTM 15N 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 12/20/16
  34. DROUGHT CONDITIONS - POSTER LAYOUT 1/31/17 1/17/17 1/24/17 2/7/17 2/14/17

    Abnormally Dry Moderate Drought Severe Drought Extreme Drought Exceptional Drought 12/27/16 1/3/17 1/10/17 12/20/16
  35. ▸ In ArcGIS, create separate data frames on a single

    layout with one data frame per time period or category ▸ OR export single layouts with one time period or category per layout and put them together in PowerPoint or a similar application ▸ Keep elements close together! 5. CHANGE ACROSS CATEGORIES CREATING MULTIPLES
  36. library(ggplot2) library(ggthemes) library(stlData) library(viridis) lead <- stl_as_sf(stl_tbl_lead) ggplot() + geom_sf(data

    = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated), 
 color = "#5d5d5d") + scale_fill_viridis() 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R BASIC MAP
  37. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis() 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R REMOVE LINES Remove feature boundary lines
 (in this case census tract boundaries)
 by setting color = NA.
  38. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis() +
 theme_map() 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R CHANGE THEME ggtheme’s theme_map() removes
 the latitude and longitude labels,
 which are not useful to most readers.
 The trademark gray background is
 also removed from the map layout.
  39. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis() +
 theme_map() + theme(legend.position=“right”) 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R MOVE LEGEND We should move the legend’s 
 position off the map so our data
 are not obscured. The theme()
 function from ggplot2 is used
 to edit theme elements.
  40. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis() +
 theme_map() + theme(legend.position=“right”) + labs( title = “Blood Lead Level Tests by Census Tract, 2014”, subtitle = “St. Louis, Missouri”, caption = “Map by Christopher Prener; \nData via Reuters”) 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R ADD LABELS \n produces a carriage return
  41. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis( name = “% Elevated”) + theme_map() + theme(legend.position=“right”) + labs( title = “Blood Lead Level Tests by Census Tract, 2014”, subtitle = “St. Louis, Missouri”, caption = “Map by Christopher Prener; \nData via Reuters”) 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R LEGEND TITLE
  42. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis( name = “% Elevated”) + theme_map(base_size = 14) + theme(legend.position=“right”) + labs( title = “Blood Lead Level Tests by Census Tract, 2014”, subtitle = “St. Louis, Missouri”, caption = “Map by Christopher Prener; \nData via Reuters”) 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R FONT SIZE
  43. ggplot() + geom_sf(data = lead, mapping = aes(fill = pctElevated),

    
 color = NA) + scale_fill_viridis( name = “% Elevated”) + theme_map(base_size = 14) + theme(legend.position=“right”) + labs( title = “Blood Lead Level Tests by \nCensus Tract, 2014”, subtitle = “St. Louis, Missouri”, caption = “Map by Christopher Prener; \nData via Reuters”) 6. MAP LAYOUTS IN R FONT SIZE
  44. AGENDA REVIEW 8. BACK MATTER 1. GISc & Public Policy

    2. Map Products 3. Single Maps 4. Change Across Categories 5. Map Layouts in R 6. Map Layouts in ArcGIS
  45. REMINDERS 8. BACK MATTER Lab-05, PS-04, and LP-07 are due

    before next class. You are also expected to post an update in your group’s Slack channel about how data access and work are going. I’m going to increase the weight that contributing to the GIS and Public Policy discussions are given in the participation grade. Make sure you are checking in on GitHub and Slack regularly - lots of feedback posted in the last few days.