Intégrer les formulaires et la validation Symfony dans vos applications PHP.

Les formulaires sont partout et sont aussi des composants importants d'une application. Ils permettent en effet aux utilisateurs d'interagir avec votre système d'informations. Cependant, la conception et la validation des formulaires ne sont pas des tâches si aisées qu'elles n'y paraissent. Le but de cette conférence est de vous aider à tirer profit des composants de formulaire et de validation du framework Symfony. Nous aborderons les aspects d'architecture des formulaires, les concepts fondamentaux ainsi que quelques usages avancés comme les formulaires imbriqués et les collections. Nous passerons aussi en revue les différentes manières de valider des données avec le composant de validation. Vous serez ainsi en mesure d'intégrer ces deux composants majeurs du framework Symfony dans vos propres applications PHP.

Transcript

1. Intégrer les formulaires et
   la validation Symfony
   dans vos applications PHP
   .
   Hugo HAMON – SymfonyLive - Paris 2013
   

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2. Biographie…
   Hugo HAMON
   Responsable des formations SensioLabs
   Auteur chez Eyrolles
   Conférencier
   Contributeur à Symfony
   @hhamon
   

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3. SensioLabs
   A la recherche
   d’un job ?
   

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4. Introduction
   Formulaires & Validation
   

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5. Pourquoi la
   gestion des
   formulaires
   est-elle si
   compliquée ?
   

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6. Formulaires
   Architecture
   

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8. Cœur du système de formulaire
   Core CSRF DI
   Doctrine Propel
   Twig PHP Smarty …
   Zend …
   Rendu
   Extensions
   Fondation
   

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9. Démarrage
   {
   "require": {
   "doctrine/common": "2.*",
   "symfony/form": "2.2.*",
   "symfony/yaml": "2.2.*",
   "symfony/http-foundation": "2.2.*",
   "symfony/validator": "2.2.*",
   "symfony/config": "2.2.*",
   "symfony/translation": "2.2.*",
   "symfony/twig-bridge": "2.2.*"
   }
   }
   

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10. use Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Form\TwigRendererEngine;
    use Symfony\Component\Form\Forms;
    use Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Extension\FormExtension;
    use Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Form\TwigRenderer;
    // Define some constants to the main resources
    define('VENDOR_DIR', realpath(__DIR__ . '/../vendor'));
    define('DEFAULT_FORM_THEME', 'form_div_layout.html.twig');
    define('VENDOR_TWIG_BRIDGE_DIR', VENDOR_DIR . '/symfony/twig-bridge/Symfony/Bridge/Twig');
    define('VIEWS_DIR', realpath(__DIR__ . '/../views'));
    // Initialize a Twig compatible rendering engine
    $twig = new Twig_Environment(new Twig_Loader_Filesystem(array(
    VIEWS_DIR,
    VENDOR_TWIG_BRIDGE_DIR . '/Resources/views/Form',
    )));
    $formEngine = new TwigRendererEngine(array(DEFAULT_FORM_THEME));
    $formEngine->setEnvironment($twig);
    // Register the Twig Form extension
    $twig->addExtension(new FormExtension(new TwigRenderer($formEngine)));
    // Set up the Form component
    $formFactoryBuilder = Forms::createFormFactoryBuilder();
    $formFactory = $formFactoryBuilder->getFormFactory();
    

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11. Formulaires
    Les fondamentaux
    

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12. Créer un formulaire simple
    $form = $formFactory
    ->createBuilder()
    ->add('name')
    ->add('bio', 'textarea')
    ->add('gender', 'choice', array(
    'choices' => array(
    'm' => 'Male',
    'f' => 'Female'
    ),
    ))
    ->getForm();
    

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13. Créer un formulaire simple
    

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14. Vue arborescente du formulaire
    form   form bio   textarea
    name   text
    gender   choice
    Nom du champ   Type de champ  
    

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15. Traitement du formulaire
    $name = $form->getName();
    if (!empty($_POST[$name])) {
    $form->bind($_POST[$name]);
    $data = $form->getData();
    print_r($data);
    }
    

