Presentation at ICC'11 in Paris by Guillaume Touya on CollaGen

Transcript

1. 1 CollaGen: Collaboration between Automatic Cartographic Generalisation Processes Guillaume Touya, Cécile Duchêne COGIT Lab IGN France International Cartographic Conference 2011
2. Background 2 Cartographic Generalisation Before generalisation Symbolised for 1:50 000 After generalisation Generalisation Initial data Map
3. Background 3 Many automatic cartographic generalisation processes But… Adapted to a specific landscape AGENT [Ruas 99], [Barrault et al 01] Adapted to urban areas
4. Background 4 Many automatic cartographic generalisation processes But… Adapted to a specific landscape AGENT [Ruas 99], [Barrault et al 01] Adapted to urban areas Adapted to a specific theme "MIP aggregation" [Haunert 08] Adapted to Land Use
5. Background 5 Many automatic cartographic generalisation processes But… Adapted to a specific conflict Elastic Beams [Bader 01] Adapted to road overlapping conflicts
6. Background 6 Many automatic cartographic generalisation processes But… Adapted to a specific conflict Elastic Beams [Bader 01] Adapted to road overlapping conflicts Adapted to a mix of landscape, theme and conflict Simulated annealing [Ware et al 03] Adapted to proximities in cities
7. Background 7 • Great diversity of generalisation processes • No process able to solve all generalisation problems • Very different ways to parameterise a process • How to benefit from the diversity to generalise complete maps ?
8. Objectives 8 • Make generalisation processes collaborate Process 1 on Process 3 Process 4 Process 1 Process 2 Process 2 on Process 3 on Process 4 on
9. Objectives 9 • Make generalisation processes collaborate Process 1 on Process 3 Process 4 Process 1 Process 2 Process 2 on Process 3 on Process 4 on Collaborative Generalisation
10. Collaborative Generalisation Requirements (Touya et al, 2010) Interoperability Management 10
11. Collaborative Generalisation Requirements 11 (Touya et al, 2010) Interoperability Management Constraints model standard format
12. Collaborative Generalisation Requirements 12 (Touya et al, 2010) Interoperability Management Translation Constraints mechanisms model standard format
13. Collaborative Generalisation Requirements 13 (Touya et al, 2010) Interoperability Management Translation Constraints mechanisms model Ontology standard format
14. Collaborative Generalisation Requirements 14 (Touya, 2010) Urban space Rurban space Automatically build spaces relevant for generalisation
15. Presentation outline • Background and Objectives • CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration • Choice of a Space • Choice of a Process • Online Observation • Step-by-step Evaluation • Side Effects Management • Results • Conclusion and Future Plans 15
16. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 16 conductor AGENT CartACom Beams GAEL space agents register observator process agents
17. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 17 • creates spaces conductor AGENT CartACom Beams GAEL space agents register observator process agents • subscribes to the register with metadata
18. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 18 • chooses a space conductor AGENT CartACom Beams GAEL space agents register observator process agents
19. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration conductor 19 • evaluates itself • requests to the register AGENT CartACom Beams GAEL space agents register observator process agents
20. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 20 conductor AGENT CartACom Beams GAEL space agents observator • chooses the best process register process agents
21. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 21 • parameterises • applies on space conductor AGENT CartACom space agents Beams • observes if generalisation is OK • reacts if not OK GAEL register observator process agents
22. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 22 conductor • validates state AGENT CartACom Beams space agents • re-evaluates GAEL register observator process agents
23. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 23 • detects side effects • corrects side effects conductor AGENT CartACom Beams GAEL space agents register observator process agents
24. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation 24 Side Effects management
25. Choice of a space Orchestration infered on partial knowledge 25
26. Choice of a space 26 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge 5 steps and rules to chain them Schema Generalisation Geometry Collapses Selection Cartographic Generalisation Graphic Generalisation
27. Choice of a space 27 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge 5 steps and rules to chain them Schema Generalisation Geometry Collapses Selection Cartographic Generalisation Graphic Generalisation Inside a step: some rules to choose spaces « road network rural spaces »
28. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation 28 Side Effects management
29. Choice of a process Constraints monitors related to each constraint •building min area • maintain road shape • min proximity b/w roads and buildings Monitor for building min area Monitor for road shape Monitor for proximity localise 29
30. Choice of a process 30 Constraints monitors related to each constraint •building min area • maintain road shape • min proximity b/w roads and buildings Monitor for building min area Perfectly satisfied monitor Monitor for road shape Moderately satisfied monitor Monitor for proximity Non satisfied monitor Generalisation localise evaluate Monitors are used in all the next steps of CollaGen
31. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 31
32. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 32 Process 1 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:50000 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘building minimum area’ (5)
33. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) 33 Process 1 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:50000 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Process 2 Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 Pre-conditions: • roads (4/5) • rivers (2/5) Process 3 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (3/5) • mountain (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:35000 Post-conditions: • ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) • ‘relative positioning b/w buildings’ (3) Post-conditions: • ‘maintain initial shape’ • ‘avoid coaslescence’ Process 4 Pre-conditions: • rural (5/5) Scale Range: Up to : 1:25000 Post-conditions: • ‘building minimum area’ • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ • ‘proximity building/road’ • ‘parallelism building/road’
34. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) 34 Process 1 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:50000 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Process 2 Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 Pre-conditions: • roads (4/5) • rivers (2/5) Process 3 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (3/5) • mountain (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:35000 Post-conditions: • ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) • ‘relative positioning b/w buildings’ (3) Post-conditions: • ‘maintain initial shape’ • ‘avoid coaslescence’ Process 4 Pre-conditions: • rural (5/5) Scale Range: Up to : 1:25000 Filtering by pre-conditions Post-conditions: • ‘building minimum area’ • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ • ‘proximity building/road’ • ‘parallelism building/road’
35. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) 35 Process 1 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:50000 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Process 2 Pre-conditions: • roads (4/5) • rivers (2/5) Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 Process 3 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (3/5) • mountain (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:35000 Post-conditions: • ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) • ‘relative positioning b/w buildings’ (3) Post-conditions: • ‘maintain initial shape’ • ‘avoid coaslescence’ Process 4 Pre-conditions: • rural (5/5) Scale Range: Up to : 1:25000 Filtering by scale Post-conditions: • ‘building minimum area’ • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ • ‘proximity building/road’ • ‘parallelism building/road’
36. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) 36 Process 1 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:50000 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Process 2 Pre-conditions: • roads (4/5) • rivers (2/5) Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 Process 3 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (3/5) • mountain (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:35000 Post-conditions: • ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) • ‘relative positioning b/w buildings’ (3) Post-conditions: • ‘maintain initial shape’ • ‘avoid coaslescence’ Process 4 Pre-conditions: • rural (5/5) Scale Range: Up to : 1:25000 Ranking by relevance Post-conditions: • ‘building minimum area’ • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ • ‘proximity building/road’ • ‘parallelism building/road’
37. Choice of a process 20 monitors in rural space (importance): • 1 ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • 5 ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • 4 ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • 5 ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • 5 ‘building minimum area’ (5) 37 Process 1 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:50000 2 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain building alignments’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) Rural Space Process 2 Pre-conditions: • roads (4/5) • rivers (2/5) Scale: 1: 15000 -> 1: 50000 Process 3 Pre-conditions: • rural (4/5) • urban (3/5) • mountain (2/5) Scale Range 1:15000 à 1:35000 Post-conditions: • ‘proximity building/road’ (4) • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ (5) • ‘parallelism building/road’ (3) • ‘building minimum area’ (5) • ‘relative positioning b/w buildings’ (3) 1 Post-conditions: • ‘maintain initial shape’ • ‘avoid coaslescence’ Process 4 Pre-conditions: • rural (5/5) Scale Range: Up to : 1:25000 Ranking by relevance Post-conditions: • ‘building minimum area’ • ‘proximity b/w buildings’ • ‘proximity building/road’ • ‘parallelism building/road’
38. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation 38 Side Effects management
39. Online Observation During the generalisation of a space agent Which monitor sample? Space Agent Observator Agent Monitor (Satisfied) 39
40. Online Observation During the generalisation of a space agent Which monitor sample? Space Agent Observator Agent Monitor (Satisfied) 40
41. Online Observation During the generalisation of a space agent Which monitor sample? Space Agent Observator Agent Monitor (Satisfied) Unsatisfied Monitor During generalisation 41
