Laravel

Laravel The PHP Framework For Web Artisans

About me • Name: Kapil Sharma • Technical Architect at
Eastern Enterprise B.V. • Working in Web development since 12 years, mainly in PHP. • Twitter: @kapilsharmainfo • Facebook: /kapilsharmainfo • LinkedIn: kapilsharmainfo • Web: kapilsharma.info • Slides: speakerdeck.com/ kapilsharma 2

About PHP Reboot • PHP developers community in Pune, India.
• Conduct regular meet ups • meetup.com/phpreboot • phpreboot.com • Twitter: @phpreboot • Facebook: /PHReboot • Slack: phpreboot.signup.team 3 • Virtual team developing open source. • PHP Magazine at phpreboot.com. • PHPreboot.com is open source website • github.com/phpreboot/website • Issues: wafﬂe.io/phpreboot/ website • Contributions welcome.

Composer 4 Dependency Manager for PHP php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/ installer',
‘composer-setup.php');" php composer-setup.php sudo composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

Installing Laravel 5 Laravel installer: composer global require “laravel/installer” laraval
new <project-name> Composer: composer create-project laravel/laravel <project name> “5.1.*"

Initial settings • Writable permission to following folders: • storage/app
• storage/framework • storage/logs • bootstrap/cache • cp .env.example .env • php artisan key:generate 6

artisan • Command line tool to do few common tasks.
• php artisan list 7

Routing • Deﬁned in app/Http/routes.php • Loaded by App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider 8

Route - closure 9 Route::get(‘/',function() { return 'Hello World'; });
Route::post(‘foo/bar',function() { return 'Hello World'; }); Route::put(‘foo/bar',function() { // }); Route::delete(‘foo/bar',function() { // });

Route - Multiple verbs 10 Route::match([‘get','post'],'/',function() { return 'Hello World'; 
}); Route::any(‘foo’,function() { return 'Hello World';  }); $url = url('foo');

Routes - Parameters 11 Route::get(‘user/{id}’, function($id) { return 'User '.$id; 
}); Route::get(‘posts/{post}/comments/{comment}’, function($postId, $commentId) { // code  } ); Note: Route parameters cannot contain the - character. Use an underscore (_) instead.

Optional Parameters 12 Route::get(‘user/{name?}’, function($name=null) { return $name; }); Route::get(‘user/{name?}',
function($name=‘John') { return $name; });

Parameters Constraints 13 Route::get(‘user/{name}', function($name) { // })->where('name','[A-Za-z]+');   Route::get(‘user/{id}',
function($id) { // })->where('id','[0-9]+');   Route::get(‘user/{id}/{name}’, function($id, $name) { // })->where(['id'=>'[0-9]+','name'=>'[a-z]+']);  

Controllers 14 <?php  namespace App\Http\Controllers; use App\User; use App\Http\Controllers\Controller; class
UserController extends Controller { . public function showProfile($id)   { $user = User::findOrFail($id)];  return ‘Hello ‘ . $user->name;  } } Route::get('user/{id}','UserController@showProfile');

Request 15 <?php  namespace App\Http\Controllers; use Illuminate\Http\Request;   useIlluminate\Routing\Controller;  
class UserController extends Controller { public function store(Request $request) { $name = $request->input('name'); } }

Request 16 $uri=$request->path(); if($request->is('admin/*')){ $request->url(); $method=$request->method(); if($request->isMethod('post')){ if($request->has('name')){ $request->cookie('name'); $ﬁle=$request->ﬁle('photo');
if($request->hasFile('photo')){

Response 17 Route::get(‘/', function() { return 'Hello World';  }); use
Illuminate\Http\Response; Route::get(‘home', function() {  return (new Response($content, $status)) ->header('Content-Type', $value); }); Route::get(‘home', function() {  return response($content, $status)  ->header('Content-Type', $value); ->withCookie('name', 'value'); });

Views 18 <!—View stored in resources/views/greeting.php--> <html> <body> <h1>Hello, <?php
echo $name; ?></h1> </body> </html> Route::get('/', function () { return view('greeting', ['name' => 'Kapil']);   });

Blade • Simple, yet powerful template engine. • You can
use plain PHP in blade (Unlike most other template engines) • Parsed into plain php and cached, meaning zero overhead. • File name: *.blade.php • Mostly stored in resources/views 19

Layout 20 <!—Stored in resources/views/layouts/master.blade.php--> <html> <head> <title>App Name -
@yield(‘title')</title> </head> <body> @section('sidebar') This is the master sidebar. @show <div class=“container"> @yield('content') </div> </body> </html>

Template 21 <!—Stored in resources/views/child.blade.php—> @extends('layouts.master') @section('title','PageTitle') @section('sidebar') @@parent <p>This
is appended to the master sidebar.</p> @endsection @section('content') <p>This is my body content.</p> @endsection