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16. Association avec un tableau
    $data['name']
    $data['bio']
    $data['gender']
    

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17. Préremplissage du formulaire
    $form->setData(array(
    'name' => 'Jane Smith',
    'bio' => 'I do great things!',
    'gender' => 'f',
    ));
    

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18. Préremplissage du formulaire
    Jane Smith
    I do great things!
    Female
    

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19. Formulaires
    Types de champ natifs
    

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20. Types de champ natifs
    §  Birthday
    §  Checkbox
    §  Choice
    §  Collection*
    §  Country
    §  Date
    §  DateTime
    §  File
    §  Hidden
    §  Integer
    §  Language
    §  Locale
    §  Money
    §  Number
    §  Password
    §  Percent
    §  Radio
    §  Repeated*
    §  Search
    §  Textarea
    §  Text
    §  Time
    §  Timezone
    §  Url
    

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21. Types de champ natifs
    Text Choice Password File
    Form
    Date
    Country Language Timezone Birthday DateTime
    …
    

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22. Le champ répété
    $builder
    ->add('name')
    ->add('password', 'repeated', array(
    'type' => 'password',
    'invalid_message' => 'Passwords do not match.',
    'first_options' => array('label' => 'Password'),
    'second_options' => array('label' => 'Confirmation'),
    ))
    ->add('bio', 'textarea')
    // [...]
    ->getForm()
    ;
     
    

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23. Le type « répété » est
    rendu sous la forme de
    deux champs de saisie de
    mot de passe.
    

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24. Formulaires
    Rendu des formulaires
    

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25. Afficher un formulaire
    // PHP rendering
    echo $engine->render('profile.php', array(
    'form' => $form->createView(),
    ));
    // Twig rendering
    echo $twig->render('profile.twig', array(
    'form' => $form->createView(),
    ));
    

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26. Prototypage du rendu (PHP)
    
    
    Your profile
    widget($form) ?>
    
    
    Save changes
    Cancel
    
    
    

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27. Prototypage du rendu (Twig)
    
    
    Your profile
    {{ form_widget(form) }}
    
    
    Save changes
    Cancel
    
    
    

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28. 
    class="required">Name
    name="form[name]"
    required="required"
    value="Jane Smith" />
    
    Prototypage du rendu
    

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29. // Form rendering
    enctype($form) ?>
    widget($form) ?>
    errors($form) ?>
    rest($form) ?>
    // Field rendering
    row($form['bio']) ?>
    errors($form['bio']) ?>
    label($form['bio']) ?>
    widget($form['bio'], array(
    'attr' => array('class' => 'editor'),
    )) ?>
    Rendu personnalisé (PHP)
    

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30. {# General rendering #}
    {{ form_enctype(form) }}
    {{ form_widget(form) }}
    {{ form_errors(form) }}
    {{ form_rest(form) }}
    {# Field rendering #}
    {{ form_row(form.bio) }}
    {{ form_errors(form.bio) }}
    {{ form_label(form.bio, 'Biography') }}
    {{ form_widget(form.bio, { 'attr': { 'class': 'editor' }}) }}
    Rendu personnalisé (Twig)
    

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31. Formulaires
    Association avec des objets
    

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32. Association des propriétés publiques
    class Person
    {
    public $name;
    public $password;
    public $bio;
    public $gender;
    }
    

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33. Association des propriétés publiques
    $person = new Person();
    $person->name = 'John Doe';
    $person->password = 'S3cR3T$1337';
    $person->bio = 'Born in 1970...';
    $person->gender = 'm';
    $person->active = true;
    // The form reads & writes
    // the person object
    $form->setData($person);
    

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34. Association des propriétés privées
    class Person
    {
    private $name;
    // ...
    function setName($name) { $this->name = $name; }
    function getName() { return $this->name; }
    }
    

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35. Association des propriétés privées
    class Person
    {
    private $active;
    // ...
    public function isActive()
    {
    return $this->active;
    }
    }
    