42. Online Observation During the generalisation of a space agent Which monitor sample? Space Agent Observator Agent Analysis Monitor (Satisfied) Unsatisfied Monitor Triangulation 42
43. Online Observation 43 During the generalisation of a space agent Which monitor sample? Space Agent Observator Agent Analysis Monitor (Satisfied) Unsatisfied Monitor Triangulation Observed conflict area new subspace agent
44. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation 44 Side Effects management
45. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Evaluation 45 Side Effects management Perfect generalisation Online observation
46. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 46 Good generalisation Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation Side Effects management
47. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration 47 Bad generalisation Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation Side Effects management
48. Step-by-step Evaluation 48 • 3 criteria for evaluating state validity : Improvement in comparison to previous state Monitors number 25 20 15 before after 10 5 0 Monitors satisfaction Satisfied Medium Non satisfied
49. Step-by-step Evaluation 49 • 3 criteria for evaluating state validity : Improvement in comparison to previous state Internal Quality ‘building proximity’ satisfied medium ‘road/building proximity’ Post-conditions: ‘building minimum area’ • ‘building minimum area’ ‘forest granularity’ • ‘building proximity’ ‘road/building orientation’ • ‘road/building proximity’ non satisfied
50. Step-by-step Evaluation 50 • 3 criteria for evaluating state validity : Improvement in comparison to previous state Internal Quality Global Quality satisfied medium non satisfied Use the mean and the standard deviation of monitor satisfactions
51. CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration Choice of a space Choice of a process generalisation Online observation Evaluation 51 Side Effects management
52. Plan • Background and Objectives • CollaGen: Collaboration by Orchestration • Results • Conclusion and Future Plans 52
53. Results 1: 15k to 1:50k map (9 processes and ~50 spaces) 53
54. Results 1: 15k to 1:50k map (9 processes and ~50 spaces) 54
55. Results 55 Comparison with benchmark results (Stöter et al, 2010) initial CollaGen
56. Results 56 Comparison with benchmark results (Stöter et al, 2010) initial CollaGen 2 1 Clarity
57. Results 57 Comparison with benchmark results (Stöter et al, 2010) initial CollaGen 2 1 CPT
58. Conclusion CollaGen allows automatic orchestration of generalisation processes with good results 58
59. Conclusion CollaGen allows automatic orchestration of generalisation processes with good results • Orchestration inference with partial knowledge 59
60. Conclusion CollaGen allows automatic orchestration of generalisation processes with good results • Orchestration inference with partial knowledge • Generalisation process register 60
61. Conclusion CollaGen allows automatic orchestration of generalisation processes with good results • Orchestration inference with partial knowledge • Generalisation process register • Online observation and dynamic correction 61
62. Conclusion CollaGen allows automatic orchestration of generalisation processes with good results • Orchestration inference with partial knowledge • Generalisation process register • Online observation and dynamic correction • Global and generic evaluation methods 62
63. Conclusion CollaGen allows automatic orchestration of generalisation processes with good results • Orchestration inference with partial knowledge • Generalisation process register • Online observation and dynamic correction • Global and generic evaluation methods • Side effects management system 63
64. Future Plans • Improve the side effects management • Improve the global evaluation 64
65. Future Plans • Improve the side effects management • Improve the global evaluation • Test CollaGen for various applications • Extend CollaGen to Web service processes 65
66. 66 CollaGen: Collaboration between Automatic Cartographic Generalisation Processes Thanks for your attention ! Questions ? Guillaume Touya guillaume.touya@ign.fr
67. Choice of a space 67 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
68. Choice of a space 68 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
69. Choice of a space 69 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
70. Choice of a space 70 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
71. Choice of a space 71 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
72. Choice of a space 72 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
73. Choice of a space 73 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
74. Choice of a space 74 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start
75. Choice of a space 75 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start End
76. Choice of a space 76 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start End
77. Choice of a space 77 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start End
78. Choice of a space 78 Orchestration infered on partial knowledge (R1). (R2). (R3). (R4). start urban spaces urban spaces road network road network rural spaces mountain spaces end Space Agents rural roads rurban mountain urban Start End
79. Side Effects management 79 • Conflicts at the space neighbourhood River network generalisation • Problems of global harmony (a) (a) (b) (b) Generalisation before after same building density (b) more dense than (a)
80. Side Effects management 80 Side effects are… • identified by specific monitors • corrected by diffusion, deformation or arbitration