Displaying data 22 Route::get(‘greeting', function() {  return view('welcome', ['name' =>
‘Samantha']); }); Hello, {{ $name }}. The current UNIX timestamp is {{ time() }}. Unescaped data Hello, {!! $name !!}.

if statement 23 @if (count($records)===1) I have one record! @elseif
(count($records)>1) I have multiple records! @else I don't have any records! @endif @unless (Auth::check()) You are not signed in. @endunless @if (!Auth::check()) You are not signed in. @endif

Loops 24 @for($i=0;$i<10;$i++)  The current value is {{ $i }}
@endfor @while(true)  <p>I'm looping forever.</p> @endwhile @foreach($users as $user)  <p>This is user {{ $user->id }}</p> @endforeach @forelse($users as $user) <li>{{ $user->name }}</li> @empty <p>No users</p> @endforelse

Configuration • DB Configuration in config/database.php 25 'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION',
'mysql'),  'connections' => [ 'mysql' => [ 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => env('DB_HOST', 'localhost'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''), 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', 'strict' => false, ], ]

Raw queries 26 class UserController extends Controller { /** *
Show a list of all of the application's users. * * @return Response */ public function index() { $users = DB::select('select * from users where active = ?', [1]); return view('user.index', ['users' => $users]); } } $results = DB::select('select * from users where id = :id', ['id' => 1]);

Migration & Seeder • Migrations are like version control for
database. • Seeder are used to add initial data in application, necessary for basic operations. 27

Eloquent • Eloquent ORM comes with Laravel by default •
Simple Active Record implementation • Each DB table have corresponding Model. • Model used to do CRUD operation on table. • Follows ‘Convention over conﬁguration’ principle. 28

Creating Model 29 php artisan make:model User php artisan make:model
User --migration php artisan make:model User -m

Model class 30 <?php    namespace App;    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
  class Flight extends Model {  // }

Model conventions • Model - singular, table - plural. user-users
• protected $table = ‘my_users’; • Primary key = id • protected $id = ‘user_id’; • Eloquent expect ‘created_at’ & ‘updated_at’ columns • public $timestamps = false; 31

Query 32 $users = User::all(); foreach ($users as $user) {
echo $user->name;  } @foreach ($users as $user) {{ $user->name }} @endforeach $ﬂights=App\Flight::where('active',1) ->orderBy('name', 'desc') ->take(10) ->get();

Insert 33 public function saveFlight(Request $request) { // Validate the
request... $flight = new Flight; $flight->name = $request->name; $flight->save(); }

Update 34 $flight = App\Flight::find(1);    $flight->name = ‘NewFlightName';  
$flight->save();

Delete 35 $flight = App\Flight::find(1);  $flight->delete();

MVC? 36 Model-View-Controller? Separation of concerns?

MVC 37 Where is business logic?

What is Business logic? 38 request/route: Get all active users
What is active users? This question is answered by business logic. Where should we place business logic? Controller? Against DRY. Can duplicate code. Views? Obviously NO. Models? No, model means data. BL is not data. Service Layer

Service layer 39 Client Controller Models DB Request getAdmin Users()
select * from users where role = ‘admin’ Service Fetch data call view Response Seems OK? No, we still have a problem. View

Repository 40 Client Controller MySQL Models DB Request getAdmin Users()
Service Fetch data call view Response Seems OK? No, we still have a problem. Repository SQL getAdmin Users() function getAdminUser() { $this->repository->getAdminUser(); } View

Programming to an interface 41 Easy question: What is interface?
Deﬁnes the set of methods, must be provided by implementing class. In simple words: Contract. "programming to an interface" means focusing your design on what the code is doing, not how it does it.

Repository 42 Client Controller MySQL Models DB Request getAdmin Users()
Service Fetch data call view Response MySQL Repository SQL getAdmin Users() Repository Interface implements function getAdminUser() { $this->repository->getAdminUser(); } NoSQL Repository View

Dependency injection 43 Laravel implements dependency injection through service containers
& providers. Also called IOC container

Magazine page example 44 Client Magazine Controller Article DB Request
getAdmin Users() ArticleService  getCategorize dArticlesByMa gazine() Fetch data call view Response Article Repository SQL getAdmin Users() Article Repository Interface implements View

Service

Service Providers • Central place of all laravel application bootstraping.
• Bootstrapping = registering. • We register services, event listeners, middleware, routes etc. • To do that, we use ‘providers’ array in ‘conﬁg/ app.php’ ﬁle. 47

Making service provider 48 php artisan make:provider ArticleServiceServiceProvider It will
create ﬁle ‘app/Providers/ArticleServiceServiceProvider.php It extends Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider Must have register() methods.

ArticleServiceServiceProvider

ArticleRepositoryInterface

ArticleRepository

ArticleRepositoryServiceProvider

Thank you. Questions? 55

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