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36. Association des propriétés privées
    $person = new Person();
    $person->setName('John Doe');
    $person->setPassword('S3cR3T$1337');
    $person->setBio('Born in 1970...');
    $person->setGender('m');
    $person->setActive(true);
    // The form reads & writes
    // the person object
    $form->setData($person);
    

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37. Association du type de données
    $form = $formFactory
    ->createBuilder('form', $person, array(
    'data_class' => 'Person',
    ))
    // ...
    ->getForm()
    ;
    

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38. Formulaires
    Protection CSRF
    

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39. Activer la protection CSRF
    # bootstrap.php
    // ...
    use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Csrf\CsrfExtension;
    use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Csrf\CsrfProvider\DefaultCsrfProvider;
    use Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Form\TwigRenderer;
    define('CSRF_SECRET', 'c2ioeEU1n48QF2WsHGWd2HmiuUUT6dxr');
    // Set up the CSRF provider
    $csrfProvider = new DefaultCsrfProvider(CSRF_SECRET);
    $renderer = new TwigRenderer($formEngine, $csrfProvider);
    // ...
    $formFactory = $formFactoryBuilder
    ->addExtension(new CsrfExtension($csrfProvider))
    ->getFormFactory();
    

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40. Activer la protection CSRF
    
    
    Your profile
    
    
    
    
    
    
    Save changes
    Cancel
    
    
    

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41. Formulaires
    Type de formulaire
    personnalisé
    

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42. Créer un type personnalisé
    use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;
    use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolverInterface;
    class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
    {
    $resolver->setDefaults(array('data_class' => 'Person'));
    }
    public function getName()
    {
    return 'person';
    }
    }
    

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43. // ...
    use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;
    class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    public function buildForm(
    FormBuilderInterface $builder,
    array $options
    )
    {
    $builder
    ->add('name')
    ->add('password', 'repeated', array(...))
    ->add('bio', 'textarea')
    ->add('gender', 'choice', array(...))
    ->add('active', 'checkbox')
    ;
    }
    }
    

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44. Créer un type personnalisé
    $person = new Person();
    $person->setName('John Doe');
    // ...
    $options = array('trim' => true);
    $form = $formFactory
    ->create(new PersonType(), $person, $options)
    ;
    

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45. Enregistrer un nouveau type
    # in your code...
    $form = $formFactory->create('person', $person);
    # bootstrap.php
    $formFactory = Forms::createFormFactoryBuilder()
    // [...]
    ->addType(new PersonType(), 'person')
    ->getFormFactory()
    ;
    

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46. Formulaires
    Gestion des fichiers
    

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47. Gérer l’envoi de fichiers
    # bootstrap.php
    // ...
    use Symfony\…\HttpFoundation\HttpFoundationExtension;
    $formFactoryBuilder = Forms::createFormFactoryBuilder()
    $formFactory = $formFactoryBuilder
    ->addExtension(new HttpFoundationExtension())
    // [...]
    ->getFormFactory()
    ;
    

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48. Gérer l’envoi de fichiers
    class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, …)
    {
    $builder
    // […]
    ->add('picture', 'file', array(
    'required' => false,
    ))
    ->add('active', 'checkbox')
    ;
    }
    }
    

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49. Générer l’attribut « enctype »
    
    
    
    

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50. Traiter le formulaire
    use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
    $request = Request::createFromGlobals()
    $request->overrideGlobals();
    if ($request->isMethod('POST')) {
    $form->bind($request);
    var_dump($form->getData());
    }
    

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51. Traiter le formulaire
    object(Person)
    private 'name' => 'John Doe'
    private 'picture' =>
    object(Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\File\UploadedFile)
    private 'test' => false
    private 'originalName' => '445.jpg'
    private 'mimeType' => 'image/jpeg'
    private 'size' => 21645
    private 'error' => 0
    private 'password' => 'secret'
    private 'bio' => 'Famous actor!'
    private 'gender' => 'm'
    private 'active' => true
    

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52. Traiter le formulaire
    $file = $form->get('picture')->getData();
    $target = __DIR__. '/uploads';
    if ($file->isValid()) {
    $new = $file->move($target, 'jdoe.jpg');
    }
    

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53. Formulaires
    Champs non associés
    

