SER332 Lecture 02

Introduction to Graphics and Game Development
Concepts
(201804)

Transcript

1. jgs SER332 Introduction to Graphics and Game Development Lecture 02: Concepts Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez javiergs@asu.edu PERALTA 230U Office Hours: By appointment
2. jgs Concepts
3. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 2 jgs Frame Buffer § Frame Buffer: memory used to store the image § Images are 2-dimensional arrays § Color is typically encoded as red-green-blue triple (RGB): 8 bit red, 8 bit green, 8 bit blue.
4. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 3 jgs Frame Buffer Resolution § Image: dimensions of the array § Monitor: number of points that can be displayed without overlap, e.g. 1600 x 1200 Display § Video Controller copies values: frame buffer to monitor
5. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 4 jgs bits per pixel Depth § number of bits per pixel in the (frame) buffer § typical: 3 * 8 = 24 bits for the color = true-color system § more bits for High Dynamic Range (HDR) displays § more bits for general purpose calculations: alpha (8bit), stencil(8bit), z-buffer(8 bits)
6. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 5 jgs Architecture Monitor Video Controller
7. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 6 jgs Key ideas
8. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 7 jgs Define Rendering: § The process of generating an image from a 2D or 3D model (or models in what collectively could be called a scene file), by means of computer programs. Rasterisation: § The task of taking an image described in a vector graphics format (shapes) and converting it into a raster image (pixels or dots)
9. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 8 jgs CRT Terms § Refresh Rate frequency at which an image is redrawn 60 Hz (CRT) / better 75 – 120 Hz § Raster scan § Horizontal Retrace before new scan line § Vertical Retrace before new frame
10. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 9 jgs CRT Terms Scan Line Pixel § picture element Aspect Ratio § 4:3 most monitors § 16:9 HDTV § 16:10 some monitors (show 2 pages of text side by side)
11. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 10 jgs Double Buffering while (not finished){ render frame t+1 in the back buffer display image t in the front buffer switch front and back buffer increase frame counter t } § Rendering is actively done by the software § Display is done by the monitor
12. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 11 jgs Test Yourself How many bits (total) for the frame buffer? § Double buffering § 8bit for RGBA § 8bit stencil § 8bit z-buffer
13. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 12 jgs Test Yourself How many bits (total) for the frame buffer? § Double buffering § 8bit for RGBA § 8bit stencil § 8bit z-buffer Answer: ( (8 + 8 + 8) * 2 + 8 + 8 + 8) * 1600 * 1200
14. Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez | SER332 | Spring 2018 | 13 jgs Homework Review Math, Geometry, and Programming Start planning: you are going to create a 3D shape connecting 50 points using lines. What object are you going to create? a car, a house, a robot, an spaceship, a ...
15. jgs SER332 Introduction to Graphics Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez javiergs@asu.edu Spring 2018 Disclaimer. These slides can only be used as study material for the class SER332 at ASU. They cannot be distributed or used for another purpose.