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Building stable and flexible libraries
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Keishin Yokomaku
December 17, 2014
Technology
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3k
Building stable and flexible libraries
Keishin Yokomaku
December 17, 2014
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Transcript
Building stable and flexible libraries @KeithYokoma - Drivemode, Inc. potatotips
#12
KeithYokoma Keishin Yokomaku Drivemode, Inc. Android Engineer GitHub: https://github.com/KeithYokoma e-Book:
http://amzn.to/1mZNydv
Agenda • Stability • Flexibility
Make libraries STABLE
Make libraries STABLE • Entity class declaration • Multi-thread compatibility
• Lifecycle management
Make libraries STABLE • Entity class declaration • Don’t •
Do void setToken(String token, String type, String refresh, long by); void setToken(AccessToken token);
Make libraries STABLE • Entity class declaration • Hard to
remember the type of args • Not Type-Safe(ref. Effective Java) void setToken(String token, String type, String refresh, long by);
• Entity class declaration • Easy to remember the type
of args • Type-Safe void setToken(AccessToken token); Make libraries STABLE
Make libraries STABLE • Multi-thread compatibility • Synchronization • Immutable
entity • Thread pool and callback lifecycle • Singleton implementation
Make libraries STABLE • Multi-thread compatibility • Synchronization • “synchronized”
block • Synchronization utils(CyclicBarrier, …) • Atomicity(AtomicInteger, …) • “volatile” field
Make libraries STABLE • Multi-thread compatibility • Immutable entity •
Immutable entity is thread safe
Make libraries STABLE • Multi-thread compatibility • Thread pool and
callback lifecycle • Reduce thread initialization cost • Align callback lifetime with “Context” • Do NOT callback to dead object
Make libraries STABLE • Multi-thread compatibility • Singleton implementation •
Be aware of “Lazy Initialization”
// NOT thread safe!! public class Singleton { private static
Singleton sInstance; public static Singleton getInstance() { if (sInstance == null) { sInstance = new Singleton(); } return sInstance; } } Case Study Multi-thread compatibility
Make libraries STABLE • Multi-thread compatibility • Singleton implementation •
“synchronized” block • Double checked locking • Initialization on demand holder
private static Singleton sInstance; public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() {
if (sInstance == null) { sInstance = new Singleton(); } return sInstance; } Case Study Multi-thread compatibility
private static volatile Singleton sInstance; public static Singleton getInstance() {
if (sInstance == null) { synchronized (Singleton.class) { if (sInstance == null) { sInstance = new Singleton(); } } } return sInstance; } Case Study Multi-thread compatibility
static class Holder { public static final Singleton SINGLETON =
new Singleton(); } public static getInstance() { return Holder.SINGLETON; } Case Study Multi-thread compatibility
Make libraries STABLE • Lifecycle management • Object lifetime alignment
Make libraries STABLE • Lifecycle management • Object lifetime alignment
• Lifecycle methods of various “Context” • onCreate/onDestroy • onStart/onStop, onResume/onPause
Make libraries STABLE • Lifecycle management • Object lifetime alignment
• Naming convention • add/remove, register/unregister • start/finish, initialize/destroy
Make libraries FLEXIBLE
Make libraries FLEXIBLE • Annotations vs Listeners • Customizable resources
• Split package by domain
Make libraries FLEXIBLE • Annotations ✓ Fast and easy development
for client ✓ Automatic code generation(with apt) ✗ Slow(both runtime and apt takes time) ✗ Hard to dig into library itself
Make libraries FLEXIBLE • Listeners ✓ Faster than annotations(runtime) ✓
Simple architecture ✗ Client should maintain the lifetime
Make libraries FLEXIBLE • Annotations and Listeners • Do NOT
call methods of dead object
• Customizable resources • If the library has UI resources…
• Theme should be customizable • What about layout resources? Make libraries FLEXIBLE
• Customizable resources • At least you need to… •
Define ID resources that the library uses • Otherwise layout may not be customized Make libraries FLEXIBLE
Make libraries FLEXIBLE • Split package by domain • Avoid
exceeding 65k method limit • Less effort to strip out codes not used
Make libraries FLEXIBLE • Split package by domain • e.g.
Guava • guava, guava-gwt, guava-annotations, … • e.g. Google Play Services 6.5 • play-services, play-services-wearable, …
–Joshua Bloch “Never make the client do anything the library
can do for the client.”
Building stable and flexible libraries @KeithYokoma - Drivemode, Inc. potatotips
#12