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54. Définir un champ non associé
    $builder
    ->add('rules', 'checkbox', array(
    'mapped' => false,
    ))
    ;
    

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55. array(
    'name' => 'John Doe'
    'password' => 'secret'
    'bio' => 'Actor!'
    'gender' => 'm'
    'picture' => null
    'active' => true
    )
    Champ non associé
    Pas de donnée
    « rules »
    

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56. Formulaires
    Collections de champs
    

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57. Définir une collection de champs
    $builder
    // ...
    ->add('hobbies', 'collection', array(
    'allow_add' => true,
    'allow_delete' => true,
    ))
    // ...
    ;
    

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58. Définir une collection de champs
    $person = new Person();
    $person->setName('John Doe');
    $person->addHobby('music');
    $person->addHobby('movies');
    $person->addHobby('travels');
    

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59. Définir une collection de champs
    

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60. Conventions de nommage
    class Person
    {
    public function addHobby($hobby)
    {
    $this->hobbies[] = $hobby;
    }
    public function removeHobby($hobby)
    {
    $key = array_search($hobby, $this->hobbies);
    if (false !== $key) {
    unset($this->hobbies[$key]);
    }
    }
    }
    

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61. Prototype HTML d’ajout de champ
    

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62. Formulaires
    Formulaires imbriqués
    

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63. Imbriquer les formulaires
    class Address
    {
    private $street;
    private $zipCode;
    private $city;
    private $state;
    private $country;
    // ...
    }
    

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64. class AddressType extends AbstractType
    {
    public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
    {
    $builder
    ->add('street', 'textarea')
    ->add('zipCode')
    ->add('city')
    ->add('state')
    ->add('country', 'country')
    ;
    }
    public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
    {
    $resolver->setDefaults(array('data_class' => 'Address'));
    }
    public function getName()
    {
    return 'address';
    }
    }
    

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65. Imbriquer les formulaires
    class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, …)
    {
    $builder
    // ...
    ->add('address', new AddressType())
    ;
    }
    }
    

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66. Imbriquer les formulaires
    class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, …)
    {
    $builder
    // ...
    ->add('address', 'address')
    ;
    }
    }
    

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67. Imbriquer les formulaires
    $formBuilder = Forms::createFormFactoryBuilder();
    $formFactory = $formBuilder
    // ...
    ->addType(new AddressType(), 'address')
    ->addType(new PersonType(), 'person')
    ->getFormFactory()
    ;
    

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68. Vue arborescente du formulaire
    form   form bio   textarea
    name   text
    …   ...
    Champ   Type  
    address   Address
    zipCode   text
    address   textarea
    city   text
    country   country
    state   text
    

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69. Person Object
    (
    [name] => Hugo Hamon
    [picture] =>
    [username] => hhamon
    [password] => secret
    [address] => Address Object
    (
    [street] => 42 Sunshine Street
    [zipCode] => 12345
    [city] => Miami
    [state] => Florida
    [country] => US
    )
    [bio] => Speaker at conference
    [gender] => m
    [active] => 1
    [hobbies] => Array
    (
    [1] => movies
    [2] => travels
    [3] => conferences
    )
    )
    

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70. Formulaires
    I18N & L10N
    

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71. $builder
    ->add('birthdate', 'birthday', array('format' => 'd/M/y'))
    ->add('salary', 'money', array('currency' => 'EUR'))
    ->add('language', 'language', array(
    'preferred_choices' => array('fr'),
    )
    ->add('country', 'country', array(
    'preferred_choices' => array('FR'),
    )
    ->add('timezone', 'timezone', array(
    'preferred_choices' => array('Europe/Paris')
    )
    ;
    Types de champs régionalisés
    

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72. Locale: fr_FR
    Locale: en_US
    

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73. Formulaires
    Gestion des thèmes
    

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74. {% form_theme form _self %}
    {% block password_widget %}
    
    {{ block('field_widget') }}
    
    
    
    
    {% endblock password_widget %}
    Changer le rendu de tous les champs de
    saisie de mot de passe
    

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75. {% form_theme form _self %}
    {% block _person_username_widget %}
    
