Chandra Grating Spectroscopy of PG 1211+143: Evidence for an Ultra-fast Outflow

Talk presented at the New England Regional Quasar and AGN Meeting (NERQUAM), Boston University, USA, May 2017

Transcript

1. Chandra Grating Spectroscopy of PG 1211+143 Chandra Grating Spectroscopy of PG 1211+143 Evidence for an Ultra-Fast Outflow Evidence for an Ultra-Fast Outflow Ashkbiz Danehkar Ashkbiz Danehkar Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University, Boston , MA Background: HST image of PG1211 In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT), In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT), Gerard Kriss (STSI), Randall Smith (SAO) and et al. Gerard Kriss (STSI), Randall Smith (SAO) and et al.
2. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 2 Outline  Introduction:  AGN Unified Model (Seyfert I & II)  Ionized Absorbers: Warm Absorber (WA) and Ultra-Fast Outflow (UFO)  The Seyfert I galaxy PG 1211+143  XMM-Newton Observations  Chandra Observations  Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Outflows in PG1211+143  Continuum Modeling  XSTAR Photoionization Modeling  MCMC Confidence Maps of Photoionization Parameters  HST Cosmic Origins Spectrograph/UV data of PG1211+143  Summary
3. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 3 Introduction: AGN Unified Model Introduction: AGN Unified Model AGN Unified Model (Seyfert I & II Galaxies) PG 1211+143 Unified Models for AGNs Antonucci, ARA&A, 1993, 31, 473 Unified Schemes for AGNs Megan Urry & Padovani, 1995, PASP, 107, 803
4. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 4 Introduction: Ionized Absorbers Introduction: Ionized Absorbers  Ultra-Fast Outflow (UFO):  Highly Ionized absorption lines: typically H-like & He-like Fe Velocity > 10,000 km/s high velocity ~ 0.1– 0.4c (Pounds + 2003, Cappi 2006, Braito + 2007)  Observed in 30% of radio-quiet AGNs (Tombest + 2010,2011,2012,2014)  Warm Absorber (WA):  Ionized absorption lines: typically H-like & He-like O, Ne, Mg, Si, S Velocity < 10,000 km/s  Observed in 50% of Seyfert I galaxies (Reynold & Fabian 1995, Reynold 1997, George + 1998) PG 1211+143
5. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 5 XMM-Newton Observations  UFOs v out ~ -0.07c (Pounds + 2003, Pounds & Page 2006; Pounds + 2016)  H- and He-like C, N, O, Ne, Mg, S and Fe ions (Pounds + 2003)  A second component outflow  -0.14c (Pounds 2014; Pounds et al. 2016) NuSTAR Observations  No UFO (Zoghbi + 2015) PG 1211+143: Chandra Observations PG 1211+143: Chandra Observations Chandra Grating Observations  High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG; PI: J.C. Lee)  6 observations over 9 days ~ 433 ks  H- and He-like Ne, Mg, S ions: -0.06c  UV observations with HST COS  Radio observations with VLA
6. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 6 PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling Continuum Modelings in ISIS Beckmann & Shrader 2012 (diskbb + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs Hot Corona K-shell Iron Disk Black-body PG 1211+143 Ionized Absorber (XSTAR)
7. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 7  XSTARDB & XSTAR2XSPEC  XSTAR Parallelization: MPI_XSTAR github.com/xstarkit/mpi_xstar  warmabs Parallelization: slmpi_emcee github.com/mcfit/slmpi_emcee  Physical Conditions (free parameters):  Column density (N H ~ 21-24)  Ionization parameter (ξ ~ 0-5)  Number density (n ~12 in AGNs)  Ionizing SED (Radio+IR+Opt+UV+X-ray) PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling Photo-emission, Ionized absorption XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004) (diskbb + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs SED of PG 1211+143
8. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 8 PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling PG 1211+143 Chandra Observations (PI J.C. Lee) Ionized Absorber at -0.06c Ionized Absorber Danehkar, et al. 2017, ApJ, submitting soon
9. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 9 PG 1211+143: MCMC Confidence Maps PG 1211+143: MCMC Confidence Maps Ionization paramet er Gas density Luminosity (0.0136- 13.6 keV) Radius Column density Shell thicknes s Danehkar, et al. 2017, ApJ, submitting soon ~ -0.06c
10. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 10 PG 1211+143: UV Observations PG 1211+143: UV Observations Absorption - 0.06c  HST Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS)  UV Lyα wide absorption line, possible counterpart to X-ray absorber  The same outflow velocity (-0.06c)  log N H I > 14.5 (log N H ~ 21)  log ξ ~ 2.6 Tombesi + 2013 Kriss, et al. 2017, ApJ, submitting soon
11. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 11 Summary Summary  Seyfert I galaxies  WAs: typically H-like & He-like O, Ne, Mg, Si & S ions low velocity < 10,000 km/s  UFOs: typically H-like & He-like Fe high velocity > 10,000 km/s, usually ~ 0.1– 0.4c  X-ray Chandra of PG1211+143  6 observations over 9 days ~ 433 ks  UV observations with HST COS  Radio observations with VLA  Photoionization Modeling of PG1211+143  X-ray ionized absorber  Ionization parameter: log ξ ~ 2.8  Column density: log N H ~ 21.5  Outflow velocity: -0.06c  HST COS/UV of PG 1211+143  UV Lyα absorption: outflow velocity -0.06c  Possible counterpart to X-ray absorber PG 1211+143
12. Thank you for your attention Thank you for your attention Background: HST image of PG1211
13. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 13 Ionization parameter PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004) Gas density Luminosity (0.0136- 13.6 keV) Radius Column density Shell thicknes s Outflow velocity BH mass (Haring & Rix 2004) σ = 4.4 (Kormendy & Ho 2013)
14. May 18th, 2017 NERQUAM2017, Boston University 14 PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling PG 1211+143: Photoionization Modeling Thermal Stability Curve and Ion Fraction Plots