KotlinにおけるFactoryメソッド実装パターン

1. Kotlinʹ͓͚ΔFactoryϝιουͷ ࣮૷ύλʔϯ Server-Side Kotlin Study #2 2021/09/22 খࢁ݈ଠ(Kenta Koyama) @doyaaaaaaken
2. ࣗݾ঺հ • ࢓ࣄ • גࣜձࣾsmartround ૑ۀϝϯόʔ / CTO • αʔόαΠυKotlinʢKtorʣɾVueJSΛࠓ͸Α͘ॻ͍͍ͯ·͢ • OSS׆ಈ • kotlin-csvͷ࡞ऀʢ⭐: 300overʣ • KtorɾExposedɾkotest౳΁ͷίϯτϦϏϡʔτ
3. ࿩͢಺༰ Kotlinʹ͓͚ΔFactoryϝιουͷ࣮૷ύλʔϯ ʹ͍ͭͯ঺հ ࢀߟɿEffective Kotlin ɹɹɹItem33: Consider factory functions instead of constructors
4. ͜ͷൃද಺ʹ͓͚Δ”Factoryϝιου”ͷఆٛ ʰΠϯελϯεੜ੒Λߦ͏ͨΊͷϝιουʱͱ͍͏ఆٛͰଊ͍͑ͯͩ͘͞ ※ GoFʹΑΔσβΠϯύλʔϯͷ”Factoryύλʔϯ”ͱ͸ҟͳΓ·͢ ʰίϯετϥΫλͷ௚઀ݺͼग़͠ʹΑΔΠϯελϯεੜ੒ʱͰ͸ͳ͘ ʰϝιουܦ༝ͰͷΠϯελϯεੜ੒ํ๏ʢʹFactoryϝιουʣʱΛ ࢖͏΂͖࣌ɾ࢖͍ํʹ͍ͭͯͷ঺հͰ͢
5. ໨࣍ 1. ίϯετϥΫλΑΓFactoryϝιου͕༏Ε͍ͯΔ఺ 5ͭ 2. KotlinͰͷFactoryϝιου࣮૷ͷॻ͖ํ 5ύλʔϯ
6. ໨࣍ 1. ίϯετϥΫλΑΓFactoryϝιου͕༏Ε͍ͯΔ఺ 5ͭ 2. KotlinͰͷFactoryϝιου࣮૷ͷॻ͖ํ 5ύλʔϯ
7. ᶃ: ϝιουʹ໊લ͕͚ͭΒΕΔ
8. ᶄ: ฦΓ஋ΛαϒλΠϓʹͰ͖Δ
9. ᶅ: ඞͣ͠΋Πϯελϯεੜ੒͠ͳͯ͘ྑ͍
10. ᶆ: ՄࢹੑΛॊೈʹ੍ޚͰ͖Δ
11. ᶇ: Ҿ਺Λ޷͖ʹఆٛͰ͖Δ
12. ͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ Factoryϝιου͸ίϯετϥΫλͱൺֱͯ͠ॊೈੑ͕ߴ͍ͨΊ έʔεʹԠͯ͡࢖͏͜ͱΛݕ౼͢Δͱྑ͍ <ݸਓతݟղ> • ίϯετϥΫλΛ࢖͏ͱྑ͍έʔε • γϯϓϧ͞Λ௥ٻ͍ͨ͠έʔεʢdata classͰDTO࡞Δ͚ͩͷ࣌ͱ͔యܕྫʣ • FactoryϝιουΛ࢖͏ͱྑ͍έʔε • ॊೈੑΛ΋͍ͨͤͨέʔε • Πϯελϯεੜ੒ํ๏͕ෳ਺ύλʔϯ͋ΔέʔεʢηΧϯμϦίϯετϥΫλ࢖͏ΑΓ͸Factoryϝιουͷ΄͏໊͕લͱ ͔͔Βҙਤ͕Θ͔Γ΍͍͢ʣ • Πϯελϯεੜ੒ϩδοΫ͕ෳࡶͳέʔεʢͦ΋ͦ΋ίϯετϥΫλͩͱ࣮ݱͰ͖ͳ͍έʔεʣ • Πϯελϯεੜ੒ํ๏Λ͋Δఔ౓੍ݶ͍ͨ͠έʔεʢίϯετϥΫλͩͱࣗ༝౓͕ߴ͗͢Δͱײ͡Δέʔεʣ
13. ໨࣍ 1. ίϯετϥΫλΑΓFactoryϝιου͕༏Ε͍ͯΔ఺ 5ͭ 2. KotlinͰͷFactoryϝιου࣮૷ͷॻ͖ํ 5ύλʔϯ
14. ᶃ Companion Object Factory Function • Javaͷstaticؔ਺ͱࣅ͍ͯΔҰ൪ΦʔιυοΫεͳॻ͖ํ
15. ᶄ Top-Level Factory Function • listOf, mapOfͱ͔͸͜ͷύλʔϯ • publicʹͯ͠ϓϩδΣΫτશମͰ࢖͏utilityؔ਺ʹ΋ • privateʹͯ͠ϑΝΠϧ಺ͰͷΈ༗ޮͳFactoryؔ਺ʹ΋
16. ᶅ Extension Factory Function • companion object͕ʢྫ͑͹ϥΠϒϥϦ಺ʹ͋ΔͳͲͯ͠ʣमਖ਼Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ͱ͖ʹ༗༻
17. ᶆ Fake Constructors
18. ᶇ Methods on Factory Class • ͍ΘΏΔBuilderύλʔϯ • KotlinͩͱBuilderύλʔϯΛ࢖͏΂͖έʔε͸গͳ͍ʢ໊લ෇͖Ҿ਺ɾσϑΥϧτҾ਺Ͱ୅ସՄೳʣ
19. ݸਓతݟղ • جຊతʹ͸ύλʔϯᶃɾᶄͷΈͰे෼ • ଞͷύλʔϯ͸಄ͷମૢ • ʰͲͷύλʔϯʹ͢Δ͔ʱΑΓ΋ ʰίϯετϥΫλʹ͢Δ͔Factoryϝιουʹ͢Δ͔ʱͷ΄͏͕େࣄ
20. ձࣾએ఻ smartroundͰ͸ݱࡏΤϯδχΞΛઈࢍืू͍ͯ͠·͢ʂʢ˞෭ۀՄɾϑϧϦϞʔτʣ ࿩͚ͩฉ͖͍ͨํ΋େ׻ܴͳͷͰWantedlyɾTwitter DM͔Β͓ؾܰʹ͝Ԡื͍ͩ͘͞ʂ ɾελʔτΞοϓ1,800ࣾɾ౤ࢿՈ100͕ࣾར༻ ɾKotlinɾVue.jsɾAWSΛར༻ ɾࣾһ਺10໊௒ͷϑΣʔζͰݱࡏੵۃ࠾༻த
21. ͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ @doyaaaaaken