    {{ block('field_widget') }}
    
    
    
    
    {% endblock _person_username_widget %}
    Changer le rendu d’un champ précis
    

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76. Rendu personnalisé de champs
    

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77. Validation
    Le validateur
    

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78. // ...
    use Symfony\Component\Validator\Validation;
    use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Validator\ValidatorExtension;
    $validator = Validation::createValidatorBuilder()
    ->getValidator()
    ;
    $formFactoryBuilder = Forms::createFormFactoryBuilder()
    $formFactory = $formFactoryBuilder
    // ...
    ->addExtension(new ValidatorExtension($validator))
    ->getFormFactory()
    ;
    Configurer le validateur
    

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79. Contraintes & Validateurs
    Pour chaque règle de validation, le composant
    embarque une classe de type Constraint et sa
    classe Validator associée.
    L’objet Constraint décrit la règle à valider et
    l’objet Validator est l’implementation de la
    logique métier associée à cette règle.
    

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80. // ...
    use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\NotBlank as Assert;
    class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    public function buildForm(...)
    {
    $builder->add('name', 'text', array(
    'constraints' => array(
    new Assert\NotBlank(),
    new Assert\Length(array('min' => 5, 'max' => 40)),
    ),
    ));
    // ...
    }
    }
    Association des contraintes aux champs
    

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81. $genders = array('m' => 'Male', 'f' => 'Female');
    $builder->add('gender', 'choice', array(
    'choices' => $genders,
    'constraints' => array(
    new Assert\NotBlank(),
    new Assert\Choice(array(
    'choices' => array_keys($genders),
    'message' => 'Alien genders are not supported.',
    )),
    ),
    ));
    Association des contraintes aux champs
    

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82. Validation du formulaire
    $request = Request::createFromGlobals();
    $request->overrideGlobals();
    if ($request->isMethod('POST')) {
    $form->bind($request);
    if ($form->isValid()) {
    $data = $form->getData();
    // ... handle sanitized data
    }
    }
    

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83. Validation du formulaire
    

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84. Classes de contraintes natives
    §  All
    §  Blank
    §  Callback
    §  Choice
    §  Collection
    §  Count
    §  Country
    §  Date
    §  DateTime
    §  Email
    §  False
    §  File
    §  Image
    §  Ip
    §  Language
    §  Length
    §  Locale
    §  NotBlank
    §  NotNull
    §  Null
    §  Range
    §  Regex
    §  Time
    §  True
    §  Type
    §  Url
    §  Valid…
    

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85. Validation
    Formats de configuration
    

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86. # bootstrap.php
    // ...
    $validator = Validation::createValidatorBuilder()
    ->addMethodMapping('loadValidatorMetadata')
    ->addXmlMapping(__DIR__.'/config/validation.xml')
    ->addYamlMapping(__DIR__.'/config/validation.yml')
    ->enableAnnotationMapping()
    ->getValidator()
    ;
    Configurer le validateur
    

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87. use Symfony\Component\Validator\Mapping\ClassMetadata;
    use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\NotBlank;
    use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\Length;
    class Person
    {
    private $name;
    // ...
    public static function loadValidatorMetadata(ClassMetadata $metadata)
    {
    $metadata->addPropertyConstraint('name', new NotBlank());
    $metadata->addPropertyConstraint('name', new Length(array(
    'min' => 5,
    'max' => 40,
    )));
    // ...
    }
    }
    Configuration en PHP
    

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88. # src/config/validation.yml
    Person:
    properties:
    name:
    - NotBlank: ~
    - Length: { 'min': 5, 'max': 40 }
    # ...
    getters:
    # ...
    constraints:
    # ...
    Configuration en YAML
    

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89. 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    5
    40
    
    
    
    
    Configuration en XML
    

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90. use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;
    class Person
    {
    /**
    * @Assert\NotBlank()
    * @Assert\Length(min = 5, max = 40)
    */
    private $name;
    // ...
    }
    Configuration en annotations
    

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91. Validation
    Ajouter des contraintes
    

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92. Contraintes de propriétés
    use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\Image;
    class Person
    {
    private $picture;
    // ...
    static function loadValidatorMetadata(ClassMetadata $metadata)
    {
    $metadata->addPropertyConstraint('picture', new Image(array(
    'minWidth' => 100,
    'maxWidth' => 150,
    'minHeight' => 100,
    'maxHeight' => 150,
    )));
    // ...
    }
    }
    

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93. class Person
    {
    //...
    static function loadValidatorMetadata(ClassMetadata $metadata)
    {
    $metadata->addConstraint(new Unique(array(
    'field' => 'username',
    'message' => 'This username already exist.',
    )));
    //...
    }
    }
    Contraintes de classe
    

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94. use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\True;
    class Person
    {
    private $username;
    private $password;
    public static function loadValidatorMetadata(ClassMetadata $metadata)
    {
    $metadata->addGetterConstraint('passwordValid', new True(array(
    'message' => 'Password and username cannot be same.',
    )));
    // ...
    }
    public function isPasswordValid()
    {
    return strtolower($this->username) !== strtolower($this->password);
    }
    }
    Contraintes de méthodes
    

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95. Contraintes de méthodes
    Le message d’erreur
    remonte comme une
    erreur globale du
    formulaire.
    

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96. class PersonType extends AbstractType
    {
    public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
    {
    $resolver->setDefaults(array(
    'data_class' => 'Person',
    'error_mapping' => array('passwordValid' => 'password'),
    ));
    }
    }
    Associer une erreur globale à un champ
    

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97. Associer une erreur globale à un champ
    Le message d’erreur est
    désormais réaffecté au
    champ « password ».
    

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98. Validation
    Traduction des messages
    

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99. use Symfony\Component\Translation\Translator;
    use Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\XliffFileLoader;
    use Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Extension\TranslationExtension;
    $t = new Translator('fr');
    $t->addLoader('xlf', new XliffFileLoader());
    // Built in translations
    $t->addResource('xlf', FORM_DIR . '/Resources/translations/validators.fr.xlf', 'fr', 'validators');
    $t->addResource('xlf', VALIDATOR_DIR . '/Resources/translations/validators.fr.xlf', 'fr', 'validators');
    // Your translations
    $t->addResource('xlf', __DIR__. '/translations/validators.fr.xlf', 'fr', 'validators');
    // ...
    $twig->addExtension(new TranslationExtension($t));
    // ...
    Activer le support des traductions
    

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100. 
     
     original="file.ext">
     
     
     Password and username cannot be same.
     Le mot de passe et le nom d'utilisateur doivent
     être différents.
     
     
     
     
     Traduire les messages d’erreur
     

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101. Validation
     Configuration avancée
     

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102. Groupes de validation
     class Person
     {
     public static function loadValidatorMetadata(ClassMetadata $metadata)
     {
     $metadata->addPropertyConstraint('password', new NotBlank(array(
     'groups' => array('Signup'),
     )));
     $metadata->addGetterConstraint('passwordValid', new True(array(
     'message' => 'Password and username cannot be same.',
     'groups' => array('Signup', 'Profile'),
     )));
     // ...
     }
     }
     

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103. class RegistrationType extends AbstractType
     {
     public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
     {
     $resolver->setDefaults(array(
     // ...
     'validation_groups' => array('Signup'),
     ));
     }
     }
     class EditAccountType extends AbstractType
     {
     public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
     {
     $resolver->setDefaults(array(
     // ...
     'validation_groups' => array('Profile'),
     ));
     }
     }
     

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104. Conclusion
     

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105. Ressources officielles
     §  http://symfony.com/doc/current/book/forms.html
     §  http://symfony.com/doc/current/reference/forms/types.html
     §  http://symfony.com/doc/current/book/validation.html
     §  http://symfony.com/doc/current/reference/constraints.html
     §  http://symfony.com/doc/current/reference/forms/twig_reference.html
     §  https://github.com/bschussek/standalone-forms
     Ressources utiles
     

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106. Merci !
     Hugo Hamon
     hugo.hamon@sensiolabs.com
     @hhamon
     

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